Term
| cytokines (ex: IL-1, TNF = fever in acute inflammation / IL-8, TNF = chemotaxis) |
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Definition
| ___ are polypeptide messengers from cells important in cellular immune response. |
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Term
| 1. abscess formation 2. resolution 3. progression to chronic inflammation 4. healing w/a scar |
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Definition
| Explain the healing process of acute inflammation. |
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Term
| Labile tissues (skin, oral mucosa, gut, hematopoietic tissue) |
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Definition
| ___ tissues are ones in which stem cells are readily available to replace damaged populations. They are constantly being regenerated in order to repair ordinary wear and tear. |
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Term
| stable (cells of glands, liver, kidney, most connective tissue) |
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Definition
| ___ tissues do not normally divide, but with the right stimulus they will, replacing lost tissue. |
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Term
| permanent (nerve cells, skeletal and cardiac muscle) |
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Definition
| ___ tissues cannot divide, so damage can only heal with fibrosis (scarring). |
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Term
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Definition
| Granulation tissue, chronic inflammatory cells and scar tissue are characteristics of ____ inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells of ____ inflammation include macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and sometimes eosinophils. |
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Term
| granulomatous inflammation |
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Definition
| Epithelioid macrophages, granulomas and multinucleated giant cells are all characteristics of ___ inflammation. |
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Term
| False! They are very different. |
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Definition
| T/F: Granulation tissue and granulomatous inflammation are very similar. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ and ___ is when cells are not able to regenerate. It restores strength, but not function and results in a scar. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ tissue contains capillaries, macrophages and fibroblasts. |
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Term
| primary (sutured wounds, small scar) |
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Definition
| Healing by ___ intention is the healing of closely apposed surfaces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Healing by ___ intention is healing of an open wound. Scarring is more obvious. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is exuberant scar tissue which some folks are predisposed, especially those who have more pigmented skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Healing of ___ includes osteoblasts, an osteoid and a callus. |
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Term
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Definition
| T cells, B cells and plasma cells are all _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type ___ allergic reaction is when plasma produces IgE to antigen. IgE attaches to mast cells and cross-links with another IgE. |
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Term
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Definition
| What does the "a" is C3a / C5a stand for? |
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Term
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Definition
| In Type I allergic reaction, when mast cells degranulate ____ and ___ are released immediately. |
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Term
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Definition
| Airway swelling is an example of Type __ ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type ___ ___ is when B cells mistake normal cells as intruders. They transform to plasma cells, manufacture IgG/IgM which coats normal cells and the cell dies. |
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Term
| II cytotoxic immune reactions |
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Definition
| Rh incompatibility is an example of Type ___ ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rheumatic heart disease is when antibodies to group ___ strep mistakenly attack heart tissues. |
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Term
| 2 cytotoxic immune reaction |
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Definition
| Rheumatic heart disease is an example of type ___ ___. |
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Term
| type II, pancardium (whole heart) |
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Definition
| Rheumatic Heart Disease, type ___ hypersensitivity, affects the endocardium, myocardium and pericardium... aka ___cardium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type ___ hypersensitivity is an immune complex disease such as serum sickness and arthus reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lupus erythematosus and polyarteritis nodosum are type ___ hypersensitivities. |
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Term
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Definition
| __-cells are involved in type IV delayed hypersensitivity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hepatitis B and tuberculin reaction are type ___ hypersensitivities. |
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Term
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Definition
| T-cells destroy any cells containing HBV in hepatitis B. This is a type ___ reaction. |
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Term
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Definition
| Angioedema is often a type __ reaction to ACE inhibitors. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is an autoimmune disease that affects females in reproductive years. It is a type III hypersensitivity. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ ___ causes skin lesions (plaques with pigmented margins that heal with scar) in 25% of cases. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ ___ cause mild photosensitive non-scarring skin lesions and butterfly-shaped malar rash. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ ___'s oral lesions resemble lichen planus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kidney disease is the #1 cause of death in ___ ___ ___. This also affects the heart, blood and joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ lupus is treated with topical steroids. ___ lupus is a serious health problem and is treated with steroids and other immunosuppressives. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is a chronic, symmetrical inflammationof the joints. The cause is unknown and is more common in females. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is a thickening of synovial fluid/membrane in rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Term
| ulnar... toward the ulna / away from the thumb |
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Definition
| In rheumatoid arthritis, the classic appearance is ___ deviation of the fingers. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is an autoimmune disease in females of reproductive age. Collagen is deposited in skin and organs leading to fibrosis / loss of function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Symmetrical widening of the PDL is a clinical sign of ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ is difficult to manage and steroids are not very helpful. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ may lead to microstomia or pathologic fractures of the mandible. |
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Term
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Definition
| When ___ cells are deficient, x-linked hypogammaglobulinemia, selective IgA deficiency, transient hypogammaglobulinemia and common variable immunodeficiencies may occur. These cells are effective in bacterial infections. |
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Term
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Definition
| __ cell deficiency may lead to rampant periodontitis or be caused by digeorge syndrome. these cells are effective in viral, bacterial, protozoal and fungal infections. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ ___ is when the 3rd / 4th branchial pouches fail to form. There is no thymus, therefore no t-cell production; also no parathyroids, therefore no PTH --> hypocalcemia. A patient may have face or heart defects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Combined B/T cell deficiency may be caused by ____ and may lead to rampant periodontitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficiencies in ___ cells deal with bacterial and fungal infections and may lead to rampant periodontitis, papillon Lefevre syndrome or chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Papillon Lefevre syndrome is a ___ cell deficiency. |
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Term
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Definition
| chornic granulomatous disease of childhood is a __ cell deficiency. |
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Term
| T and B (trick question!) |
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Definition
| SCIDS may cause ___ cell deficiencies. |
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Term
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Definition
| DiGeourge syndrome may cause __ cell deficiencies. |
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Term
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Definition
| x-linked hypogammagloculinemia may cause __ cell deficiencies. |
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Term
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Definition
| __ ___ is the periodic drop in neutrophil count. Usually 3 week cycle. |
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Term
| CD4 T cells, B cells need T cells to direct them |
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Definition
| AIDS affect ___ ___ cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ HIV infection has a 2-3 week mono-like illness. |
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Term
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Definition
| CD4 < ___ = opportunistic infections begin. CD4 < ___ = AIDS defining illnesses begin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Candidiasis, ulcers, periodontitis, hairyleukoplakia, shingles, herpes and neoplasia may be signs of ___. |
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Term
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Definition
| ___ can affect the lungs (p. carinii pneumonia, atypical TB), CNS (dementia, infections), neoplasia (squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma), skin (bacterial, viral, fungal), GI (diarrhea). |
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