Term
|
Definition
phenoxybenzamine
praxosin
tamsulosin |
|
|
Term
| beta blockers-nonselective |
|
Definition
propanolol
pindolol
timolol
sotalol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
atenolol
metoprolol
esmolol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indirect acting antiadrenergic drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is different about the way PHENOXYBENZAMINE binds compared to other alpha blockers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the DURATION OF ACTION of PHENOXYBENZAMINE? |
|
Definition
| ~7 days --> bind alpha receptors IRREVERSIBLY, takes time for receptors to regenerate |
|
|
Term
| what receptors are the strongest mediators of PROSTATIC SMOOTH MUSCLES? what drug is used to block these receptors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| vessels in which part of the body are particularly sensitive to ALPHA 1 control and therefore strongly regulated by alpha blockers? |
|
Definition
| skin/mucosa, abdominal viscera, salivary glands, renal (less) |
|
|
Term
| why are patients that are prescribed ALPHA 1 BLOCKERS often asked to take the medication at night? |
|
Definition
| can cause POSTURAL HYPOTENSION which leads to brains ischemia-->fainting upon standing |
|
|
Term
| what are the adverse affects of ALPHA RECEPTOR AGONISTS regarding urination and sexual performance? |
|
Definition
-urinary frequency and incontinence
-sexual dysfunction-->inhibition of ejaculation |
|
|
Term
| what is OVERFLOW INCONTINANCE? why are alpha antagonists used to overcome this symptom? |
|
Definition
-prostatic hyperplasia blocks bladder outflow until bladder gets very full and pressure overcomes prostate pressure-->bladder only voids partially which leaves constant desire to urinate
-alpha antagonists relax prostatic smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| what is the DURATION OF ACTION of PHENOXYBENZAMINE? |
|
Definition
| ~7 days --> bind alpha receptors IRREVERSIBLY, takes time for receptors to regenerate |
|
|
Term
| what receptors are important in the production of AQUEOUS HUMOR? what drug is used to control this? |
|
Definition
| beta 2 receptors, TIMOLOL used as a beta antagonist for glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| what are beta 1 effects on the KIDNEY? |
|
Definition
| increase release of RENIN--> increased ALDOSTERONE |
|
|
Term
| what are the effects of chronic use of BETA BLOCKERS on VLDL and HDL? |
|
Definition
| increase in VLDL and decrease in HDL after CHRONIC USE (mechanism unknown) |
|
|
Term
| why shouldn't BETA BLOCKERS be stopped abruptly? |
|
Definition
| because use of BETA BLOCKERS causes upregulation of beta receptors which would cause high bloop pressure if beta blockers were stopped suddenly (rebound effect) |
|
|
Term
| ***BETA BLOCKERS cause sexual dysfunction in males with chronic use*** |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why are PARTIAL AGONISTS thought of as ANTAGONISTS? |
|
Definition
| because they are weaker stimulators that are taking the place of a stronger agonist and are therefore acting as an antagonist |
|
|
Term
| how is ESMOLOL administered? |
|
Definition
| PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION (through the skin or mucous membranes) |
|
|
Term
| what is the effect of SOTALOL? |
|
Definition
| pronounced K+ channel blocking activity --> increases QRS complex |
|
|
Term
| what is an adverse effect of BETA BLOCKERS on the CNS? |
|
Definition
| INSOMNIA is common--> 15% |
|
|
Term
| which enzyme does METYROSINE inhibit? |
|
Definition
|
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