Term
| what blocks the reuptake of NE?*** |
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Definition
| COCAINE and tricyclic anti depressants |
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Term
| how does AFFINITY change for ADRENERGIC DRUGS as the AMINE NITROGEN gets larger? |
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Definition
| affinity for Beta receptors increases - especially Beta2 |
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Term
| what is given to prevent ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an ADVERSE EFFECT of Epi on the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| phenylepherine & clonidine |
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Term
|
Definition
isoproterenol
dobutamine
albuterol |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| what enzyme converts NE to Epi? where? what stimulates this? |
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Definition
| N-METHYLTRANSFERASE found in adrenal medulla, stimulated by GLUCOCORTICOIDS from the adrenal cortex |
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Term
| types of NE AUTORECEPTORS? which are stimulatory? inhibitory? |
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Definition
alpha 2 - inhibitory ****
beta 2 - stimulatory |
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Term
| blood vessel receptors are primarily what type? where is this different? |
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Definition
| primarily ALPHA 1 (contraction) except in the SKELETAL MUSCLE where it is BETA 2 (relaxation) |
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Term
| Why doesn't Epi have a direct central effect? |
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Definition
| EPI does not enter the CNS |
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|
Term
| why does EPI provide relief for GLAUCOMA patients? |
|
Definition
ALPHA 1:
-strongly decreases production of aqueous humor -blood to the area is also decreased which further decreases aqueous humor production |
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Term
| EPI causes hyperglycemia, tremors, and platelet aggregation |
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Definition
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Term
| what effect does DOPAMINE have on the renal blood flow? |
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Definition
| relaxes blood vessels--> increased GFR |
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Term
| why are ALPHA 1 adrenergic drug contraindicated in hyperthyroidism? |
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Definition
| alpha 1 is over expressed in patients with hyperthyroid |
|
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Term
| what are the therapeutic uses of ALPHA 2 agonists? |
|
Definition
1) spinal cord spacticity-->TIZANIDINE
2) preanesthetic medication used to induce preoperative sedation and reduce requirement for anesthetic-->CLONIDINE |
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Term
| what drug causes bradycardia? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the effect of BETA 2 receptors on MAST CELLS? |
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Definition
| inhibit degranulation and release of leukotrienes and histamine-->immunosuppresive |
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Term
| what adverse side effects of BETA 2 AGONISTS relate to the CNS and what percentage of patients see each? |
|
Definition
TREMOR--40% of patients
RESTLESSNESS--20% in children
ANXIETY--15% of children |
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Term
| what drug is contraindicated in patients that take MAO inhibitors? where is this found naturally? |
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Definition
| TYRAMINE-->induces NE release into the synaptic cleft which causes HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS--> found in cheeses and wine |
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Term
| how is EPHEDRINE used clinically? what receptor does this act on? |
|
Definition
| nasal drops-->alpha 1&2, beta 1&2 |
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Term
| how do BETA AGONISTS cause inhibition of smooth muscle contraction? (mechanism) |
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Definition
| binding causes production of cAMP which inhibits MLCK (myosin light chain kinase) and stops contraction |
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Term
| what are some uses for BETA 2 agonists? |
|
Definition
| asthma, COPD, hyperkalemia, premature labor |
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