Term
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Definition
| Where was Rome established in the 8th cen. BCE? |
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Term
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Definition
| Earliest form of government |
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Term
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Definition
| Form of government after the monarchy |
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Term
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Definition
| What followed the republic? |
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Term
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Definition
| The founding of Rome goes back to the _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| The founding of ROme goes back to a man named ____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Who was the Trojan War between? |
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Term
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Definition
| In legend, _____ and_____ are given credit for establishing Rome. |
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Term
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Definition
| The people who invade Rome and control it for 100 years. |
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Term
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Definition
| What group had a large impact on Rome? |
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Term
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Definition
| The Etruscans were later known as... ____ or _____ |
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Term
| Bronze goods, they built roads, they paved the roads, drained swamps, built big temples, brought in the God Jupiter, brought in the alphabet |
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Definition
| 7 contributions to Rome by the Etuscans |
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Term
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Definition
| Most important contribution made by the Etruscans |
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Term
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Definition
| Who is known for believing in life after death? |
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Term
| the Last Etusccan king was killed by Roman nobility |
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Definition
| In 509 BCE, who was killed and by whom? |
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Term
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Definition
| What replaced the last Etruscan king? |
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Term
| a republican constitution |
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Definition
| What type of constitution did ROme form when they established an aristocratic republic? |
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Term
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Definition
| The Roman constitution split executive power between.... |
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Term
| an assembly filled with aristocrats and the wealthy |
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Definition
| Who elected the consoles? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Tension grows between social classes. |
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Definition
| What happened as Rome grew? |
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Term
| The patricians gave the plebians the right to elect officials to the assembly. |
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Definition
| What did the patricians do to ease the tension with the plebians? |
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Term
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Definition
| What were officials known as? |
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Term
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Definition
| At first the plebians were allowed to have ___ officials, but later on, they were allowed ___ officials. |
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Term
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Definition
| What right did the tribunes have? |
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Term
| their base of political participation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When facing military crisis, what was the assembly allowed to do? |
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Term
| a temporary ruler for 6 months |
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Definition
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Term
North
Gaul (modern day France) |
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Definition
As Rome grew, it expanded to the ____.
Ex: ______(modern day _____). |
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Term
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Definition
| The celtic people were called _____. |
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Term
| They established military colonies and becausse of a generous policy towards conquered people. |
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Definition
| Why could the Romans control the Italian peninsula so well? (2 reasons) |
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Term
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Definition
| Who lived on the northern coast of Africa? |
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Term
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Definition
| War between Cathignians and Romans |
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Term
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Definition
| Who fought for Carthage as the leader of the Carthage Indians? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who eventually won the Punic Wars? |
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Term
| They conquer Carthage and burn alot of it down. |
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Definition
| Two things the Romans did after they won the Punic Wars. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prominent force in the Mediteranean |
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Term
Unequal distribution of wealth
Problem of how to deal with all the conquered land |
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Definition
| What promblems did Rome experience when it transitioned from a republic to an empire? |
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Term
1. Dismantle the constitution
2. Impose a more imperial centralized form of government. |
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Definition
| Roman civil and military leaders gradually ___________________ and _________________. |
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Term
| A violent conflict and civil war started |
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Definition
| What happened when relations became extremely strained? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who worked to limit the amount of conquered land a person could control? |
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Term
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Definition
| List the two Gracchis Brothers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Who came to power and wanted to allow landless citizens to serve? |
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Term
| He wanted to allow landless men to serve. |
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Definition
| What caused the people to oppose Gaius? |
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Term
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Definition
| The conflict with Gaius led to a civil war led by whom? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who won the civil war during Gaius's time? |
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Term
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Definition
| What happened when Sulla won the civil war? |
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Term
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Definition
| How many years did Sulla rule? |
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Term
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Definition
| How many people did Sulla kill? |
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Term
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Definition
| How many people did Sulla kill? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who first came to public nature by sponsering public festivals? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who went to Gaul and conquered it? |
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Term
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Definition
| What alliance did Ceasar make that broke the romance rule? |
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Term
| Ceasar, Crassus, and Pompey |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| What river was Ceasar not allowed to cross, otherwhise, he would be considered a traitor. |
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Term
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Definition
| Who crossed the Rubicon river? |
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Term
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Definition
| Ceasar went to _____ after _______ died to make an alliance with ________. |
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Term
| He was made dictator for life. |
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Definition
| What happened when Ceasar returned to Rome? |
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Term
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Definition
| Why was becoming dictator of Rome a mistake for Ceasar? |
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Term
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Definition
| Date of the Ides of March |
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Term
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Definition
| Who murdered Ceasar on the Ides of March? |
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Term
| Octavain, Mark Antony, and Lepidus |
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Definition
| Three members of the 2nd Triumvirate. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| After Ceasar's death who madde an alliance with Cleopatra? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where was Mark Antony and Cleopatra defeated by Octavian? |
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Term
| When Octavian took control. |
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Definition
| When does Rome become known as the ROman Empire? |
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Term
|
Definition
What name did Octavian take?
What did it mean? |
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Term
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Definition
| What did Octavian control? |
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Term
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Definition
| Who expanded the Roman Empire? |
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Term
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Definition
| The 200 year time period which began with Octavian's rule. |
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Term
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Definition
| Another name for the Pax Romana? |
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Term
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Definition
| What was created during the pax romana? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where was the Roman law code written? |
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Term
Innocent until proven guilty.
The accuseres have a right to question their accusers. |
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Definition
| Two principals established by Rome. |
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Term
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Definition
| Why was agriculture so important? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Most important Roman crop? |
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Term
1. By Roads
2. By Shipping |
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Definition
| Two ways trade (or transportation)takes place |
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Term
|
Definition
| There was an increase in ______ agri. |
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Term
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Definition
| What was the Mediterranean's name? |
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Term
| Because as Rome expands they gain control of all of it. |
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Definition
| Why is the Mediterranean call the "Roman Lake"? |
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Term
| increased wealth and trade |
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Definition
| Gaining all of the Mediterrean lead to what? |
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Term
|
Definition
| As the city of Rome grew, what increased? |
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Term
1. Statues
2. Pools
3. Fountains
4. Arches |
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Definition
| Four things built in Rome? |
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Term
1. Temples
2. Bath houses
3. public buildings
4. Stadiums |
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Definition
| Other financed construction projects in the City of Rome? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What brought fresh water from areas outside the city of Rome? |
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Term
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Definition
| Best known construction project in the city of Rome? |
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Term
| They provided employment for alot of Roman workers. |
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Definition
| What was a benefit of the constructin projects? |
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Term
| Merchants allow for fine items like luxury items and delicasies |
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Definition
| What happened due to the expansion of trade? |
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Term
The Circus Maximus
The Roman Colloseum |
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Definition
| Entertainment stadiums for gladiators and circuses. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The oldest male ruled the household. What was he known as? |
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Term
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Definition
| Constant problem in Rome in the 1st century BCE |
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Term
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Definition
| Did the Romans use slaves? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who lead a slave rebellion of 70,000 slaves? |
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Term
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Definition
| Many ROman dieties are copied from others like the ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| Principal god (Resembles the Greek God Zeus) |
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Term
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Definition
| Philosophy was drawn from whom? |
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Term
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Definition
| Wanted to be universal moral standing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Who believed public duty was the highest public calling |
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Term
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Definition
| Religion that promised life after death and was popular among military |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where did Mithraism originate? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What did Mithraism emphasize? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What salvation religion did not allow women? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salvation religion that allowed women |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where did Isis originate? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who rejected worshipping at first? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who did the Jews worship as a God? |
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Term
|
Definition
| A movement within Judiasm... |
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Term
|
Definition
| This group actively looked for the savior? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who allowed members to join through babtism |
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Term
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Definition
| From 1947; forgotten scrolls used as deciphers. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Who became christians after Jesus's death? |
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Who went against Christians until GOd spoke to him and he began to preach God's words? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where did God speak to Saul? |
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Term
|
Definition
| All ______ communties were unorganized/individual at first. |
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Term
|
Definition
| What city became the center of the Christian communities? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Time period for Byzantine Empire |
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Term
| Eastern half of old Roman Empire |
|
Definition
| Where was the Byzantine empire located? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Who did the Byzantines have problems with?
aka
______ |
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Term
|
Definition
| Constitine claims divine favor |
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|
Term
| Because Constitine ruled as emporer and was involved in the church |
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Definition
| Why was it called Ceasaropapism? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What does Byzantine mean? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| What group used their apparel to show their status? |
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Term
Magnificent purple robes
Crowns |
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Definition
| 2 examples of the apparel that set Byzantine court apart |
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Term
|
Definition
| High officials present themselves as what? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Time period fot Justinian |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Justinian's wife who aided him |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who received an excellent education? |
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Term
|
Definition
| During whose rule did many riots take place? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What was Justinian's consstruction plan? |
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Term
| 1. Hagie Sophia 2. Body of Civil Law 3. Effort to reconquer the W. Roman Empire |
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Definition
| What three things is Justinian known for? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What was the Body of Civil Law called? |
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Term
|
Definition
| In what did Justinian order a systematic review of Roman Law? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What influenced law codes in Western Europe? |
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Term
|
Definition
| WHo conquered the W. Roman Empire for Justinian? |
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Term
| They didn't have enough resources |
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Definition
| Why couldnt Byzantanium hold onto Belisarius's land? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What came about around the seventh century? |
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Term
1. Syria
2. Palestine
3. Egypt
4. N. Africa |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Islam forces went on to attack______. |
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|
Term
| Because of military equipment |
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Definition
| Why did Byzantanium resist the Islamic forces? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What equipment did Byzantine resist? |
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Term
| Anatolia, Greece, and Balkans |
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Definition
| Because of Byzantine resist to equipment, they were able to hold onto what three places? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Byzantine society is reorganized under what system? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is the theme system also called? |
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Term
A general
military defense and civil administration |
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Definition
Who directed the Theme system?
What did he control? |
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Term
1. It allows them to resist Islamic advances
2. They were able to expand |
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Definition
| How did theme system help? 2 ways |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The battle where Basil defeated Bulgarians |
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Term
|
Definition
| Breadbasket at Byzantine empire |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| What were peasants promised if they performed military service? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Whose status declined as time passed? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Largest city? How many people? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Certain people had _____ on goods. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where does Banking start? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What was Constantinople called |
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Term
|
Definition
| Stadium that showed chariot races |
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Term
|
Definition
| Early on in Byzantine, the official language was_____ but then changed to _____. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Could girls be educated in Byzantine? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What did they study instead if Sciences and Medicine |
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Term
| History, literature, and philosophy |
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Definition
| Three examples of Humanity |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who forced people to be babtised and what empire? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who banned teaching pagan in Athens |
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Term
|
Definition
| What debated the nature of Jesus? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who organized the Council of Nicaen? |
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Term
| The doctrine of the Trinity |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Because of Arius which denied the divinity of Jesus |
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Definition
| Why was the COuncil of Nicaea called? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The paatriarc of Constantinople |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Who banned the use of icons? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What is the use of icons? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When did the christian church split? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Who ran the Roman catholic part? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who ran the Orthodox church? |
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Term
|
Definition
| The desire to love apart from the world to better serve God |
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Term
|
Definition
| What group did nuns or hermots serve under? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where did Monasticism start? |
|
|
Term
1. fast
2. intensive study of the Bible
3. prayer
4. celibacy |
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Definition
| 4 things Monasticism did? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who established rules for the nuns? |
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Term
|
Definition
| People that sit on pillars completely getting away from the world |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Most famous Byzantine monastery |
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Term
|
Definition
| What monastery was off-limits to women? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What did Byzantines call themselves> |
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|
Term
1. Normans
2. Crusaders
3. Celjec Turks
4. Ottoman Turks |
|
Definition
| What 4 groups caused Byzantine empire to start to decline? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who took the Southern Italy from Byzantines? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Western European Christians who wanted to take holy land from Muslims |
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Term
|
Definition
| How many years of Crusades? |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Who attacked Constantinople and rulled for 50 years? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Where did Muslims take Anatolia from Byzantine empire? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Who conquered Constantinople in 1453 ending the Byzantine empire? |
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Term
|
Definition
| Byzantine had an influence on ____ and ______. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Two Orthodox monks who brought thr faith to Russia and created an alphabet for them? |
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Term
|
Definition
| What was Seril's and Mathodus's alphabet called? |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. Icons
2. Onion Domes
3. Written Law Code |
|
Definition
| Three things that came from Byzantines |
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Term
|
Definition
| Kiev Ruler and his nickname |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Claimed to be the 3rd Rome |
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