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| the total area of Earth where living things are found; the narrow zone around Earth that supports life |
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| any of the living components of an ecosystem; such factors include organisms like bacteria, plants, and animals, as well as the interactions between them |
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| an organism (consumer) that eats other animals (consumers) |
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| a symbiotic interaction in which one organism benefits while the other is unaffected |
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| all of the different populations in a particular area that interact with one another; the third level of organization that ecologists study |
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| an organism that consumes other organisms or biotic waste in order to survive; also called a heterotroph |
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| a consumer that breaks down the complex molecules found in dead organisms and waste matter into simpler molecules |
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