Term
| what is the scientific method? |
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Definition
| state problem/ gather info/ form hypothesis/ perform experiment/ analyze data/ draw conclusion/ if hypothesis supported, repeat many times/ if hypothesis not supported, revise hypothesis |
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Term
| what are the 5 characteristics of life? |
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Definition
| 1. cells/organization 2. reproduction 3. use energy 4. growth and development 5. respond to stimuli |
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Term
| what are the needs of life? |
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Definition
| a place to live and raw materials |
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Term
| what is the theory of spontaneous generation? Give 2 examples to support it. |
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Definition
| living things come from nonliving things. ex: mice come from grain, worms come from rain |
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Term
| what is the theory of spontaneous generation? Give 2 examples to support it. |
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Definition
| living things come from nonliving things. ex: mice come from grain, worms come from rain |
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Term
| what is the theory of biogenesis? |
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Definition
| life can only come from life. |
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Term
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Definition
| he found that flies could not come from meat because he performed an experiment. he took 2 jars, one with a lid and one without a lid, and put snake meat in them. he waited a while, then found that the one with a lid had flies on the lid, not on the meat. if flies came from meat, they would be in the jar. |
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Term
| name 2 arguments that viruses are living. |
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Definition
| reproduce/ infect living things |
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Term
| name 2 arguements that viruses are nonliving |
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Definition
| can't eat-grow/ don't move on their own |
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Term
| name the 4 parts of a batceriophage |
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Definition
| capsid, nuceic acid, tail, tail fibers |
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Term
| what is the method of reproduction in a virus? |
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Definition
| attachment/ injection/ takeover/ release |
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Term
| who invented the 1st vaccine? |
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Definition
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Term
| how did genner invent the smallpox vaccine? |
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Definition
| he saw that milkmaids who got cowpox didn't get smallpox. he took fluid from a cowpox sore and injected it into his gardener's son. then he exposed the boy to smallpox and he didn't get it. |
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Term
| what is the cell membrane? |
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Definition
| the outer covering on a cell |
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Term
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Definition
| gel-like material that contains hereditary material |
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Term
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Definition
| rigid wall that protects cells of plants, fungi, algae, and most bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| controls the cell, contains hereditary material, and is made of protiens and DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| contains chlorophyll, does photosynthesis, in plant cells |
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Term
| what does SA/V stand for? |
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Definition
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Term
| why is it important for a cell to have a high SA/V ratio? |
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Definition
| so that it can get more than it needs |
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Term
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Definition
| cell organelle that breaks down lipids and carbs and releases energy |
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Term
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Definition
| small structure on which cells make their own energy |
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Term
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Definition
| organelle that moves material around in a cell. Made of many folded membranes, can be smooth (no ribosomes attached) or rough (ribosomes attached) |
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Term
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Definition
| organelle up cell materials and moves them in or out of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| many similar cells that work together to do the same job |
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Term
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Definition
| a structure, such as the heart, made of many different tissues that work together to do one job |
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Term
| give 2 examples to prove the statement "the shape of a livingthing helps it perform its functions" |
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Definition
| Nerve cell-long fingerlike branches, good for sending and recieving messages/ Sperm cell-tail, good for swimming/ ER-folded membrane, good for moving things around/ cell membrane-little spaces between lipids, good for being selectively permeable |
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Term
| what does selectively permeable mean? |
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Definition
| lets some things in but ot others EX: cell membrane |
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Term
| why does diffusion happen? |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the food coloring experiment |
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Definition
| one beaker was filled with warm water, the other was filled with cold/ in the cold, diffusion was slower b/c the molecules moved slower/ with the hot water, diffusion happened faster b/c the molecules moved faster |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what is active transport? |
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Definition
| moving from low to high concentration |
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Term
| what is passive trnsport? |
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Definition
| moving from high to low concentration |
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Term
| use the following information to solve this problem: a bag is permeable to salt and water but not to salt. if the bag contains 20% salt, 70% H2O and 10% sugar, and the ocean has 10% salt and 90% water, will the bag's contents and the water ever reach equ |
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Definition
| no, because if the bag is selectively permeable to sugar, that means that sugar cannot go in or out of the bag, therefore, the sugar would never reach equilibrium. |
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Term
| photosynthesis-who? where? why? when? |
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Definition
| who-plants/where-chloroplast/when-when it's sunny/why-sunlight+CO2+H2O-> sugar+O2 |
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Term
| respiration-who, when, where, why? |
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Definition
| who-plants and animals/when-all the time/where-mitochondria/why-sugar+O2-> usable energy+H2O+CO2 |
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Term
| fermentation- who, when, where, why? |
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Definition
| who-fungi, bacteria, some animals/where-cytoplasm/when-low O2/why-sugar-> lactic acid+less usable energy+CO2+H2O |
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Term
| name all of the 9 words we should use in our essay. |
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Definition
| passive transport/diffusion/osmosis/selectively permeable/high concentration/low concentration/passive transport=no energy/passive transport=through fats of membrane/equilibrium |
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Term
| why do plants release so much O2? |
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Definition
| they make more than they need |
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