Term
| What does Research Processes say? |
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Definition
| It is important to study families as a unit well as individuals as their own units |
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Term
| For the average couple marrying for the first time in recent years, the lifetime probability of divorce is |
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Definition
| between 40 and 50 percent |
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Term
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Definition
| A protean anything is something that can change shape at will. Families are becoming that way. Families are adaptable in the environments they live in. For example, government or recessions or other factors change families. Recent changes or families at large have included changes in STRUCTURE and in FUNCTIONS. |
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Term
| Changes in marriage trends -STRUCTURE |
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Definition
| there is now less divorce, more parents in jail, dads spending more time with kids especially here in the US, people are getting married later, or not getting married at all, more cohabitation |
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Term
| Changes in marriage trends -FUNCTIONS |
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Definition
| FUNCTIONS are changing by, for example, the trend in how the relationship of spouses works primarily now. Institutional marriages were the most popular, then there were compassionate marriages while individualistic marriages took a rise, and now individualistic marriages come out on top for most common today. Other changes in functions include the separation of marriage, sex, child-bearing, and child rearing. Now these are individual activities and not family activities anymore. Also, home and children are not as important as they used to be. Kids used to be an advantage to families, and now they are looked upon as more of a liability. We have also outsourced old family functions. And Families are supposed to meet at the emotional and psychological needs of its members. Other stats included the fact that divorce is no fault now. |
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? less divorce |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? more parents in jail |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? Dads spending more time with kids |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? People are getting married later, not at all, or cohabiting more? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? The kind of marriage (institutional, companionate and individualistic) changing to mostly indicidualistic? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? Marriage, Sex, child- bearing, child rearing are all becoming individual activities? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? kids are not as important as they used to be? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? Outsourcing of old family functions |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? families are supposed to meet all members' emotional and phsycological needs now |
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Definition
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Term
| Is this a change of structure or function in a family? Divorce is no- fault now. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the oldest type of marriage relationship where people get married with the primary goal being the well being of extended family and community. Tevya and Golde in Fiddler on the Roof had this kind of marriage. |
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Term
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Definition
| This marriage is based on love and friendship. The primary goal for each person is the well being of the other. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a selfish marriage where the goal of each party is the well being of their individual. It is based on love at first but is maintained for the individual. In this marriage, people easily leave if they want to be more happy for themselves. Don’t be one of these people! |
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Term
| Research vs. Religion In science we study the family looking at: |
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Definition
| current conditions. Two characteristics of the science approach are these: 1. objectivity- studying is a procedure that is not to be disturbed by our own biases... And 2. A strong empirical attitude and approach. Science is systematic so that it can be replicated. We know the world by our 5 senses. A. Ordinary oberservation, b. personal experience, c. Authority, d. Revelation, E. Science |
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Term
| Two characteristics of the science approach are these: and describe them. |
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Definition
| 1. objectivity- studying is a procedure that is not to be disturbed by our own biases... And 2. A strong empirical attitude and approach. Science is systematic so that it can be replicated. |
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Term
| Social Science Theories purpose: |
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Definition
| to look at the family in different ways to maximize ways to benefit the family and understand it. This is looking at the same phenomenon, but with different assumptions, as Dr. Dyer put it. |
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Term
| What theory includes the ideas of Morphostasis, Morphogenesis, Equifinality, Equipotentiality, Goals have subscritption rates, the family is Protean, Inputs and Outputs, and the family as a whole is greater than the sum of the parts. Also, equilibrium, boundaries, and subsystems. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the characteristics of family goals? |
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Definition
They have subscription rates
deal with togetherness vs. separateness
there are strategies used by family members to achieve these goals |
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Term
| Are goals said out loud in a family? |
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Definition
| No, they are underlying (implicit) |
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Term
| Family systems theory believes that families are more effective in reaching their goals when they focus more on the ‘how and what’ parts of life than spending energy on the |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the the imputs to a family system according to family systems theory |
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Definition
from the environment (i.e.jobs, education, etc.)
and from inside the family (i.e. development, affection, etc.)
and also feedback on the outputs of the family affects future of family |
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Term
| What are the outputs of a family system according to family systems theory? |
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Definition
to the environment (i.e. pollution, workers, etc.)
to the family (i.e. security, love, etc.)
and feedback. The family system is creating its own feedback to see if outputs meet goals |
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Term
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Definition
| There is a natural state that humans live in that is rather unruly, nasty, and carnal. Human condition is one of struggle. When families struggle together and are successful at reaching a consensus then they become stronger. |
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Term
| What is the Symbolic Interaction Theory? |
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Definition
| Families attribute meanings to things in families and meanings influence how family members act. Family members play different roles in a family that come from scripts. |
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Term
| When there is a big difference between a person’s expectations and what they are performing as, they experience what? This can also happen when there is ambiguity about what role individuals play in families. |
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Definition
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Term
| What theory does this idea belong to? Family members play different roles in a family that come from scripts. |
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Definition
| Symbolic Interaction Theory. |
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Term
| What Theory would say that there are underlying subsystems in a family? |
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Definition
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Term
| What theory would say that families have in place significant boundaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| What theory would say that each preceding stage of development provides the foundation for subsequent phases? And what is that idea |
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Definition
| Epigenesis -- Developmental Theories |
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Term
| The Developmental theory says that the primary purpose of families is what? |
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Definition
| Nurturing Positive Development |
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Term
| What theory says that anticipating changes is a good thing? And what is this term called? |
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Definition
| Anticipatory socialization, this is the developmental theory |
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Term
| What is anticipatory socialization? |
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Definition
| Preparing or adjusting to a situation before you enter it to make the transition less stressful |
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Term
| What theory would say that equality in resources among family members is a good thing? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do people act according to the Rational Choice/Social Exchange Theory? |
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Definition
| Each person acts with his or her personal welfare in mind as a primary motivating force. We also make choices that seem to assist us in reaching goals we have selected as important. |
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Term
| What is important to maintain if a family is to work according to Rational Choice/ Social Exchange Theory? |
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Definition
| Each family member having equal resources |
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Term
| What principle coincides with Thomas S. Monson's saying "Decisions determine Destiny?" |
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Definition
| Epigenesis. The choices we make early in our lives affect who we are, the type of family we raise, and the life we will lead later. |
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Term
| What decreases role strain (difficulty coping with a new role)? |
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Definition
| Anticipatory Socialization and a clearer transition into the role itself |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Who has higher stress levels at various stages of life, husbands or wives? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is happening to primary stressors over the family live course? |
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Definition
| They vary according to stage |
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Term
| What was Botwin's Research |
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Definition
| three personality characteristics that are predictors of marital and sexual dissatisfaction: lack of agreeableness, emotional instability, and a lack of intellectual openness. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Big Five: five primary attributes of human personality. Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism. |
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Term
| What are the two parts of the Autonomic Nervous System? |
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Definition
| Parasympathetic and Sympathetic |
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Term
| What does the Parasympathetic do? (4) and what does it ready you to do? |
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Definition
| (readies body for social interaction) decreases heart rate, facilitates “rest and digest,” increases control of facial and vocal expressions, and increases ability to attend to others’ communication. |
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Term
| What does the Sympathetic do? (4) and what does it ready you for? (this question is not asking for types of Sympathetic) |
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Definition
| (readies body for danger) increases heart rate, sweat gland secretion, promotes hypervigilance (attunement to danger), decreases activity of other systems not related to mobilization (like digestion) |
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Term
| What are the types of Sympathetic and what do each do? |
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Definition
- Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) - Produces fear and anxiety to support constraining impulses and extinguishing behaviors under threat of punishment.
- Behavioral Activation System (BAS) Active Response: “Fight or Flight” |
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Term
| As regards to the Para Sympathetic/Sympathetic response, what would this person have in terms of parasympathetic, behavioral inhibition or behavioral activation? This person is buffered against anxiety and depression, they have increased emotional stability. |
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Definition
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Term
| As regards to the Para Sympathetic/Sympathetic response, what would this person have in terms of parasympathetic, behavioral inhibition or behavioral activation? This person is panicked and depressed |
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Definition
| High Behavioral Inhibition |
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Term
| As regards to the Para Sympathetic/Sympathetic response, what would this person have in terms of parasympathetic, behavioral inhibition or behavioral activation? This person is aggressive and Impulsive. |
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Definition
| They have a high behavioral activation system and low Behavioral Inhibition system |
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Term
| What is the Difference principle? |
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Definition
| If we are to have successful relationships, each individuals fundamental differences need to be acknowledged and Understood. Differences are strength, not flaws. (personality ocean stuff pertains to this.) |
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Term
| What are Off-time Transitions: |
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Definition
| A transition that is unanticipated or does not occur when it was generally expected to occur. This is a transition that naturally occurs to people, you just got it at the wrong time. The individual, family, and or society is not equipped to handle this transition for you now. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subjects being reduced to small fragments. We can look at a small part of a family and figure out what the family will do in a variety of situations. |
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Term
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Definition
| These are the everyday events of life, the elements. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a certain group of people is over or under represented in a sample and thus the results are not correct. |
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Term
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Definition
| Something is reliable when each time the measure is used, you get the same results. For example, my bathroom scale. I don’t know if it is valid (it may or may not be) but every time I step on it when I weigh this much it will tell me that I weigh the same amount. |
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Term
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Definition
| Something is valid when it really is measuring what it is supposed to be measuring. For example, a valid IQ test would be one that really measured each person’s exact intelligence. Something that is valid will be reliable. |
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Term
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Definition
| one in which two events are seemingly related, but on further examination, we find that both of them are, in fact, the result of some other third event. |
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Term
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Definition
| an extension or way of assessing or measuring a construct. |
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Term
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Definition
| an idea of formulation we deem relevant to a particular theory or research question. |
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Term
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Definition
| when there is continuity and sameness. |
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Term
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Definition
| when there is constant creation or change. |
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Term
| Anticipatory socialization |
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Definition
| The process of learning the norms, values, and so on, of a role or roles before one is expected to take on that particular role. (Preparing or adjusting to a situation before you enter it to make the transition less stressful.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeing what you want to see so everything you see comes in agreement with what you believe. |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of people are asked about their opinions, perceptions, beliefs, and attitudes towards the particular subject of research. |
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Term
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Definition
| Twins elicit similar responses from the environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Twins make similar choices about activities (perhaps because their genes give them strengths in some of the same areas). |
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Term
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Definition
| Gains energy by being in a crowd of people and Would rather talk superficially to many people |
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Term
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Definition
| Being in a crowd drains this person’s energy and Would rather have a small in-depth conversation |
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Term
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Definition
| -In science is a procedure. Without it, science loses its unique and special character. |
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