Term
|
Definition
| Cyrillic (Russian alphabet) named after him, Greek monk |
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Term
|
Definition
| much lost due to fire & lack of writting |
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Term
|
Definition
| South Sweden, heading south |
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|
Term
| Why Varangi's heading south |
|
Definition
| Trade, ran into tribes in Russia (steppe), Byzantine Empire |
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|
Term
| Varangi's traded for? Where? |
|
Definition
| spice, silk, horses, gold, wine, silver. Middle East & Asia. |
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|
Term
| Varangi's traded ______ for goods with Asia and Middle East |
|
Definition
| furs, wax, honey, & slaves |
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|
Term
| Where did Varangi's live? |
|
Definition
| Between Finland & Black Sea |
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|
Term
| What tribes were between Finland & Black Sea? years? |
|
Definition
| Scythians 700BC, Sarmathians 200BC, Huns 370AD, Avars 560AD, Khazars 650 AD |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Theories of Russian origin |
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Definition
| Swedish tribes settled in area along Dnieper River, "ruotsi" is Finnish word for Swedes. Means "those who row", and Arab travelers called them "Rus'" (a tribe of Slavs) |
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Term
| Kievan State: Importance of story of Riurik (a Varangian) |
|
Definition
| Asked to rule "Rus"; Russians were killing each other and needed order |
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Term
| Kievan State: Problems with geography |
|
Definition
| no defense; lack of mtns. and high forests. Rivers were only defense. Nomadic tribes looking for land. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Steppe: ungulating, rolling, flat plains. Also, Volga River. In Southern Russia |
|
|
Term
| Kievan State: Growth of 2 major towns? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Kievan State: Walls surrounding Kiev, Novgorod, and other later Russian towns. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| God of thunder & lightening |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kievan State: Dazhbog and Khors? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Female deity associated w/ Damp Mother Earth |
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|
Term
| Kievan State: Forms of knowledge of pre-christ Rus? |
|
Definition
| Archeological evidence, Birch-bark document (9th-13th century), early chronicles, and folklore (oral, marked occasions such as deaths, weddings, seasons, and weather) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| First Russian state, 862 CE |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Dnieper River (water ways) |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Norman Theory of influence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Byzantine Influence |
|
Definition
| alphabet- 2 Greek brothers (monks)- Church Slavanic, art, architecture, and trade |
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|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Why did 2 monk brothers spread language? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: How christianized? |
|
Definition
| Prince Vladimir sent out emissaries to 4 nations to find a religion |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: What were Vladimir's 4 religion choices |
|
Definition
| Western Christianity (Pope of Rome), Judaism (Khazars), Islam (Bulgars), and Eastern Christianity (Byzantine Empire) |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: The Easter Orthodox Church? |
|
Definition
| (orthodox= correct belief) Russ. Orthodox Church, Greek Orthodox Church, Serb. Orthodox Church, Moldavian, Romanian, Georgian, and Ukrainian |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Orthdox Church facts? |
|
Definition
| Part of christian church, Eastern Branch, doesnt aknowledge Pope as leader, churches each have patriarchs |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Relations with Byzantine? |
|
Definition
| Trade and buffer zone from enemies (Polovtsians and Pechenegs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1185, against polovtsians, about role of internecine warfare |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Alexander Borodin |
|
Definition
| 1833-1887, composer & chemist, Petersburg 5, Opera version of Prince Igor (1869), and poem The Steppes of Central Asia. |
|
|
Term
| Kievan Rus: Two-fold belief |
|
Definition
| dvoeverie; pagan and christian influences |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Golden Horde; Tatar Mongol Yolke |
|
Definition
| 12th century, turkic (steppes of central asia) mongolia, moved entire pop., took advantage of internessing warfare, SARAI=CAPITOL, princes must pay them TRIBUTES, left princes to rule their cities |
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|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Khan/ Khanate |
|
Definition
| conquered during russ expansion, astrakhan and kazan (break offs of sarai due to warfare between tatar themselves) |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Khan Baty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| capitol of tatar, mongol yoke |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Ivan Kalita |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Ivan the Terrible |
|
Definition
| 15th cent. after the great ivan, the dread, brought up under boyar rule (advisors), 1st official tsar of russ., expansion |
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|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Muscovite Idealogy |
|
Definition
| holy, chosen by god, third rome |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Muscow as 3rd Rome |
|
Definition
| rome, constantinople, moscow |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Philotheus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| advisors to tsar, tried to get their views in |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Time of Troubles |
|
Definition
| Boris gudonovs reign to establishment of Romanov dynasty, growth of service gentry (work for land), muscovite societ destablished, no more legal migration, serfdom- or find new land, |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Archpriest Avvakum |
|
Definition
| burnt at stake for resisting Nikons changes to church, leader of old believers |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: BorisGudonov |
|
Definition
| last ruler before time of troubles |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Patriarch Nikon |
|
Definition
| brought religious reforms, patriarch, wanted to follow more closely to eastern orthodox church |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Old Believers |
|
Definition
| resisted changes by Nikon, didnt want to lose culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Domostroi |
|
Definition
| set of rules of how to live, religous and household, beating son. SYLVESTER |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Hagiography |
|
Definition
| the studying of saints, Kievan Rus |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Peter the great |
|
Definition
| 1672-1725, journied to Europe (1697-98) |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Founding of ST PETERSBURG |
|
Definition
| named after Peter the Greats patron saint, furthest west city of Russia (window to the west), inhabitants today call it 'Piter' |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: What did Peter the great consider very important? |
|
Definition
| Insisted on Westernization |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Effects of westernization |
|
Definition
| Brought back foreigners from Western nations; French cooks & Italian Architects. |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Pre-Reform |
|
Definition
| no art forms, no printed news, no printed plays or poetry, a system of serfdom, and boyars advisors to tsar, illeteracy, isolation from west. Europe, and very poorly developed science and engineering |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Building St. P |
|
Definition
| "here shall be town", capital of Russ. 1918, mix of odd cultures, granite-finland, marble-italy mid east, sandstone from pol and germ, and canals based of Venice |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: What did Peter Great change tsar to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Social political - westerniz |
|
Definition
| no more muscovite, aristocrocy of estates and court centered, tables of ranks according to office not birth, and Shermetev fam. had 200000 serfs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: St. peters |
|
Definition
| "the bronze horsemen" - Aleksander Pushkin, "the overcoat" nokolai Gogol, "crime and punish" Dostoy Evesky |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Peter GRT REFORMS |
|
Definition
| secularization-church removed from state, westernization-driving wedge between his ppl |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Fore reform, against reform |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Peter the Great- wife |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Catherine the great |
|
Definition
| pugachev rebell, potemkin, french rev. 1789, Radishev "Journey from peters to moscow" |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Reign of Cath |
|
Definition
| Correspong w/ french philos, french and germ. culture into Russ, expanded empire against will of caucuses (tribes), and mtn. ranges, ruled w/ enlightened absolutism, FOUNDED HERMITAGE |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century:Hermitage |
|
Definition
| 1764, largest painting colect. in wrld, 3 mill items, film on D2l |
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Pugachev |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Russia's 18th Century: Result of Cath |
|
Definition
| severe serfdom, serf. very much indentured to land owners (gentry) |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Results of Tatar |
|
Definition
| terem(tower where women lived), postal system, authoritarian rule, no travel across borders, aided growth of moscow, missed renaissance (lack of science, based philos on religion) |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: MOSCOWWW |
|
Definition
| metro to Mosc form vlad, monastic revival (zagorsk and trinity monastery), holy war against tatar |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite Russia: Ivan III (great) |
|
Definition
| 14th cent. Increased his realm, absorbed other town, absolutism, solidify ties w/ E and W, expand Kremlin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| group of assasins (attackers) for ivan the terrible, land in exchange for their actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conquer tatar, mov. to siberia (salt fur fish mineral resources), west into baltic region, northeast, seaports near sweden and norway |
|
|
Term
| TRIBES; uralic, altaic, paleosiberian |
|
Definition
| ugric ppl; mansis , turkic; yakuts , ainu |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adventurers horsmen expans into siberia, border towns, considered free, ERMACK leader |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite: Role of church |
|
Definition
| coronation of ivan terrible (pomp and ritual), BYZANTINE RITUAL, tsar endowed with sacred authority, HOLY RUSSIA (16th), no more skomorokhi (folk minstrels) PAGAN |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite: NIKON'S CHANGES |
|
Definition
| conform w/ rest of east ortho church, # of fingers, spellin of jesus, bows, cross on waffer, harsh punishment |
|
|
Term
| Muscovit Russia: growth in identity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovit Russia: growth in identity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite: Moscow as capitol |
|
Definition
| deep into russia, russian values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| effect the arts, thaw freeze thaw, more honesty in literature and media |
|
|
Term
| Krushchev: Pasternak Affair |
|
Definition
| Published Doctor Zhivago in Italy, before Russia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| liberalization, could gain independence, Hungarian uprising- 1956 |
|
|
Term
| Krushchev: de-stalinization |
|
Definition
| Secret speech 1956, stalin- extreme, couldn't be to anti-stalin, many leaders came up under Stalin |
|
|
Term
| Krushchev: What did he do? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arms and space race, not over military fight, actually started at end of WWII 1946, cuban missile crisis |
|
|
Term
| Krushchev: Great Cosmonaut |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| put up Berlin wall, put breaks on the thaw, stop literature about pruges, camps, and stalin, stabalize economy, brodsky trial, Sinyavsky and Daniel, led to samizdat, prague spring, not a return to stalinism (gulags) but writters were put on trial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| czech uprising, 1968, claim independence, Alexander Dubcek |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| money away from military into consumer life, gov. controlled economy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brezhnev: Sinyavksy and Daniel |
|
Definition
| Satire published in England and America first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Educated, workers, began samizadat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| underground writting culture, carbon paper, exchange work secretely |
|
|
Term
| Brezhnev: Dissident Movement |
|
Definition
| against policies of USSR, immigrate and get out, Solzenitsyn and his book "One Day in the life of Ivan Denisovich", Brodsky, loyal to Soviet but not to what it had manifested into, highly educated, in cities, harold urey, Sakharov |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Brezhnev: reasons for dissident movement |
|
Definition
| nuclear disaster, corruption in gov., how long can we suffer?, travel and see other "better" parts of world, beatles not allowed |
|
|
Term
| Brezhnev: key associations |
|
Definition
| dissident movement, stagnation, stabalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gorbachev: major movements? |
|
Definition
| glasnost (openness) perestroika (restructuring of economy) and chernobyl which led to glasnost |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| caused partially by honesty issues relating to chernobyl (safety of people), banned works returned, freedom, during stalin couldnt mention outlawed writters name |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| restructuring economy, cost accounting (state factories must find way to get money), prices respond to economy, inflation, IOU's vouchers, some say "didnt go far enough", change entire system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nuclear disaster, never announced, america found out through other countries, glasnost, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destabilized economy, anti-alc, reform instead of recreate, "shock therapy", deficits, prices flew up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conservative opposition, led by Yeltsin, revolt or overthrow |
|
|
Term
| Gorbachev: destabilization effects? |
|
Definition
| soviet republics want out, liberated,independent |
|
|
Term
| Gorbachev: first three to leave? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gorbachev: why did he fail near end? |
|
Definition
| nothing to rule, 15 republics no longer existed as they had, USSR was crumbling |
|
|
Term
| Gorbachev: what did he become, why? |
|
Definition
| president, communist party is no longer official gov. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Putin: why feared by russians? |
|
Definition
| prime until 2012, run for reelection, old russian authortarian rule, stalin like, system where law no longer matters, former KGB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dignity to president, corruption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| current president of russia until 2012 |
|
|
Term
| Peter the Great: reforms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Marx prediciton of communism? |
|
Definition
| england and america, must go through capitalism first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ideas and concepts put into affect by stalin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| father figure vs. oppresor |
|
|
Term
| Stalinism: why some still loyal? |
|
Definition
| fought WWII for him and his ideas, now that gone seems fought for nothing, no corruption, strong gov., and literacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| victorious but at cost of 20 million lives and 20 mill more in purges, loyal to what they fought for |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| after his death prisoners freed from gulag |
|
|
Term
| Stalinism: chaos after death? |
|
Definition
| go from strong structured leader to him not exisiting (he was everything) represented by chaos during his funeral |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite idealogy: during whos time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite idealogy: Ivan the " " |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscovite idealogy: what is it? |
|
Definition
| highly conservative set of principles, religious revival, moscow as new rome, power centralized in moscow and tsar, ritualization, church dogma |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite idealogy: domastroy? |
|
Definition
| household book, edacit, how to treat wife?, beat son to make yourself "happy old man" |
|
|
Term
| Muscovite idealogy: Peter the Great |
|
Definition
| late 17th century, country is sitting in putty, stuck in rituals, must open up country to advances in art and architecture, expanding russia in every direction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Schism: pitted who against who? |
|
Definition
| patriarch nikon v. old believers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| religous reform, match orthodox church |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| # of fingers when making cross, kneeling, and more |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| geographical area near ukraine and poland, set aside area for jews by tsars as far back as cath great |
|
|
Term
| Pale of settlment: fear of judens? |
|
Definition
| merchants, trade, and ultimate allegiance wasn't to russia |
|
|
Term
| Pale of settlment: when in russia happened again? |
|
Definition
| during brezhnev, after WWII, allegiance to Isreal not russia, russia has history of anti- semitism |
|
|
Term
| Pale of settlment: pogrom? |
|
Definition
| random attacks jewish villages |
|
|
Term
| Pale of settlment shtetl? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pale of settlment: who carried out pogrom, why ? |
|
Definition
| cossacks, gained land, freedom, and avoided taxes |
|
|
Term
| Stalinism: why chechens deported? |
|
Definition
| didnt stop and even sometimes supported nazis, liberators |
|
|
Term
| Stalinism: chechens deported where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stalinism: issues between chechens and russia? why annex? |
|
Definition
| russia wanted to annex chechens for trade and oil.. persia towards india, cotton silk and spices |
|
|
Term
| Nicholas II: dissatisfaction with why? |
|
Definition
| disengaged due to idiot monk Rasputin, bloody sunday, russo jap war |
|
|
Term
| Nicholas II: russo jap war |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nicholas II: bloody sunday? |
|
Definition
| peaceful demonst. attacked by tsar's soldiers |
|
|
Term
| Yeltsin: strength/ weakness |
|
Definition
| handling moments of crisis/ handling day to day issues.. economy in ruins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| north's men, sweden finland, trade |
|
|
Term
| Early Rus: who lived between fin and black sea |
|
Definition
| scythians, sarmathians, huns, avars, khazars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| riurik dynasty which ruled kievan rus, refused to pay tartars tribute, and sent two brothers to rule other states |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1185, against polovtsians, role of internecing warfare |
|
|
Term
| Kievan state: who wrote igor tale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kievan state: alexand borodin |
|
Definition
| composer, chemist, petersburg 5, mighty handful, "the Steppes of Central Asia" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Icons and iconography: icon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1533-1584, boyar rule, oprichina 1565 |
|
|
Term
| Early Muscovy: oprichina? |
|
Definition
| terrible time during which ivan ruled |
|
|
Term
| Time of troubles: when did it happen? |
|
Definition
| 1598-1613 godunov - romanov dynasty |
|
|
Term
| Time of troubles: what'd it do ? |
|
Definition
| growth of gentry, land for service, horrible peasantry sitch, serfdom, migration illegal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alexander Bloks warning to west? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| journey from st. petes to moscow; exiled by cath the great |
|
|
Term
| why is Alexander Radishchev work, journey from st petes to moscow important? |
|
Definition
| its depiction of socio-economic conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cossack leader who led a major uprising against the nobility and Tsar's bureaucracy in South Russia. |
|
|
Term
| importance of Ivan IV (terrible) and kurbskys correspondance? |
|
Definition
| ivan didn't renew his commision, he defected to lith, look into society at that time |
|
|
Term
| French Rev: cath the great |
|
Definition
| no influence because happened well after pugachev rebellion (73-74) in 1789, also she ruled with authortarian rule, unlike france |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| split country into slavophils and westernizers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unhappiness with nicholas |
|
Definition
| lack of dumas (parliament) and poor conditions for peasants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artists, show peasants real lives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destoyevsky tolstoy zhukovsky pushkin |
|
|
Term
| siberia east and siberia west |
|
Definition
| ural mtns and sea oklnosh |
|
|
Term
| purged under stalin, who? |
|
Definition
| jews old bolsheviks intelligentsia non russians high ranking officials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where two rivers meet, sleeping land |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nationality of people from siberia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leaders of 1917 russian rev? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| better peasant conditions and lessen autocratic power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unsuccessful left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War. Led by Stepan Petrichenko and consisting of Soviet sailors, soldiers and civilians, the rebellion was a major reason for Lenin and the Communist Party's decision to loosen its control of the Russian economy by implementing the New Economic Policy |
|
|
Term
| how many people died in purges? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what writer wrote about gulag camps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is aleksei stakhanov and why important |
|
Definition
| A miner with legendary proportions He became a celebrity in 1935 as part of a movement that was intended to increase worker productivity and demonstrate the superiority of the socialist economic system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bolshevik, marxist, and soviet politician. Initially a supporter of Joseph Stalin after Vladimir Lenin's death, he came to oppose a large number of Stalin's policies and was one of Stalin's most prominent victims during the "Moscow Trials" and purges of the Old Bolsheviks in the late 1930s. |
|
|
Term
| leaders of 1917 russian rev? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| better peasant conditions and lessen autocratic power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unsuccessful left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War. Led by Stepan Petrichenko and consisting of Soviet sailors, soldiers and civilians, the rebellion was a major reason for Lenin and the Communist Party's decision to loosen its control of the Russian economy by implementing the New Economic Policy |
|
|
Term
| how many people died in purges? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what writer wrote about gulag camps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is aleksei stakhanov and why important |
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Definition
| A miner with legendary proportions He became a celebrity in 1935 as part of a movement that was intended to increase worker productivity and demonstrate the superiority of the socialist economic system. |
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| bolshevik, marxist, and soviet politician. Initially a supporter of Joseph Stalin after Vladimir Lenin's death, he came to oppose a large number of Stalin's policies and was one of Stalin's most prominent victims during the "Moscow Trials" and purges of the Old Bolsheviks in the late 1930s. |
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| gulag labor completed what important tansportation project? |
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| "fist", by extension "tight-fisted"; kurkuls in Ukraine, also used in Russian texts in Ukrainian contexts) were a category of relatively affluent peasants in the later Russian Empire, Soviet Russia, and early Soviet Union. The word kulak originally referred to independent farmers in the Russian Empire who emerged from the peasantry and became wealthy following the Stolypin reform, which began in 1906. |
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| russian civil war = who vs. who ? |
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Definition
| bolsheviks vs. anti bolsheviks/ liberals |
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Term
| Tumarkins "the body and shrine" |
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Definition
| when someone dearly loved dies a cult is formed behind him. Lenin lives on and his rule lives on.Normal instability after death of a ruler with great power, lenin is eternal leader, a devotion to the state |
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Definition
| ilya repin, and it was a rep of russia industrializing and growing... possibly also how far it was behind industrialized countries |
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Term
| Tumarkins "the body and shrine" |
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Definition
| when someone dearly loved dies a cult is formed behind him. Lenin lives on and his rule lives on.Normal instability after death of a ruler with great power, lenin is eternal leader, a devotion to the state |
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Definition
| ilya repin, and it was a rep of russia industrializing and growing... possibly also how far it was behind industrialized countries |
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Term
| "we variant of a manifesto" vs. Man with a movie camera? |
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Definition
| The importance of completely taking a story apart to put it back together. Explaing how it is put together. It shares the ideology of the revolution of russia; cant just restructure |
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Term
| difficulties for lenin after revolution? |
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Definition
| many still felt very loyal to the tsar and the state. Also, many were illiterate and uneducated so couldnt spread effectively. Idea of revolution wasnt even known by some |
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Term
| Anastasiia Bushueva's "learning to labor" |
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Definition
| a man who works hard for state and improves his situation. It ties into the russian ideology of working for the state an state is most important as someting that is good for you. Success is through the state |
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Term
| socio-economic repercussions of 1861? |
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Definition
| emancipation of the serfs, created a class of indebted servants with very poor living conditions |
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Term
| when were serfs emancipated |
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Definition
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Term
| what is socialist realism? and its role in stalinist society? |
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Definition
| style of realistic art which was developed in the Soviet Union and became a dominant style in other communist countries. Socialist realism is a teleologically-oriented style having its purpose the furtherance of the goals of socialism and communism. Used by stalin as propaganda to spread his message of communism. |
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Term
| countries within the Caucasus |
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Definition
| armenia georgia azerbaijan turkey |
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| an Avar political and religious leader of the Muslim tribes of the Northern Caucasus. He was a leader of anti-Russian resistance in the Caucasian War and was the third Imam of the Caucasian Imamate |
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| ghosts, dark place, due to huge loss of serf (1/4 million) during building |
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Definition
| exploration in 15 and 16 cenutries, exile 17 and 18 centuries, and gulags in 20th century |
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Term
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Definition
| yeltsin, 2nd under putin, wanted to annexx for oil, chechens always wanted independence |
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Term
| hello / how is business? / good |
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Definition
| zdrastvuite / kak dela? / khorosho |
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Definition
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Term
| Gorbachev: remembering basics of marxism |
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Definition
| withering of state, classless, freeing workers |
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Term
| Gorbachev: what happened to communism? |
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Definition
Living conditions, consumer life.
Alcoholism
Lack of worker productivity
Soviet anecdote of the times: “What is communism? It is a system in which you pretend to work and we pretend to pay you.”
Economy in shambles |
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Definition
Centralized planning had to be abandoned
Enterprises could now set their own prices
Introduction of market reforms without capitalism
Anti-alcoholism campaign
Vodka prices rise 3x
Cutting down of vineyards in Moldavia and Ukraine
Size of Central Party diminished
Put into effect service sector enterprises not owned by the state
Improve material living conditions of Soviet citiz |
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Term
| Gorbachev: brezhnev doctrine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gorbachev: wall torn down, what did reagan say? |
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Definition
| "tear down this wall" 1987 |
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Term
| Brezhnev: sinyavsky daniel trial |
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Definition
| 1966, published works outside of russi |
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Term
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Definition
| internal exile in gorky, hydrogen bomb |
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Term
| Brezhnez: brosky and his trial |
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Definition
| 1940-1996, labor farming for being a poet, released and settled in US in 1972 |
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Term
| Brezhnez: jackson- vanik amendment |
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Definition
| dissident movement, 1974-present, restricted trade with USSR, permission of emigration |
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Term
| Brezhnez: what russia still isnt part of? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| crack down on intellectual freedoms, gerontocray, nomenklatura (advantages), cult personallity, travel restricted |
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Term
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Definition
| were a category of people within the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries who held various key administrative positions in all spheres of those countries' activity: government, industry, agriculture, education, etc., whose positions were granted only with approval by the communist party of each country or region. |
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Term
| Brezhnez: prague spring, when? |
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Definition
| 1968, soviets invaded czech |
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Term
| Brezhnez: afghan invasion? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brezhnez: brezhnev doctrine |
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Definition
| 1968, justifies invasion of czech |
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Term
| Brezhnez: word for prrivate markets? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cold war: definitive years? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cold war: who coined term? |
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Definition
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Definition
| communist sphere on influence in easter europe (stalin), marshall plan european recover plan 1948-1952 |
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Definition
| 50-53, n korea v south korea, comm vs capital, hydrogen bomb, us with south |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: space race? |
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Definition
| 1957 sputnik, soviet cosmonauts, 1961 gagarin orbited globe, 1961 JFK sends man to moon |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: hungarian revolt |
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Definition
| 1956, soviet troops move in |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: sputnik? |
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Definition
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: foreign relations |
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Definition
| courting new countries in africa and asia, 1959 castro gains power of cuba- associates with USSR |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: u2 spy plane |
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Definition
| incident 1960, us spy plane shot down over USSR, francis powers |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: cuban missile crisis |
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Definition
| 1962, kennedy v castro and khrushchev, bay of pigs |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: bay of pigs |
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Definition
| cia trained cuban exiles, overthrow cuban gov., defeated by castros army, in repsonse to nuclear facilites in turkey, 1962 soviets delivered to cuba, castro urges khrush to bomb |
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Term
| Khrushchev cold war: berlin wall |
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Definition
| 61-89, split berlin into two secots, allied after war, usa in western part of germany, 1949 stalin forem E german as german democratic republic |
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Term
| The Purges: also known as? |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| leningrad party boss (chief) 1926-1934, popularity reviled stlains, leningrad v. moscow |
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Term
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Definition
| high party functionaries (nikolai bukharin and leon trotsky), old bolsheviks, high army ranks (marshal tukachevsky), non russians, guilty by association, intelligentsia (main source of gov. decent), groups of people in certain enterprisses or proffesions, |
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Term
| The Purges: famous victims? |
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Definition
| nikolai bukharin 1938, leon trotsky 1940 |
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Term
| The Purges: gulag/ labor camps? |
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Definition
| source of economy; mining, forestry, industrial projects' white sea canal; 100000 died, bad work due to criminal workers, 4-5 million a year, 50 million over entire time |
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Term
| The Purges: why wasnt stopped? |
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Definition
| lack of info, ideology (state as family, love for stalin-father figure), somehow all mistake, fear |
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Term
| The Purges: communal appts and workplace |
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Definition
| terror acquired life of its own, collective responsibility, stukachi, black marias- cars to take people away |
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Definition
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Definition
| wwii, and stalins death, gulags ending in 1950s; penal colonies still existed, and birth of scoiety in leningrad know as memorial |
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Term
| The Purges: doctor's plot? |
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Definition
| all jewish doctors were secretly plotting to kill stalin |
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Term
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Definition
| wwii, and stalins death, gulags ending in 1950s; penal colonies still existed, and birth of scoiety in leningrad know as memorial |
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Term
| The Purges: doctor's plot? |
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Definition
| all jewish doctors were secretly plotting to kill stalin |
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Term
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Definition
| younger generations desire to reach out to peasantry, mid 19th century, 1874 movemnet "going to the people" |
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Term
| russian populism:motivation |
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Definition
| guilt over own sitch, european ideals, socialism, marxism, alleviate shitty conditions, landlords and serfs |
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Term
| russian populism: who were peasants? |
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Definition
Dostoyevsky “They are morally superior to any European gentleman.”
Turgenev: “They are on a higher spiritual level.”
Tolstoy dressed as a peasant.
Poet Nekrasov said:
“Russia is contained in the rural depths
Where eternal silence reigns” |
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Term
| russian populism: wanderers |
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Definition
| painters, socialist ideals of populism, 1870s |
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Term
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Definition
| tolstoy plowing and ivan terrible after killed son and red nosed man |
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Term
| russian populism: 19th century painter? |
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Definition
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Term
| russian populism: karmskoi |
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Definition
| The Forester, portrait of Mina Moiseyev |
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Term
| russian populism:Savrasov |
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Definition
| The Rooks Have Returned” spring evening |
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Term
| russian populism: levitan |
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Definition
| eternal rest Village on the Bank of a River village in winter |
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Term
| featurs of byzantine icons |
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Definition
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Definition
| angel appearing to mary, mostly golden |
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Definition
| our lady of vladimir, st george the miracle worker, the last supper, st george and the dragon, virgin of vladimir |
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Term
| icons: first secular sts in russ |
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Definition
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Definition
| monk icon painter 1360 - 1427, the trinity, christ, the apostle paul, |
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Definition
| dir by andrei tarkovsky 1966 |
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Definition
| masive domes rounded columns square base mosaic |
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Definition
| emperor justinian empress theodora |
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Definition
| steppes of central asia, prince igor, string quartets |
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Definition
| wrote about life of caucasus, prisoner of caucasus |
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Term
| golden age of lit 19th cent |
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Definition
Leo Tolstoy
--Anna Karenina (1873-1877)
--War and Peace (1862-1869) |
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Term
| eyodor dostyevksy 19th cent |
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Definition
Antisocial, dark
-Notes from Underground 1864
-The Possessed 1872
-Crime and Punishment 1866
-The Brothers Karamazov 1880 |
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Definition
| vitus bering, danish explorer for russia, alaska |
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Definition
-Taiga/conifer forest
-Southern part known as boreal forest
-Tundra: above tree line, cold temperatures, almost no growing season
-Southern Steppe: Planes |
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Definition
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Definition
| 1994-1996 russia withdras, 96-09 russia gains control back |
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Definition
Role of Shamil Basayev in 1997
--Proclaimed war as part of Islamic revolution
--Fighters from the Middle East joined in
-Ramzan Kadyrov, current president of Chechen republic |
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Term
| checen conflict: shamil basayev |
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Definition
| 1997, war part of islamic rev, middle eastern fighters joined |
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Term
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Definition
| 1917, leon trosky and once in 1905 |
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Term
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Definition
Collectivization
--Peasant resistance (Created a human-induced famine; they refused to plant crops)
--Elimination of kulaks (rich peasants, peasants who owned land)
--Beginning of Collective Farms
-Industrialization
--The Five-Year Plans. There were 13 of them
--First from 1929-1933
--Know term “shock work” (over-fulfilling-plan)
--Stakhanovite. Named after Aleksei Stakhanov in 1935. He mined 102 tons of coal in just under six hours. He was given rewards for this over-achievement
--The Arts |
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Term
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Definition
| doctor zhivago, wasnt published, smuggled into italy by billionaire and published 1957, noble prize but declined it, influence dissidents movement, work heavily censored until 80s |
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Term
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Definition
| civilians over society, Russian doctor/poet who, although married, falls for a political activist's wife and experiences hardships during the Bolshevik Revolution |
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Definition
| politcally active during thaw, samizdat movement, |
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Definition
| his songs were never overtly political (in contrast to those of some of his fellow "bards"), the freshness and independence of Okudzhava's artistic voice presented a subtle challenge to Soviet cultural authorities, who were thus hesitant for many years to give official sanction to Okudzhava as a singer-songwriter. |
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Term
| One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch |
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Definition
| story is set in a Soviet labor camp in the 1950s, and describes a single day of an ordinary prisoner, Ivan Denisovich Shukhov. Its publication was an extraordinary event in Soviet literary history—never before had an account of Stalinist repression been openly distributed. |
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Term
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Definition
Vladimir Vysotsky
Victor Berkovsky
Alexander Dolsky
Alexander Dulov
Alexander Galich
Alexander Gorodnitsky
Alexander Gradsky
Evgeny Kliachkin
Yuliy Kim
Arik Krupp
Yuri Kukin
Novella Matveyeva
Sergey Nikitin
Tatyana Nikitina
Bulat Okudzhava
Yuri Vizbor
Victor Luferov |
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Term
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Definition
| symbolized the ideological fighting and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1989. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Congress of People's Deputies. Boris Yeltsin was elected its chairman. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1974 provision in United States federal law, intended to affect U.S. trade relations with countries with non-market economies (originally, countries of the Communist bloc) that restrict freedom of emigration and other human rights. It is believed that it was a response to the Soviet Union's "diploma taxes" levied on Jews attempting to emigrate,[1] although amendment doesn't specifically mention Jews and the tax applied to all Soviet citizens, not only Jews. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| destabilized gov., ethnic issues and poverty, nothing left to rule, republics fight for independence |
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