Term
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Definition
| ODOR-INDUCING SUBSTANCE; ANY SPECIFIC ODOR CHEMICAL |
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Term
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Definition
| OLFACTORY SENSATIONS; THE STIMULI FOR THEM ARE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS; A GENERAL SMELL SENSATION OF A PARTICULAR QUALITY |
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Definition
| A NARROW SPACE AT THE BACK OF THE NOSE INTO WHICH AIR FLOWS, WHERE THE MAIN OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM IS LOCATED |
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Term
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Definition
| A SECRETORY MUCOSA IN THE HUMAN NOSE WHOSE PRIMARY FUNCTION IS TO DETECT ODORANTS IN THE INSPIRED AIR; LOCATED ON BOTH SIDES OF THE UPPER PORTIN OF THE NASAL CAVITY AND THE OLFACTORY CLEFTS ("RETINA OF THE NOSE") |
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Term
| OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM (TYPES OF CELLS) |
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Definition
| CONTAINS 3 TYPES OF CELLS: OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURONS, BASAL CELLS, AND SUPPORTING CELLS |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/3 TYPES IN THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM; PERFORMS SUPPORTIVE FUNCTIONS |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/3 TYPES IN THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM; PRECURSOR CELLS TO OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURONS |
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Term
| OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURONS |
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Definition
| THE MAIN CELL OF THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM; SMALL NEURONS LOCATED BENEATH A WATERY MUCOUS LAYER IN THE EPITHELIUM; THE CILIA ON ITS DENDRITES CONTAIN THE RECEPTOR SITES FOR ODORANT MOLECULES |
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Term
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Definition
| HAIRLIKE PROTRUSIONS; RECEPTOR FOR ODORANT MOLECULES; 1ST STRUCTURES INVOLVED IN OLFACTORY SIGNAL TRANDUCTION |
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Definition
| THE REGION ON OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURON CILIA WHERE ODORANT MOLECULES BIND |
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Term
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Definition
| A BONY STRUCTURE RIDDLED WITH TINY BONES, AT THE LEVEL OF THE EYEBROWS, THAT SEPARATES THE NOSE FROM THE BRAIN; THE AXONS FROM THE OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURONS PASS THROUGH THE TINY HOLES OF THE ______ TO ENTER THE BRAIN |
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Definition
| THE TOTAL INABILITY TO SMELL, MOST OFTEN FROM SINUS ILLNESS OR HEAD TRAUMA |
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Term
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Definition
| THE FIRST PAIR OF CRANIAL NERVES; THE AXONS OF THE OSN'S BUNDLE TOGETHER AFTER PASSING THROUGH THE CRIBIFORM PLATE TO FORM IT |
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Term
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Definition
| THE BLUEBERRY SIZED EXTENSION OF THE BRAIN JUST ABOVE THE NOSE, WHERE OLFACTORY INFORMATION IS FIRST PROCESSED; THERE ARE 2, ONE IN EACH HEMISPHERE, CORRESPONDING TO THE RIGHT AND LEFT NOSTRILS |
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Term
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Definition
| REFERRING TO THE SAME SIDE OF THE BODY (OR BRAIN) |
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Term
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Definition
| SPEHERICAL CONGLOMERATES CONTAINING THE INCOMING AXONS OF THE OSN; EACH OSN CONVERGES ONTO 2 GLOMERULI (ONE MEDIAL, ONE LATERAL) |
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Term
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Definition
| THE MAIN PROJECTIVE OUTPUT NEURONS IN THE OLFACTORY BULBS |
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Term
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Definition
| A SECONDARY CLASS OF OUTPUT NEURONS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE GENERAL BRAIN REGION THAT PROCESSES SMELL; CONSISTS OF THE PIRIFORM CORTEX, THE AMYGDALA-HIPPOCAMPAL COMPLEX, AND THE ENTORHINAL CORTEX |
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Term
| AMYGDALA-HIPPOCAMPAL COMPLEX |
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Definition
| THE CONJOINED REGIONS OF THE AMYGDALA AND HIPPOCAMPUS, WHICH ARE THE KEY STRUCTURES IN THE LIMBIC SYSTEMS; CRITICAL FOR THE UNIQUE EMOTIONAL AND ASSOCIATIVE PROPERTIES OF OLFACTORY COGNITION |
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Term
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Definition
| A PHYLOGENETICALLY OLD CORTICAL REGION THAT PROVIDES THE MAJOR SENSORY ASSOCIATION INPUT INTO THE HIPPOCAMPUS; ALSO RECEIVES DIRECT PROJECTIONS FROM OLFACTORY REGIONS |
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Term
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Definition
| A GROUP OF NEURAL STRUCTURES INCLUDING THE OLFACTORY CORTEX, THE AMYDGALA, THE HIPPOCAMPUS, THE PIRIFORM CORTEX, AND THE ENTORHINAL CORTEX; INVOLVED IN MANY ASPECTS OF EMOTION AND MEMORY |
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Term
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Definition
| THE FIFTH PAIR OF CRANIAL NERVES, WHICH TRANSMIT INFORMATION ABOUT AN IMPORTANT DIMENSION OF OUR SENSE OF SMELL: THE "FEEL" OF THE ODORANT. EX: MENTHOL FEELS COOL, AMMONIA FEELS BURNING |
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Term
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Definition
| THE CURRENT DOMINANT BIOCHEMICAL THEORY FOR HOW CHEMICALS COME TO BE PERCEIVED AS SPECIFIC ODORANTS |
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Term
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Definition
| __________ CONTENDS THAT ODORANT MOLECULES AND OLFACTORY RECEPTORS HAVE DIFFERENT SHAPES, AND THE ODORANT WILL BE DETECTED BY A SPECIFIC OR TO THE EXTENT THAT THE ODORANT'S MOLECULE FITS INTO THE OR. |
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Term
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Definition
| DIFFERENT SCENTS ACTIVATE DIFFERENT ARRAYS OF OLFACTORY RECEPTORS IN THE OLFACTORY EPITHELIA, PRODUCING SPECIFIC FIRING PATTERNS OF NEURONS IN THE OLFACTORY BULB, WHICH THEN DETERMINES THE PARTICULAR SCENT WE PERCEIVE. |
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Term
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Definition
| THERE IS A DIFFERENT VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCY FOR EVERY PERCEIVED SMELL, AND THAT MOLECULES THAT PRODUCE THE SAME VIBRATIONAL FREQUENCIES WILL PRODUCE THE SAME SMELL |
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Term
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Definition
| THE INABILITY TO SMELL ONE SPECIFIC COMPOUND WITH OTHERWISE NORMAL SMELL PERCEPTION |
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Term
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Definition
| ISOMERS IN WHICH THE SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE ATOMS ARE MIRROR-IMAGE ROTATIONS OF ONE ANOTHER, LIKE RIGHT AND LEFT HAND; ALSO CALLED OPTICAL ISOMERS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SCIENCE OF DEFINING QUANTITATIVE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL (SUBJECTIVE) EVENTS |
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Term
| TIP OF THE NOSE PHENOMENON |
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Definition
| THE INABILITY TO NAME AN ODORANT, EVEN THOUGH IT IS VERY FAMILIAR |
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Term
| G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS (GPCRs) |
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Definition
| THE CLASS OF RECEPTORS THAT ARE PRESENT ON THE SURFACE OF OLFACTORY SENSORY NEURONS |
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Term
| G PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS (GPCRs) |
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Definition
| ALL ________ ARE CHARACTERIZED BY A COMMON STRUCTURAL FEATURE OF SEVEN MEMBRANE-SPANNING ALPHA-HELICES |
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Term
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Definition
| THE BIOCHEMICAL PHENOMENON THAT OCCURS AFTER CONTINUOUS EXPOSURE TO AN ODORANT, WHEREBY THE RECEPTORS STOP RESPONDING TO THE ODORANT AND DETECTION CEASES |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SUCCESSIVE REDUCTION IN DETECTION OF AN ODORANT FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO ANOTHER ODORANT |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ IS PRESUMED TO OCCUR BECAUSE THE 2 ODORANTS SHARE ONE OR MORE OLFACTORY RECEPTORS FOR THEIR TRANSDUCTION, BUT THE ORDER OF ODORANT PRESENTATION ALSO PLAYS A ROLE |
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Term
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Definition
| THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESS BY WHICH, AFTER LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO AN ODORANT, ONE IS NO LONGER ABLE TO DETECT THAT ODORANT OR HAS VERY DIMINISHED DETECTION ABILITY |
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Term
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Definition
| THE LIKING DIMENSION OF ODOR PERCEPTION; TYPICALLY MEASURED WITH SCALES PERTAINING TO AN ODORANT'S PERCEIVED PLEASANTNESS, FAMILIARITY, AND INTENSITY |
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Term
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Definition
| FETAL DEVELOPMENT DURING PREGNANCY |
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Term
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Definition
| THE AVOIDANCE OF A NOVEL FLAVOR AFTER IT HAS BEEN PAIRED WITH GASTRIC ILLNESS; IT IS THE SMELL, NOT THE TASTE, OF THE SUBSTANCE THAT IS KEY FOR THE _____ RESPONSE IN HUMANS. |
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