Term
| how does an object become charged |
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Definition
| Whenever atoms rub up against each other, electrons can transfer between them. For an object to become positively charged another object has to become negatively charged |
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Term
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Definition
| the object has more positively charged electrons than negative |
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Term
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Definition
| the object has more negatively charged electrons than positive |
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Term
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Definition
metals
lets electrons flow |
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Term
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Definition
metalloids
have conductor properties but not fully |
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Term
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Definition
| A superconductor is any material that can conduct electricity with no resistance |
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Term
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Definition
non-metals
do not allow electrons to flow through easily |
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Term
what does this electrical circuit component symbol look like
wire |
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Definition
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Term
identify this electrical circuit component symbol
[image] or [image] |
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Definition
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Term
what does this electrical circuit component symbol look like
motor |
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Definition
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Term
identify this electrical circuit component symbol
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
what does this electrical circuit component symbol look like
battery (2 or more cells) |
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Definition
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Term
identify this electrical circuit component symbol
[image] or [image] |
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Definition
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Term
what does this electrical circuit component symbol look like
ammeter |
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Definition
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Term
identify this electrical circuit component symbol
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
what does this electrical circuit component symbol look like
switch |
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Definition
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Term
identify this electrical circuit component symbol
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| how do you use an ammeter in a circuit |
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Definition
[image]
an ammeter is incorperated into the circuit |
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Term
| how do you use a voltmeter in a circuit |
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Definition
[image]
two parts are placed around an object connecting to the circuit
the voltmeter is not placed in the circuit |
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Term
| how do you use a galvanometer in a circuit |
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Definition
[image]
a galvanometer is incorporated into the circuit |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| measures small amounts currents |
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Term
| what is energy measured in |
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Definition
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Term
| what is current measured in |
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Definition
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Term
| what is voltage measured in |
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Definition
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Term
| formula for current, voltage, and resistance (VIR triangle) |
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Definition
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Term
| formula for current, voltage, and power (PIV triangle) |
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Definition
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Term
| series cicuit and main advantages and disadvantages |
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Definition
A series circuit is a circuit in which resistors are arranged in a chain, so the current has only one path to take. The current is the same through each resistor.
Advantages:
do not overheat easily/safe
Easy
Disadvantages:
If one point breaks in the series circuit,the total circuit will break.
more output devices you add the slower the current becomes. If these output devices were, for example, bulbs, this would mean that the brightness of the bulbs would be dimmed. |
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Term
| parallel circuit and main advantages and disadvantages |
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Definition
a circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit.
Advantages:
Every unit that is connected in a parallel circuit gets equal amount of voltage.
If any bulbs break or something disrupts the flow of electrons in one row the current is still able to pass through the circuit through different paths.
Disadvantages:
We cannot increase or multiply the voltage in a parallel circuit.
Lots of wire |
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Term
| what is a problem with a parallel circuit and what is used to fix it |
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Definition
overloading the circuit
we use a circuit breaker |
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Term
| difference between a fuse and a circuit breaker |
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Definition
circuit breaker switches bend when a circuit overloads but can be bent back and reused
fuses melt so they have to be replaced which can be costly |
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Term
| factors that affects wire resistence |
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Definition
| thickness, type, temperature, excess length |
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Term
energy conversions
thermopile |
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Definition
| Thermopiles convert thermal energy into electrical energy |
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Term
energy conversions
piezoelectric crystal |
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Definition
| Kinetic energy can be converted into electrical energy |
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Term
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Definition
| Heat energy into light energy |
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Term
energy conversions
photovoltaic cell |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
two different metal wrapped around eachother tightly and heated up
converts thermal energy into electricity |
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Term
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Definition
piezoelectric crystals convert kinetic energy into electricity
also, when electricity is put back through them noise is made (like musical gift cards) |
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Term
| difference between wet and dry cells |
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Definition
wet cell - liquid electrolyte
dry cell - pasty electrolyte |
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Term
| difference between ac and dc motors |
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Definition
a dc has a split ring commutator
an ac doesnt need one |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| difference between primary cell and secondary cells |
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Definition
primary - use once
secondary - rechargable |
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Term
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Definition
| they convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. They capture the power of motion and turn it into electrical energy by forcing electrons from the external source through an electrical circuit. A generator is an electrical motor working in reverse. |
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Term
| What id the difference between an ac and dc current |
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Definition
ac - alternating current (changes direction periodically)
dc - direct curent (only flows in one direction) |
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Term
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Definition
| a strong temporary magnet, created by inserting a soft iron core into a coil of wire and then passing a current through the wire. you can adjust the strength of the magnet by adjusting the electrical current |
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Term
diagram from generating power station to your home
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| electrical generation from burning coal |
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Definition
| The burning coal heats water in a boiler, creating steam. Steam released from the boiler powers an engine called a turbine, transforming heat energy from burning coal into mechanical energy that spins the turbine engine. |
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Term
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Definition
| heating up the environment usually water or air from powerpalnts. heated water is released into a lake or river heating it up and reducing dissolved oxygen |
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Term
| advantages and disadvantages of incandescent |
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Definition
advantages
Less expensive
disadvantages
not energy efficient
Short lamp life |
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Term
| advantages and disadvantages of halogen |
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Definition
advantages
Lasts longer then incandescent bulbs
Uses 50% less energy than ordinary incandescent bulbs
disadvantages
Costlier that incandescent bulbs
Emits a lot of heat |
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Term
| advantages and disadvantages of flurescent |
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Definition
advantages Uses 50 to 80% less energy than incandescent lights lasts much longer
disadvantages has mercury which can be released if broken |
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Term
| advantages and disadvantages of LED |
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Definition
advantages
Long life
Energy efficient
Temperature and impact resistant
Doesn’t contain toxic materials
disadvantages
A bit expensive |
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Term
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Definition
| efficiency = output / input x 100% if your number is more than 100% you did it wrong |
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Term
| adavantages and disadvantages of wind energy |
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Definition
advantages
emits essentially no CO2 across its life cycle.
Has no fuel costs.
disadvantages
impact on the landscape
emits noise.
Dependent on available wind.
Has significant investment costs. |
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Term
| adavantages and disadvantages of solar energy |
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Definition
advantages
the sun is an unlimited resource
Easy to install
A long lifetime of systems >25 years.
disadvantages
dependent on sunlight.
expensive |
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Term
| adavantages and disadvantages of Hydro energy |
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Definition
advantages
almost no emissions
no fuel costs.
long economic life.
disadvantages
significant impact on landscape |
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Term
| adavantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy |
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Definition
advantages
renewable energy
efficient
disadvantages
expensive
location specific |
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Term
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Definition
| a charge produced by rubbing or touching objects together |
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Term
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Definition
| a more correct term for static electricity because the charges are not stationary |
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Term
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Definition
like charges repel
opposite charges attract
charged attract neutral |
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Term
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Definition
rebalancing an unbalanced charge
seen as a spark
felt as a shock |
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Term
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Definition
| potential difference; difference in potential energy per unit of charge between one point in the circuit and another |
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Term
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Definition
| rate of flow of electrical charge |
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Term
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Definition
| a resistance that can be adjusted |
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Term
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Definition
solar to electrical energy
solar panels |
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Term
electrochemical cell diagram
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| energy made from a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| two different metals in an electrochemical cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a substance that conducts an electrical current |
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Term
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Definition
| discovered relationship between electrical currents and magnetic fields |
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Term
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Definition
a dc generator
direct current
mechanical energy to electrical energy |
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Term
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Definition
alternating current
mechanical energy to electrical energy |
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Term
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Definition
| used to step up voltage for efficient transmission over long distances |
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Term
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Definition
| act as a switch and a safety device in event of an overload of a circuit that can cut all power coming into a home |
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Term
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Definition
| a device containing a metal conductor that melts when a circuit overloads |
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Term
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Definition
| each current path in a parallel circuit |
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Term
| 3 different wires / colours |
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Definition
| two live - white is neutral and black is hot ground wire - plain copper or green |
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