Term
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Definition
| a drug or dietary fiber-forming agent that relieves the symptoms of diarrhea. |
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Term
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Definition
the removal of a small piece of living tissue from an organ
or other part of the body for microscopic examination to confirm or
establish a diagnosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the compression of food that is created by mastication and moved by peristalsis into the stomach (p. 1175 P&P). |
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Term
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Definition
| is a process in which a patient develops a routine to defecate every day at the same time. E.g. by waking up every morning, attempting to defecate at the same time every day until he or she regains control of bowel reflexes. This requires time, patience and consistency on the patient haft (p. 1216 P&P) |
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Term
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Definition
the portion of the large intestine extending from the cecum to
the rectum. |
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Term
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Definition
| depending on the location of the site, it is a surgical opening created with the ends of the intestines to the abdominal wall (stoma). - ostomy means a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes. If the site at the colon it is called a colostomy and if it’s in the ileum it’s called an ileostomy (p. 1181 P&P). |
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Term
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Definition
| is a symptom and not a disease of improper diet; reduce fluid intake, lack of exercise and certain medications which cause constipation. Sign and symptoms follow; infrequent bowel movement difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feces (p. 1179 P&P). |
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Term
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Definition
| the eliminating of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum. |
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Term
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Definition
| an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid with unformed feces. |
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Term
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Definition
| visualization of the interior of the organs and cavities with an endoscope |
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Term
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Definition
| a procedure where a water base solution is introduced the rectum and sigmoid colon via anus, to promote defecation by stimulating peristalsis. The volume of the fluid instilled breaks up the fecal mass, stretches the rectal wall and initiates the defecation reflex (p. 1197 P&P). |
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Term
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Definition
RN who is qualified to provide care for
persons with stomas, draining wounds, fistulae, incontinence, and
actual or potential alterations in tissue integrity |
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Term
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Definition
accumlation of gas in lumen of intestine = streches & distends bowel wall.
s/s abd fullness, cramping, pain. |
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Term
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Definition
technical process by which an internal organ or cavity
can be viewed using glass or plastic fibers to transmit light through
a specially designed tube and reflect a magnified image |
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Term
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Definition
| a mass peristaltic movement of the colon that often occurs 15-20 minutes after food enters the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
| a test which can determine if there is blood presented in the stool, also known as a hemoccult test. Stool is applied onto two guaiac papers. Then a developing solution is applied on the back of the guaiac paper; IFF there is blood present in the stool the paper will turn blue, if not it will remain white (p. 1189 P&P). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dilated engorged veins in the lining of the rectum, can be internal or external. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unrelieved constipation of hardened feces, wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. |
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Term
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Definition
| the physical condition which impairs the anal sphincter from functioning correctly. |
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Term
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Definition
| a person who lacks the ability to produce the enzyme required to digestion of milk sugar. |
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Term
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Definition
| are stool softeners, that promote peristalsis. |
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Term
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Definition
| a surgery that involves direct manipulation of the bowel, which temporarily stops peristalsis and usually last for about 24-48 hours |
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Term
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Definition
| the type of movement in which the esophagus propels food to the stomach. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a maneuver that assists with stool passage. By applying pressure to the abdominal muscles to contract, while maintaining a forced expiration against a close airway |
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Term
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Definition
| it’s the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of medication administration. |
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Term
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Definition
| are unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable serves responses for medication. |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates the effect of the medication on a body system. |
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Term
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Definition
| one medications are metabolizes, they exit the body through the kidneys, liver, bowel, lungs and exocrine glands. The chemical composition of the medication determines the route for excretion |
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Term
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Definition
official name of the drug, usually appears in the small letters.
e.g. acetaminophen |
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Term
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Definition
| the time it takes for excretion process to lower to serum medication contrition by haft |
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Term
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Definition
| a site usually used for skin testing, because the medication is usually potent. Blood supply is usually reduced, thus it take a while to be absorbed into the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| provides faster medication absorption than the subcutaneous route because of a muscles greater vascularity. IM sites, deltoid, gluteus, rectus femorous |
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Term
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Definition
| _ injection or “iv push” of a medication into a vein ,via stat/hep lock. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| refers to a lower dosage of a medication than of a loading dosage |
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Term
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Definition
| when a medication has reached its highest concentration, which usually occurs right before the body absorbs the last of the medication |
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Term
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Definition
| a branch of pharmacology dedicated to the determination of the fate of substances administered externally to a living organism |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which medications bind to serum proteins such as albumin affects medication distribution |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes drug toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
manufactures name - capitalized with the (R) symbol
Tylenol |
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Term
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Definition
| chemicals that work in the body by interacting with the body to produce a specific response or set or responses. |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that bind to a receptor and produces a response. |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that bind to a receptor and block a response. |
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Term
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Definition
| an immediate response is desired a large initial dose may be given to receive a minimum effective concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration. |
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Term
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Definition
| usually predictable and dose related, may be desirable or undesirable. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Hx of falling
2. secondary Dx
3. ambulatory aid
4. Iv/heparin lock
5. gait/transferring
6. mental status |
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Term
| Morse fall scale: scoring |
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Definition
No risk: 0-24
low risk: 25-30
high risk: >50 |
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Term
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Definition
| Adults needs to drink 6-8 glasses q day 1400-2000ml. |
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Term
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Definition
1. infectious agents
2. reservoir
3. portal of exit
4. mode of transmission
5. portal of entry
6. susceptible host |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| s/s of localized infection |
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Definition
| heath/warmth, redness, swelling, pain, tenderness. |
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Term
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Definition
Assessment
diagnosis
planning
implementation
evaluation |
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Term
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Definition
affects the entire body.
s/s fever, inc. WBC >10k/mm3, malaise
anorexia, N.&V., lymph node enlargement. |
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Term
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Definition
| fear, anger, choking, pneumonia, constipation, skin breakdown |
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Term
| alternatives to restraints |
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Definition
| modify environment, sitter, visual and auditory stimulation, psychosocial interventions, physical activities, on going assessments. |
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Term
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Definition
| main source of energy in the diet; 1g=4kcal. obtained from plant foods, except for lactose. CHO make up 50-60% total cal. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1g PRO = 4kcal, essential for building, repair & replacement of body tissue, nitrogen balance. |
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Term
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Definition
| most caloric dense nutrient: 1g FAT = 9kcal. |
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Term
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Definition
60-70% of total body WT. muscle contains more water than any tissue blood.
normal I&O: 2200-2700ml
oral intake: 1100-1400
solids: 800-1000 |
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Term
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Definition
| organic substances, essential for normal metabolism: acts as catalysts in biochemical reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A,D,E & K can be stored in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
macro minerals - daily requirement >100mg
trace elements - daily requirement <100mg |
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Term
| food guide pyramid (USDA 2003) |
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Definition
| models a daily diet for between 1600-1800 kcal/day. |
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Term
| daily reference values (DVR's) |
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Definition
| to provide a more understandable format for the general public. |
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Term
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Definition
defines national goals to meet that will increase the proportion of Americans who live long healthy lives.
dec. dietary fat intake to an average 30% of total cal (36%)
dec. sat fat intake to lass than 10% of total cal (13%) |
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Term
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Definition
| clear liquid, full liquid, peree, mechanical soft, soft or low residue, high fiber. |
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