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| surface mining with simple tools (pick axes, panning) |
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| mining deep into the earth |
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| one of the cattle drives in the Great Plains |
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| a tract of land available for settling |
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| up to 160 acres of land; if you made it for five years, the land was yours |
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| el cheapo books that romanticized cowboys |
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| nickname for Great Plains |
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| cattle on the cattle drives |
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| livelihood for NAs, almost pushed to extinction |
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| let business do what business does |
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| divided regions by the hour |
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| met with the Union Pacific in Omaha Nebraska |
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| met with Central in Omaha Nebraska (Grenville Dodge) |
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| big corps mass produce, make cheap goods, out-compete smaller businesses (WALMART) |
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| scandal where Union almost went bankrupt and Congress was sold cheap shares |
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| costs of running a business (wages, shipping) |
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| costs you have to pay regardless of whether or not the business is running (mortgage, taxes) |
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| grip on an entire industry |
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| makes no goods, just owns stock |
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| merged without violating laws |
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| Gospel of Wealth, Bessemer process |
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| in NY, processed European immigrants (very quick) |
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| in CA, processed Asian immigrants (very slow b/c of nativism) |
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| Tammany Hall/William Tweed |
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| boss, NY political machine |
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| motivating rags to riches stories |
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| if you don't know this guy I will cut you |
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| weak will die out and strong will rise in society |
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| idea that people fail due to circumstances beyond their control |
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| *English lessons, medical care, education |
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| putting your BFF in office |
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| opposed civil service reform |
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| assassinated by a stalwart |
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| the pres decides which jobs would be filled according to rules by a civil service committee |
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| regulated interstate commerce |
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| if your grandfather voted, you could vote |
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| this was repealed and private orgs could segregate |
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| "seperate but equal" (bullshit) |
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| unspoken/unwritten rules on African Americans (ex. no guns) |
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| economic and political domination of a strong nation over a weaker nation |
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| depend on raw materials from around world to protect investments |
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| naval expedition to Japan to negotiate trade treaty (Treaty of Kanogawa) |
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| Queen Liliuokalani/Hawaii |
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| US and Latin America should work together to support peace and trade |
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| wrote The Influence of Sea Power Upon History |
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| flames fanned by yellow journalism; Cuba free, US owned Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico |
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| badasses of the Spanish American War |
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| Puerto Rico= unincorporated territory w/ gradual self gov |
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| 1) no other treaties, no taking territory 2) naval station 3) no debt 4) US had protection/intervention rights |
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| big stick policy, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating with Japan and Russia |
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| "walk softly and carry a big stick" |
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| area of influence from country |
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| US had rights to build and control Panama Canal |
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| extension of Monroe Doctrine-- US could intervene in Latin America |
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| believed more industry/$, less military |
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| substituting dollars for bullets |
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| requires direct election of Senators |
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| Congress could levy income tax |
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| Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) |
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| ladies against alcoholism |
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| that meat can't be nasty, yo |
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| Progressive Party -> Bull Moose |
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| Roosevelt ran in 1912 in this party |
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| New Freedom vs. New Nationalism |
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Definition
| Wilson- New Freedom, Roosevelt- New Nationalism |
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| France, Great Britian, Russia, formed Allies |
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| Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, formed Central Powers |
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| Serbian nationalist group, member killed Franz Ferdinand |
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| Germany said it wouldn't go hogwild with the U boats anymore |
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| telegram from Germany to Mexico asking for alliance, PISSED OFF America |
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| draft, 18+ male have to sign up in case of war |
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| AAs went north for jobs, away from racism |
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| conserved coal and oil for war |
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| buy from government, funds war, get your money back later |
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| Committee on Public Information |
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| 'sold' the idea of the war |
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| Espionage and Sedition Acts |
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| 1st amendment violation, couldn't criticize war/gov |
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| new to the army and battle |
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| big groups to protect goods and soldiers |
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| led by Lenin, overthrew provisional gov in Russia |
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| led Bolsheviks, took power |
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| Britian, US, France, Italy attended peace meeting (Russia left out) |
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| League of Nations/US opposition |
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Definition
| big circle of happiness, isolationist US didn't want to get involved in world affairs |
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| communist= disloyal (mail bombs, unrest) |
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| Captain Eddie Rickenbacker |
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| had most war casualties due to bad leadership and primitive tech |
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| nativism, anti-anarchist, not a fair trial |
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| snazzy girls challenged traditional roles |
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| idea that God made the universe |
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| taught evolution, tried for violating Butler Act |
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| repealed 18th amendment and prohibition |
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| upped police power to enforce prohibition |
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| revival of AA arts, entertainent, literature |
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| poet, voice of AAs, "Dream Deferred" |
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| National Association of Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) |
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Definition
| this group lobbyed against lynching |
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| UNIA (Universal Negro Improv. Asso) |
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| promote black pride and unity |
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| president's buddies in office, led to scandals |
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| sec of interior Albert Fall took bribes |
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| took bribes, Teapot Dome Scandal, Ohio gang shtuff |
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| believed government should stay out of business |
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| 20's flourishing movies and entertainment |
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| everyone has a different task, moves along fast |
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| first to fly across Atlantic |
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| lower taxes will help economy as people spend/invest more |
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| cooperative individualism |
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Definition
| encouraged manufacturers to share info, make associations |
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Definition
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| Hoover's party took credit for prosperity |
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Definition
| major reason for Hoover's landslide victory |
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| main cause of Great Depression |
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| selling and buying stock, speculation |
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| day stock market collapsed |
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| when company calls in loan |
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| predicting stock value will go up |
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| going over-budget and spending more than you have |
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| storming a bank and making it go out of businesses |
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| cardboard box houses, Hoovertowns |
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| Emergency Relief and Construction Act |
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| FDR's advisor groups (i.e. New Freedom, New Nationalism) |
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| regulated stock market, *truthful information |
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| opposed New Deal (for some strange reason) |
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| suspend anti-trust laws, codes of fair competition (ruled unconst) |
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| Agricultural Adjustment Admin |
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Definition
| don't raise certain crops (ruled unconst) |
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| Glass Stegall Banking Act |
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Definition
| created FDIC + banks can't invest in stock market |
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| construction projects, jobs |
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| ruled NIRA unconstitutional |
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| c'mon, share the wealth, guys |
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| FDR raised number of judges to make sure his programs were pushed through |
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| Fair Labor Standards Act 1938 |
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Definition
| minimum wage, maximum hours, child labor |
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| drought and over farming led to DUST |
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