Term
| Describe the mechanism of action of digitalis glycosides. |
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Definition
a. Increases force of contraction (musculotropic)
b. Acts on ventricular muscles (musculotropic)
c. Slows conduction from SA to AV node
d. Decreases heart rate (vagal effect)
e. Increased urinary output (secondary changes)
f. Decreased heart size (secondary changes) |
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Term
| Describe the digitizing and maintenance doses of digitalis glycosides. |
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Definition
Initial large dose to remove symptoms (digitizing)
Taken daily to prevent return to CHF |
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Term
| List the side effects of digoxin (taken for CHF and arrhythmias; Lanoxin, Lanoxicaps) |
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Definition
Yellow-green vision
Anorexia
Arrhythmias
N&V |
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Term
| Describe the types of cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats). |
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Definition
Flutter (rapid rate and rhythm)
Fibrillation (rapid rate without rhythm) |
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Term
| Describe the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers used to treat arrhythmias. |
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Definition
| Direct action slows conduction rate, prevents extra beats |
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Term
| List the anti-arrhythmia drugs that are categorized as calcium channel blockers. (also antiHTN) |
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Definition
verapamil (Calan, Isoptin)
diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac) |
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Term
| Identify the anti-arrhythmia drug that has as a side effect pulmonary fibrosis. |
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Definition
| amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone) |
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Term
| Identify the anti-arrhythmia drug that is used to reverse digitalis induced arrhythmias. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the side effects of quinidine gluconate. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the effects of administering high doses of lidocaine. |
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Definition
Respiratory depression
Convulsion
Coma |
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Term
| List the consequences of administering the anti-arrhythmic drug procainamide too quickly. |
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Definition
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