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| The sensory receptors are stimulated by the environment and sends information to the brain |
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| The brain processes and organizes sensory information into something meaningful |
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| Process by which sensory receptors produce neural impulses when they receive physical or chemical stimulation. |
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| Minimum intensity of stimulation needed to detect a stimulus half the time |
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| Minimum amount of change required to detect a difference half the time |
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| In order to detect novelty around us, our senses tune out constant stimuli |
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| Brain has ability to focus on one thing |
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| Cocktail party phenomenom |
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| Can focus on one conversation while several are occuring |
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| What our brain does not focus our attention on |
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| Failure to see visible objects when attention is directed elsewhere |
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| Inability to detect changes to an object of a scene |
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| When one sense is simultanesouly percieved as another sense |
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| Sensory receptors that transduce taste information |
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| Genetically linked, 6x as many taste buds |
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| Actually not blindness, lack cone responsible for a given color |
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Opposing retinal processes allow for color vision,
Some retinal cells are excited by one wavelength of cone but is habited by another |
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| We have he tendency to integrate pieces of information into a meaningful whole |
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| The closer 2 figures are, the more likely they will be grouped together as one object |
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| Group objects by how closely resemble eachother |
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| See object as continuous even when intersected |
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| Tendency to complete figures even there are gaps |
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| Reversible figure illusion |
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| See one or the other but not at the same time |
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| The relative movements of objects at varying distances from the observer |
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| Distance between images on retina of both eyes, how eyes see depth |
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| Brains ability to see objects as constant despite sensory date that leads to misperceptions |
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| An illusion that makes us think the far corner is the same distance as the near corner, Making onjects look different sizes |
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| uses depth cues such as converging lines ot suggest distance ina visual image |
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| Lines look different lengths depending on the way the arrowheads point |
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| Inability to recognize faces |
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| Modification of behavior & understanding based on experiences |
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| A learned response that occurs when a neutral object is associatd with a reflexive response |
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| Physiologist studying salvation in dogs |
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| A stimulus that shouldnt elicit a response |
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| A stimulus that elicits a response without any prior learning |
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| A response that doesnt have to be learned |
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| A stimulus that elicits a response after learnign has occured |
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| A response that has been learned |
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| 1919, believed phobias could be explained by classical conditioning |
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| Consequences of an action determine the likelihood it will be performed in the future |
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| Puzzle boc, trap door, cat pulls string, opens door, recieves food |
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| Behaviors that result in positive effects are more likely to occur again than behaviors that lead to negative effects |
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| Law of efffect not scientific enough |
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| Event following a behavior that increases the likelihood the behavior will be repeated |
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| reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behaviors |
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| decrease in behavior when a reinforcer or a punishment no longer occurs |
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| Reappearance of behavior following a priming of reinforcement |
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| Following a period of time after extinction, the behavior spontaneously reappears |
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| Increases probability of behavior being repeated following administration of a pleasureable stimulus |
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| Increases probability of behavior being repeated following removal of an aversive stimulus |
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| 1/3 second, What did I just Say? |
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| Limited capacity, holds info in awareness for a short period of time |
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| How many items one can remember in short term memory |
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| Organizing information into meaningful units |
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| Connects information to existing memory strangths such as imagery or structure |
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| Branching/nested set of categories & sub categories |
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| Active processing that allows one to use different types of information |
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| Visual info & an objects features |
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| encodes auditory info such as reading & speaking |
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| Coordinate information, encodes sensory info & sends to long-term memory as well as retrieving info from long-term memory |
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| Relatively permanent storage of information |
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| remembering items at the beginning or end of a list better than those in the middle. |
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| Remembering the items presented first best |
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| Remembering the items presented later best |
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| Frontal lobe & hippocampus |
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| Cerebellum & basal Ganglia, Process which memory is enhanced without any awareness of remembering |
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| Motor Skills & behaviors used to achieve goal |
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| Process when learnign specific info |
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| Knowledge that can be declared/ consciously remembered |
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| Memory of personal past experiences |
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| Memory of facts/knowledge about the world independant of personal experiences |
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| Inability to remember events from early childhood |
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| 1953, removed parts of medial temporal lobes to prevent seizures, no longer able to form explicit memories, Could learn new skills & procedures but no recollection of it, Hippocampus removed & part of temporal lobe which caused anterograde Amnesia |
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| inability to store new explicit memories (Dont remember anythin AFTER incident) |
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| Inability to recall old memories (Dont remember anything before the incident) |
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| Process that transfers info form short-term to long-term memory |
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| LTP/Long term Potentiation |
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| Stengthening of Synaptic connections so postsynaptic neurons are more easily activated |
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