Term
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Definition
| Should show: 1. Property line with bearings and distances 2. Topography 3. Vegetation 4. Bodies of water 5. Buildings 6. Additional structures 7. Roads, driveways, parking, paths 8. Utilities 9. Adjacent conditions 10. Other |
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Term
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Definition
| A tool for the landscape architect to aid in developing the most appropriate solution for a given site; shows the existing conditions of a single attribute (vegetation, soils, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| After site inventory, a discussion with client to understand needs and wishes |
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Term
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Definition
| A list or outline of all the elements the design solution must include and satisfy. Should include 1. list of goals and objectives 2. list of elements to be included in design 3. list of special requirements to fill |
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Term
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Definition
| general statements of intent vs more specific statements about how the goals might be accomplished |
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Term
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Definition
| Identifies the site's opportunities and constraints for a specific land use program; suitability of site to different uses |
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Term
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Definition
| Universal Transverse Mercator grid system that divides areas into quadrilaterals, or a nested system of squares |
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Term
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Definition
| State Plane Coordinate system, rectangular grid linked to national geodetic survey system. Four times more accurate than UTM. |
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Term
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Definition
| Public Land Survey System (1785) uses grid system to map almost 3/4 of US. Nested grid system of townships (6x6 mile squares), sections (one-by-one mile squares), and quarter sections (160 acres). |
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Definition
| Limit the types of land uses that can occur at different locations within a municipality; also densities and spatial configurations |
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Term
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Definition
| Planned Unit Development or Planned Development District allow for land development patterns that depart from rigid single-use zoning requirements; often allow consolidation of parcels into a single master planned project for flexibility on density or use across site as a whole |
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Term
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Definition
| Environmental Site Assessment is a report that summarizes site ownership and land use history, in addition to current soil and groundwater conditions. All buildings and site structures evaluated and mapped. |
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Term
| Data on a topographic survey |
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Definition
| Legal boundaries, topography, vegetation, soils/geology, hydrology, utilities, structures, circulation |
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Term
| Hydrologic impacts from development |
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Definition
| 1. Increased volumes and rates of runoff 2. Reduced time needed for runoff to reach surface waters 3. Increased frequency and severity of flooding 4. Reduced streamflow during prolonged periods of dry weather 5. Water quality |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Alkalinity/acidity (pH) 2. Permeability 3. Erosion potential 4. Depth to seasonally high water table 5. Depth to bedrock |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Temperature 2. Humidity 3. Wind 4. Rainfall 5. Snowfall 6. Solar radiation 7. Potential natural hazards |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy consumption for heating and cooling of buildings, the comfort of people in outdoor settings |
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Term
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Definition
| Elevation, slope, aspect, geology, hydrology, soils, climate, microclimate |
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Term
| Defining characteristics of wetlands |
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Definition
| Hydrology, vegetation, soils |
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Term
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Definition
| Areas with hydrophytes and hydric soils |
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Term
| Federal Fish and Wildlife Service wetland classifications |
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Definition
| 1. Marine (open ocean and coastline) 2. Estuarine (tidal waters of coastal rivers, salty tidal marshes, mangrove swamps, tidal flats) 3. Riverine (rivers and streams) 4. Lacustrine (lakes, reservoirs and large ponds 5. Palustrine (marshes, wet meadows, fens, playas, potholes, pocosins, bogs, swamps, and small shallow ponds) |
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Term
| Cons of wetland restoration and banking |
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Definition
| 1. Inability to fully replicate natural wetlands 2. Constructed wetlands have lower biodiversity 3. Need to be in similar location or will have no impact on flooding or drainage of development project |
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Term
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Definition
| National Wetlands Inventory, administered by US Fish and Wildlife Service, has information on the extent, character and status of wetlands in the US |
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Term
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Definition
| Wetlands where soils are only saturated for a relatively brief period of the year |
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Term
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Definition
| National Land Cover Data available from US Geological Survey |
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Term
| Factors to determine economic value of trees |
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Definition
| Tree size, species, condition or health, location |
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Term
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Definition
| Endangered Species Act, maps prepared by US Fish and Wildlife Service |
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Term
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Definition
| Wetlands, native and invasive species, specimen trees, wildlife |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulations that exceed the basic protections of public health, safety and welfare; if regulations go beyond this standard, the regulator must provide just compensation to the affected land owner |
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Term
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Definition
| Ensures access to a property that is accessible only by crossing another property; commonly allow emergency vehicle access or utility maintenance |
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Term
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Definition
| Can limit scope and character of development; typically held in the public trust |
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Term
| Transfer of development rights |
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Definition
| Legal tool for shifting development from conservation areas to other areas more suitable for development |
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Term
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Definition
| Americans with Disabilities Act |
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Term
| National Coastal Zone Management |
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Definition
| CZM; voluntary partnership between federal government and US coastal states |
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Term
| Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program |
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Definition
| Requires states with approved CZM programs to develop and implement methods for coastal nonpoint pollution control |
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Term
| EPA Nonpoint pollution sources |
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Definition
| Agricultural runoff, urban runoff, forestry runoff, marinas, hydromodification |
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Term
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Definition
| Set minimum requirements for parcel size, may limit the number and location of curb cuts, or street access points |
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Term
| Legal issues to investigate for a site |
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Definition
| 1. Zoning classification (use and density) 2. Easements, covenants and deed restrictions 3. Government agencies with jurisdiction over the property 4. Building placement requirements (setbacks) 5. Allowable building area 6. Building height and bulk restrictions 7. Parking requirements 8. Open space requirements 9. Stormwater and erosion control requirements 10. Landscaping requirements |
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Term
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Definition
| National Historic Preservation Act affords legal protection to buildings, bridges and other structures on the list of nationally significant historic resources |
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Term
| Five elements of mental images (Lynch) |
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Definition
| Edges, paths, districts, nodes, landmarks |
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Term
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Definition
| Land use and tenure, Federal and state land regulations, local regulations and zoning, circulation, utilities, buildings, historic resources, visibility, visual quality, noise and odors |
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