Term
| Immuno precipitation and Immuno agglutination are what type of interaction ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is antibody affinity ? |
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Definition
| this is binding strength between a single antibody binding site with a single epitope from the antigen |
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Term
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Definition
Is the combined total synergistic binding strength of
the antibody to multiple binding sites present on a single
antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| the antigenic determinant (part of the antigen) to which the single Fab fragment binds |
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Term
| Cross-reactivity of Abs is what ? |
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Definition
| Antibodies produced against one antigen may react with epitopes from unrelated antigens |
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Term
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Definition
status change where soluble reagents move
into an insoluble 3D structure (lattice) |
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Term
| Antigen must be multivalent and what for precipitation to occur and for agglutination to occur ? |
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Definition
soluble for precipitation reaction or
particle for agglutination reaction |
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Term
| Precipitation curve depends on what ? |
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Definition
| Depends on antibody : antigen concentration |
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Term
| The 3 zones in a precipitation curve ? |
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Definition
Zone of Antibody Excess
Zone of Equivalence
Zone of Antigen Excess |
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Term
| Insoluble immune complexes formed in what zone ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Soluble immune complexes are formed in what zone ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Another name for Double Diffusion in Two Dimensions test ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ouchterlony pattern where Antibody precipitates with identical epitopes on both antigens ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ouchterlony pattern where Unique precipitation patterns point to non-identical epitopes recognized by the same Ab (X like image) ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ouchterlony pattern where some, but not all, epitopes are shared between both antigens ? |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of a Flocculation (precipitation) test and an indirect agglutination test for syphilis testing? |
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Definition
| VDRL test that uses cardiolipin antigen to test for syphilis |
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Term
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Definition
crosslinking of "particulate" antigens with
antibodies |
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Term
| Only two differences b/w agglutination and precipitation ? |
|
Definition
1) agglutinogens are not soluble particle
2) there is no phase change of the agglutinogens during aggregation process |
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Term
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Definition
Is the repulsive force b/w RBCs measured in microvolts.
A problem for hemagglutination rxns.
Zeta potential impedes the
agglutination process when
bivalent antibodies are used,
such as IgG |
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Term
| Coombs test is used for what hypersensitivity rxns ? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Direct Coombs test ? |
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Definition
| IgG antibodies are already bound to the red blood cells from the serum of the patient. |
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Term
| What is Indirect Coombs test ? |
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Definition
The erythrocytes are added as an
additional first step in the indirect test.
The second step is addition of anti-human IgG antibodies (Coombs serum) and
observing agglutination reaction |
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Term
What disease is preventable by treatment with anti-RhD
immunoglobulin (Rho(D) Ig)? |
|
Definition
| Hemolytic disease of newborn (Erythroblastosis Fetalis) |
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Term
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Definition
ELISA - solid phase immunoassay – 96 multiwell plate.
Enzyme based colorimetric technique is used for detection
of either the antibody or the antigen.
The analysis is done by measuring the optical density (OD). |
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Term
| What are the most frequently used reagents in commercial ELISA kits ? |
|
Definition
Monoclonal Abs
Also polyclonal "serum" can be used as capture antibodies in Sandwich ELISA |
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Term
| What test can be used in SLE and Sjogren's Syndrome ? |
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Definition
| ANA Test (Anti-nuclear antibodies test) |
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Term
| ANA test is similar to what other testing methodoligies ? |
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Definition
ELISA
Agglutination
Immunofluorescence testing |
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Term
| If CH50 test low or absent, and AH50 is normal, then defect is in ? |
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Definition
| Classical complement pathway |
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Term
| If both CH50 and AH50 tests are low or absent, defect is in ? |
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Definition
| Terminal complement pathway |
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Term
| (True or False) CH 50 test can only detect severe or total complement deficiencies , not defects in individual factors ? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Rh Immunoglobulin belongs to which antibody class ? |
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Definition
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Term
| If person has poison ivy dermatitis, what cells found earliest in the skin lesion ? |
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Definition
| T lymphocytes, b/c poison ivy dermatitis is a Type 4 hypersensitivity |
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