Term
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Definition
| the ability to do work or cause change |
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Term
| What is the unit of measurement for energy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the energy an object has due to its motion |
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Term
| What is potential energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is gravitational potential energy? |
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Definition
| potential energy due to an object's height |
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Term
| What is elastic potential energy? |
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Definition
| potential energy that is associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed |
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Term
| What kind of energy does natural gas have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of energy does hot water have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of energy is created from friction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of energy happens when a turbine spins? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of energy does a spinning turbine create? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 7 types of electromagnetic energy? |
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Definition
1. radio waves
2. microwaves
3. infared rays
4. visible light
5. ultraviolet rays
6. x-rays
7. gamma rays |
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Term
| What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? |
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Definition
| energy cannot be created or destroyed |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Do forces act by themselves? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when two forces act in the same direction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens when two forces act in opposite directions? |
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Definition
| it is like adding a positive and negative number |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion |
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Term
| How does mass relate to inertia? |
|
Definition
increase the mass, increase the inertia
decrease the mass, decrease the inertia
(direct relationship) |
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Term
|
Definition
| the force of gravity on a person or object at the surface of a planet |
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Term
| What is the formula for acceleration? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do force and mass affect acceleration? |
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Definition
| force and mass have a direct relationship on acceleration |
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Term
|
Definition
| the force that 2 objects exert on each other when they rub against each other |
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Term
| List and describe 3 kinds of friction. |
|
Definition
1. static friction- not moving
2. sliding friction- objects sliding over each other
3. rolling friction- an object rolling across a surface |
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Term
|
Definition
| when gravity is the only force acting on a falling object |
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Term
|
Definition
| a type of fluid friction that occurs when object fall through air |
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Term
| Do object attract or repel when affected by gravity? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| a characteristic related to the mass and velocity |
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Term
| How do you calculate momentum? |
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Definition
| momentum = mass * velocity |
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Term
| How do you increase the momentum of an object? |
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Definition
| increase the mass or increase the velocity |
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Term
| What is the Law of Conservation of Momentum? |
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Definition
| the total momentum of objects that interacts does not change |
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|
Term
| What is Newton's first law of motion? |
|
Definition
| an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion, unless a force acts upon it |
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Term
| What is Newton's second law of motion? |
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Definition
| acceleration depends on the objects mass and on the net force acting on the object |
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Term
| What is Newton's third law of motion? |
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Definition
| if one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction |
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Term
| What kind of force causes an object to move in a circle? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How do you increase friction? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How do you decrease friction? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for force? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for energy? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the metric unit for momentum? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for speed? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metricd unit for acceleration? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for weight? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for pressure? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the metric unit for work? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the metric unit for power? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the metric unit for frequency? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is a balanced force? |
|
Definition
| equal forces acting on one another in opposite directions |
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Term
| What is unbalanced force? |
|
Definition
| when there is a net force acting on an object |
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|
Term
| What is an example of a balanced force? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is an example of an unbalanced force? |
|
Definition
| two people pushing a box the same way |
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Term
| What is the relationship of pressure to area? |
|
Definition
increase area, decrease pressure
decrease area, increase pressure
(indirect relationship) |
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|
Term
| What is the relationship of pressure to depth? |
|
Definition
increase depth, increase pressure
decrease depth, decrease pressure
(direct relationship) |
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|
Term
| What is the relationship of pressure to elevation? |
|
Definition
increase elevation, decrease pressure
decrease elevation, increase pressure
(indirect relationship) |
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|
Term
| What is Bernoulli's principle? |
|
Definition
| the faster a fluid moves, the less pressure the fluid exerts |
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|
Term
| What is Archimedes principle? |
|
Definition
| the buoyant force acting on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid the object displaces |
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|
Term
| What is Pascal's principle? |
|
Definition
| when force is confined to a contained fluid, the pressure is spread equally to all parts of the fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What principle explains buoyancy? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How do you know when an object is in motion? |
|
Definition
| when its distance from another object is changing |
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|
Term
| What is the formula for speed? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the speed in a given direction |
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|
Term
| What 2 things are needed to know the velocity of an object? |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| the rate at which velocity changes |
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Term
| What are three things that can happen to change acceleration? |
|
Definition
1. increase the speed
2. decrease the speed
3. change the direction |
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Term
|
Definition
| the distance an object travels per unit of time |
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|
Term
| What is instantaneous speed? |
|
Definition
| the rate an object is moving at any given instant |
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Term
|
Definition
| total distance / total time |
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|
Term
| What is a reference point? |
|
Definition
| a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion |
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Term
| What does a horizontal line represent on a distance vs. time graph? |
|
Definition
| the object is standing still (not moving) |
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Term
| What does constant speed look like on a graph? |
|
Definition
a straight, diagonal line upward
/
/
/
/ |
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Term
| How do you know that the planets and the moon accelerate? |
|
Definition
| They move in a circular path which means they are changing direction. |
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Term
| What does a straight line represent of an acceleration graph? |
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Definition
| the acceleration is constant |
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Term
|
Definition
| when no more thermal energy can be removed from an object |
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Term
| if you increase the amount of particles in an object, what happens to the thermal energy? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| In what direction does thermal energy and heat move? |
|
Definition
| from a warmer object to a cooler object |
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Term
|
Definition
| when heat is transferred from one particle of matter to another without the movement of matter |
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Term
|
Definition
| when heat is transferred by the movement of currents within a fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
| when energy is transferred by electromagnetic waves |
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Term
|
Definition
| an object that transfers thermal energy from inside it to the room outside |
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Term
|
Definition
| an object that transfers thermal energy to mechanical energy |
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Term
|
Definition
| an object must move some distance due to force |
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|
Term
| What is the formula for work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an object that changes the amount of force you exert |
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|
Term
| What are the 6 simple machines? |
|
Definition
1. incline plane
2. screw
3. lever
4. pulley
5. wheel and axle
6. wedge |
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|
Term
| What is the efficiency of an ideal machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a compound machine? |
|
Definition
| two or more simple machines combined together |
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Term
|
Definition
| the fixed point on a lever |
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|
Term
| Do unlike charges attract or repel? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Do like charges attract or repel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is static discharge? |
|
Definition
| the loss of static electricity on the surface of an object |
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Term
|
Definition
| causes charges to move in a circuit |
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|
Term
| How does an electric current flow? |
|
Definition
| through the path of least resistance |
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Term
|
Definition
| resistance = votage / current |
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Term
|
Definition
| a material that conducts electricity easily |
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Term
|
Definition
| a material that doesn't conduct electricity easily |
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Term
|
Definition
| a material that contains iron and creates charges |
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Term
|
Definition
| the attraction or repulsion of magnetic material |
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Term
|
Definition
| the area around a magnet where magnetic force exsists |
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|
Term
What is the difference between Earth's geographic north pole and Earth's magnetic north pole.
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|
Definition
| The geographic north pole is located in the northern hemisphere, at the center of earth's rotation. Earth's magnetic field changes over time so the magnetic north pole is always changing. |
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Term
| What does it mean if the lines of a magnetic field are close together? |
|
Definition
| there is a strong magnetic field |
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|
Term
| What does it mean if the lines of a magnetic field are far apart? |
|
Definition
| there is a weak magnetic field |
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Term
|
Definition
| a disturbance in matters that transfers energy |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a transverse wave? |
|
Definition
| a wave where particles move perpendicular to the motion of a wave |
|
|
Term
| What is a longitudinal wave? |
|
Definition
| a wave where particles move parallel to the motion of the wave |
|
|
Term
| What is a mechanical wave? |
|
Definition
| a wave that require a medium to travel through |
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Term
|
Definition
| how high or low a wave moves from its rest posistion |
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Term
|
Definition
| the distance between 2 like point on a wave |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of a longitudinal wave where material is close together |
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Term
|
Definition
| the high point of a transverse wave |
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Term
|
Definition
| the low point of a transverse wave |
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Term
|
Definition
| the part of a longitudinal wave where material is spread apart |
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Term
|
Definition
| a point where two waves meet and the amplitude is zero |
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Term
|
Definition
| the point where two waves meet and the amplitude is at its maximum point |
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Term
|
Definition
| when energy bounces off an object |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| when energy bends or changes sped due to entering a new medium |
|
|
Term
| What is constructive interference? |
|
Definition
| two waves interacting and creating more energy |
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|
Term
| What is destructive interference? |
|
Definition
| two waves interacting and reducing the amount of energy |
|
|
Term
| What kind of medium do electromagnetic waves require to travel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can electromagnetic waves travel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the electromagnetic spectrum? |
|
Definition
| the range of electromagnetic waves from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength |
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|
Term
| What is the formula for work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for speed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for frequency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for acceleration? |
|
Definition
final velocity - initial velocity / time
(m/s ^2) |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for momentum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for density? |
|
Definition
mass / velocity
(g/cm ^3) |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for kinetic energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for potential energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for the change in energy? |
|
Definition
mass * specific heat * change in temperature
(J) |
|
|
Term
| What is the formula for energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
