Term
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Definition
| Osteoblasts, Osteoclasts, Osteocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| synthesize and secrete osteoid - mineralizes bone tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| break up bone minerals not needed to form bones - taken away by blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Bone tissue consists of what? |
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Definition
| Osseous tissue, Matrix, Compact bone and Cancellous bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Inorganic salts and Organic matrix |
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Term
| Inorganic salts consist of what? |
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Definition
| Calcium and phosphate produced by calcification |
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Term
| Organic matrix consists of what? |
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Definition
| ground substance - collagen fibers, protein, polsaccharides |
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Term
| Compact bone description - |
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Definition
| 80% of total bone mass - outer part of bones |
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Term
| Cancellous bone description - |
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Definition
| 20% of total bone mass - inner part of bones |
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Term
| What are the bone functions? |
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Definition
| Red blood cell production, mineral storage, support for body, protection of inner organs and structures and movement |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces red blood cells - more in children than adults |
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Term
| Yellow marrow description? |
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Definition
| Red becomes yellow as we age - can change to red if needed |
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Term
| Calcium, phosphorous and other minerals are released into the blood by action of ? |
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Definition
| osteoblasts and osteoclasts |
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Term
| What triggers the release of minerals into the blood by the osteoblasts and osteoclasts? |
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Definition
| calcitonin vs parathyroid hormone |
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Term
| What are the types of bones? |
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Definition
| Long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid |
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Term
| Example of a long bone is? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diaphysis of a bone is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Epiphysis of a bone is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Articular cartilage description? |
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Definition
| hyaline cartilage covering articular surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| thick fibrous membrane covering bone |
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Term
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Definition
| hollow space in diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| thin fibrous membrane lining medullary cavity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| condyle bone marking description |
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Definition
| rounded "bump" - fits into fossa of another bone at joint |
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Term
| epicondyle bone marking description |
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Definition
| "bump" near condyle - muscle attachment |
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Term
| facet bone marking example |
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Definition
| flat surface that articulates with another flat bone or facet |
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Term
| foramen bone marking example |
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Definition
| round hole for vessels and nerves |
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Term
| fossa bone marking example |
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Definition
| depression - receives articulating bone |
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Term
| neck bone marking example |
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Definition
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Term
| process bone marking example |
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Definition
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Term
| ramus bone marking example |
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Definition
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Term
| sinus bone marking example |
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Definition
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Term
| sulcus bone marking example |
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Definition
| groove or elongated depression |
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Term
| trochanter bone marking example |
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Definition
| large "bump" for muscle attachment |
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Term
| tuberosity bone marking example |
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Definition
| oblong, raised "bump" for muscle attachment |
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Term
| There are no ____________ ___________ in the cartilage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chondrocytes (cartilage cells) and matrix |
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Term
| cartilage cells are "fed" via _______? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three types of cartilage? |
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Definition
| hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage |
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Term
| what is the most common type of cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of hyaline cartilage? |
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Definition
| ribs at sternum, trachea, bronchi and tip of nose |
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Term
| Elastic cartilage has fewer _________ than hyaline? |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of elastic cartilage? |
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Definition
| external ear, epiglottis, Eustachian tube |
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Term
| Fibrocartilage is the _______ ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of fibrocartilage are? |
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Definition
| pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, near where large tendons attach to bones |
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Term
| You are born with how many bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| As an adult you have how many bones? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percentage are your bones of your total body weight as an adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many paired bones do you have? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many unpaired bones do you have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nasal concha, lacrimal bone, maxilla, nasal bone, palatine, parietal bone, temporal bone, zygomatic bone |
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Term
| Name the unpaired bones - |
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Definition
| ethmoid, frontal bone, occipital bone, mandible, sphenoid bone, vomer |
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Term
| Sinuses are __________________ to help make the skull lighter? |
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Definition
| hollow areas of the skull |
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Term
| Axial Skeleton consists of what? |
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Definition
| Skull, Vertebral Column and the rib cage |
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Term
| There are how many vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| There are how many cervical vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| atlas #1 and axis #2 are unique in structure from other vertebrae and are located where? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many thoracic vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many lumbar vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many lumbar vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many sacral veretbae? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many coccygeal veretbrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the cervical spinal curve end? |
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Definition
| mid 2nd thoracic vertebra |
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Term
| Where does the thoracic spinal curve end? |
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Definition
| mid 12th thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
| Where does the lumbar end? |
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Definition
| at the sacrovertebral angle |
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Term
| The ________ curve is more pronounced in women than men? |
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Definition
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Term
| Vertebral structure consists of what? |
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Definition
| body, lamina, spinous process, transverse spinous processes, neural arch |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior portion of vertebra where processes project outward |
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Term
| spinous process description |
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Definition
| projects inferiorly in midline - part you can feel under your skin in the back |
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Term
| transverse spinous processes description |
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Definition
| right and left projections from lamina |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior region of canal |
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Term
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Definition
| short posterior projections from body |
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Term
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Definition
| superior and inferior articulating surfaces between vertebrae |
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Term
| what vertebra have additional facets that connect to ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
| nucleus pulposus description |
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Definition
| pulpy, elastic substance of the intervertebral discs |
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Term
| Ligamenta flava does what? |
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Definition
| binds adjacent vertebrae at laminae |
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Term
| interspinous ligaments do what? |
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Definition
| connect spinous processes |
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Term
| supraspinous ligament does what? |
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Definition
| connects the tips of vertebrae to sacrum |
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Term
| intertransverse ligaments do what? |
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Definition
| connec transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae |
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Term
| longitudinal ligament does what? |
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Definition
| posterior and anterior - connects anterior and posterior surfaces of vertebral bodies from atlas to sacrum |
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Term
| what ribs are the true ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connect to sternum directly and to vertebrae |
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Term
| which ribs are the false ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connect to sternum indirectly via cartilage |
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Term
| which ribs are the floating ribs? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| only connect to vertebrae |
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Term
| sternum consists of what? |
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Definition
| manubrium, body, xiphoid process |
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