Term
|
Definition
| A measure of how close a result is to some baseline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The objective of the analysis phase of the scientific method is to gain a thorough understanding of the components of the problem domain, leading to the formulation of a single specific and reasonable task objective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An assumption expresses an attribute or value of a property or a process that is presumed to be valid for the application domain of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An Axiom expresses a fundamental concept or property that is presumed to be universially accepted as valid everywhere in the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A performance metric that specifies an advantageous result of applying the solution to the task unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition or parameter that reflects some limitation, restriction or exclusion that has been imposed on the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The channels in a task domain are the means by which the resources of the task are interconnected to provide the means for exchanging enery and information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The completeness criterion for the provisional acceptance of knowledge requires that the knowledge and methods used to accomplish a task be completely and clearly disclosed using standard terminology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The final result of a task that states the extent to which the task objective has been achieved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conclusive knowledge is obtained by statistacal inference or formal proof |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition is the final result of a task that states the extent to which teh task objective has been achieved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A constant is a numerical or categorical quantity that is a parameter. It's value is called a level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A control trial measures the performance of one set of task components in the absence of another set of task components to isolate the effects of the included components on performance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A convention is a rule or statement governed by an accepted standard |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A performance metric that specifies an immediate or long-term disadvantage of an associated benefit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A definition is a statement of meaning or membership |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Development is a process that applies knowledge to create new devices or effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rule or statement of causality or existence that is promulgated by a recognized authority, usually ecclesiastical, cultural or political, and is intended to be accepted without question |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The existing knowledge that is necessary to design and execute an R&D project |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An empirem is a knowledge proposition that has been proven to be valid using rigorous statistical methods with a representative and sufficient sample |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The region of the task domain that lies outside the task system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure of the distance of a result from some baseline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fixed condition or fixed parameter that avoids, minimizes, or ignores an unwanted influence on the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An experiment acquires data to measure the performance of the solution under controlled conditions in a laboratory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fact is a statement of objective reality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition or parameter of a task whose value is intentionally varied to measure its impact on the results of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition which is not intentionally varied during the execution of a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A parameter which is not intentionally varied during the execution of a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Every task has at least one goal to determine the response of the task unit to the application of the solution (or part of the solution), as expressed by an infinitive phrase. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Those conditions and parameters whose values are fixed during the execution of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The smallest measurement increment specifies for a device or quantity |
|
|
Term
| Hypothesis Phase Objective |
|
Definition
| The objective of the hypothesis phase is to propose a solution to achieve the task objective, a set of goals and hypotheses for this solution, and the factors and performance metrics for testing the validity of the solution. |
|
|
Term
| Indirect Condition or Parameter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An inducer is a device or mechanism that alters the task unit during or before the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The set of physical regions containing the task unit and all the task resources required during the experiments |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fundamental relationship or process that is presumed to be universally accepted as valid everywhere in the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A conclusion that has been formally proved, often described as a "helping theorem" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fixed condition or fixed parameter that constrains the precision or amount of one of the task resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Method knowledge transfers domain knowledge into range knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition or parameter that does not impose a limitation, restriction or exclusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The objectivity criterion for the provisional acceptance of knowledge requires that the knowledge propositions for a task be as free of bias and extraneous influence as possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The unsubstantiated belief about the worth or value of something or someone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A specification of the task system, whose value is either fixed or varied as a factor of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arithmetic combination of one or more benefits and costs that summarizes the impact of their interaction by increasing in value with increasing benefit and decreasing in value with increasing cost |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A requirement that any proposed solution to the problem must fulfill |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A performance factor (or factor) is a condition or parameter of a task whose value is intentionally varied to measure its impact on the results of the task. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A performance metric is a postulate that transforms the results of the task into measures of performance for drawing conclusions about the task objective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A process, function, rule or mechanism that is presumed to be valid for the application domain of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The number of states that spans the dynamic range of a quantity, expressing the maximum amount of information that can be expressed by the quantity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The minimum of the precisions of all the devices and quantities established by the governing propositions, which determines the maximum allowable precision for the results and conclusions of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presumptive knowledge comprises propositions that are assumed to be valid, but are always open to question and are explicityly qualified by an acknowledgement that the results and conclusions of the study depend on the validity of the propositions, which cannot be verified |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The sole task of the highest level, or root, of a project task tree |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A problem statement is expressed as an interrogative sentence, a declarative sentence or an imperative sentence that summarizes a question, complaint or requirement, respectively. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The resulting knowledge and/or devices from a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arithmetic combination of several benefits that summarizes the extent to which the task objective has been achieved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Knowledge acquired from the results and conclusions of an R&D project |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A representation factor is a parameter or a condition whose values are selected uniformly from its domain and applied to all treatments to assure fair and equal representation of all values. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The reproducibility criterion for the provisional acceptance of knowledge requires that all independent attempts to accomplish a task under the same conditions yield the same results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Research is a process that acquires new knowledge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A research hypothesis (or simply an hypothesis) is a declarative sentence that asserts a desired, expected, or possible conclusion of a goal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Resolution is the reciprocal of granularity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fixed condition or fixed parameter that constrains the scope of the utility or validity of the products of a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An immediate measure of performance of a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A task unit consisting of a set of nonliving objects or concepts (usually called instances, data points, specimens, items or cases) all of which are assumed to be equivalent for the requirements of the task objective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sensor is a device that acquires the required data from the task unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Speculative knowledge comprises propositions that rely solely on unsubstantiated belief or authoritarian ontological or moral statements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stipulative knowledge comprises propositions that are considered valid for the task by reason of concensus among the investigators |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The supervisor is the set of human and automated agents that operates and monitors the task unit, the concurrent inducers, the sensors, and itself |
|
|
Term
| Synthesis Phase Objective |
|
Definition
| The objective of the synthesis phase of the scientific method is to implement the task method (solution and experiments) to accomplish the goals and validate the hypotheses of the task. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The system for a task is the intersection of the regions altered by the required inducers and the regions sensed by the sensors, as long as this intersection contains the task unit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An R&D task applies a specified method to the domain of the task with the objective of obtaining a satisfactory result in the range of the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The task domain comprises the task unit and the resources necessary to achieve the task objective |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The task method comprises the solution specified to achieve the task objective and the experiments designed to determine the effectiveness of the solution, that is, everything required to transform the task domain in to the task range |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The task objective is a statement of what the task is intended to achieve, expressed as an infinitive phrase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The task range comprises all the products of the task, including knowledge, devices and effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The task unit comprises the set of objects or concepts that undergoes some required alteration before or during the task and measurement during the task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Scientific Method comprises four sequential phases - Analysis, Hypothesis, Synthesis and Validation - which are applied to a task iteratively and recursively to achieve the objective of the task. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A theorem (or lemma) is a conclusion that has been formally proved |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A theory (or law) is a fundamental relationship or process that is presumed to be universally accepted as valid everywhere in the universe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An experiment treatment is a combination of one level or setting for every factor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An experiment trial is a complete set of treatments applied to a member of the task unit during the experiment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A measure of the inconsistency in a sample |
|
|
Term
| Validation Phase Objective |
|
Definition
| The objective of the validation phase of the scientific method is to decide whether the objective of the task has been achieved, based on formal conclusions about its goals and hypotheses and a rigorous peer review of the task methodology. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A numerical or categorical quantity that is a factor of a task' its value is called a level |
|
|
