Term
| Why did the Romans riot in the streets during the 70s BC? |
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Definition
| Because they couldn’t get enough food |
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Term
| Who is Cicero and what did he try to do? |
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Definition
| A gifted philosopher and orator, he tried to stop the chaos in the government |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What did Cicero believe would make Rome a better place? Did it work? |
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Definition
| Limiting the power of generals, give more support to the Senate & restore checks and balances on government, no many didn’t agree with him |
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Term
| A new group of generals was working to take over the government, who was the most powerful of these generals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Caesar conquered nearly all of Gaul, what countries did this region include? |
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Definition
| Much of France, Germany, northern Italy & part of Britain |
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Term
| Who were the two people that made an agreement with Caesar to fight against the Senate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which Roman general was an ally of Caesar during the fight with the Gauls, but later became jealous? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Caesar do when Pompey’s allies in the Senate ordered him to give up command of his armies and return to Rome? Why did he do that? |
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Definition
| He refused because he knew Pompey was trying to take power away from him and would arrest him if he gave up his command. |
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Term
| What happened when Caesar led his armies into Italy? Why? |
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Definition
| Roman law said that no general could enter Italy with his army, Pompey and the Senate considered it a sign of war |
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Term
| What did Pompey and his allies do when Caesar came back to Italy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Caesar and his army chased Pompey & his forces around the Mediterranean for a year. What happened when Caesar’s army drove Pompey into Egypt? |
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Definition
| Pompey was killed and Caesar met Cleopatra, she was made Queen and his new ally |
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Term
| What did Caesar do when he returned to Rome after defeating Pompey? |
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Definition
| Forced the Senate to name him dictator for 10 years, then for life |
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Term
| What happened on the Ides of March (March 15th)? |
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Definition
| A group of Senators attacked Caesar in the Senate house and stabbed him to death |
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Term
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Definition
| A young Senator, who had been a friend and ally to Caesar, maybe even his son |
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Term
| What happened after Caesar’s murder? |
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Definition
| The murderers were forced to flee for their lives, Rome was shocked, many people were furious and rioted |
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Term
| What two leaders emerged to take control of Roman politics? What did they work together to do? |
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Definition
| Marc Antony & Octavian, they worked to punish those who killed Caesar |
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Term
| What happened after Antony and Octavian caught up with the killers near Phillippi? |
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Definition
| The leaders of the plot to kill Caesar killed themselves |
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Term
| What did Octavian do after the battle of Philippi? What did Antony do? |
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Definition
| Octavian returned to Italy, Antony went east to fight Rome’s enemies |
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Term
| Who did Antony meet in Turkey and fall in love with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happened when Antony divorced his wife, Octavian’s sister to be with Cleopatra? |
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Definition
| Octavian saw this as an insult and civil war broke out in Rome |
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Term
| What is the Battle of Actium? Who won? |
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Definition
| Battle between Antony’s armies and Octavian’s armies, Octavian’s armies won |
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Term
| What did Antony do after he lost the Battle of Actium? |
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Definition
| Escaped back to Egypt with Cleopatra, they committed suicide so they wouldn’t be taken prisoner by Octavian |
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Term
| Who became sole ruler of Rome after Antony’s death? |
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Definition
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Term
| Octavian announced that he was giving up his power to the Senate, he really didn’t give up the power, but he took the title of princeps, what does this mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Senate gave Octavian a new name, meaning “revered one”, what was the name? |
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Definition
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Term
| Historians consider the naming of Augustus the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| As the leader of Rome, Octavian made many improvements to the city, name 4. |
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Definition
| Created a fire department, created a police force, built new aqueducts and repaired old ones, improved and expanded Rome’s roads |
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