Term
| Match magma type with appropriate tectonic setting where it likely forms: Cascade Mountains |
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Definition
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| Match magma type with appropriate tectonic setting where it likely forms: plutons under the himilaya mountains |
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Definition
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Term
| Match magma type with appropriate tectonic setting where it likely forms: Japan |
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Definition
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Term
| the athsenosphere is composed of rock rich in |
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Definition
| peridotite (>90% olivine) |
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Term
| as a granitic magma (wet melt) rises toward the surface |
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Definition
its melting temp will increase
it will crystalize before it reaches the surface |
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Term
| a partial melt in the asthenosphere will tend to rise toward the surface because |
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Definition
| the melt is less dense than the surrounding rock |
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Term
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Definition
| when the basalt flow is erupted into water |
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Term
| when two ocean plates converge |
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Definition
| the older plate will be subducted |
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Term
| the most widely accepted explanation for the earths magnetic field |
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Definition
| movement of electrons in the molten iron of its outer core |
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Term
| what kind of plate margin existed when the appalachian mountains formed during the Paleozoic era |
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Definition
| collision margin (continent-continent) |
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Term
| what type of volcanic rock would incorporate would lithic fragments during the eruption |
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Definition
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Term
| why does quartz develop six cleavage planes? |
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Definition
| this mineral does not cleave |
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Term
| why are andesitic rocks usually porphyritic |
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Definition
| two staged cooling history for andesitic magmas |
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Term
| diamond is harder than graphite becasue |
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Definition
| diamonds have covalent bonds between its constituent atoms while graphite has vanderwahl bonds |
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Term
| the silicate tetrahedron (SiO4) has a net charge of |
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Definition
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Term
| how does the silicate tetrahedron acheive charge balance |
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Definition
it will share electrons
it will form ionic bonds wiht available cations
it willl form metallic bonds with available cations |
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Term
| why do the terrestrial planets have so little molecular (gaseous) hydrogen |
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Definition
| the terrestrial planets are close to the suna and the low density hydrogen was lost to space |
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Term
| how many oxygen atoms are being shared between the silicate tetrahedral muscovite sheets |
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Definition
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Term
| why does muscovite cleave between its silicate sheets |
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Definition
| the bonds are stronger within the silicate sheets compared to between silicate sheets |
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Term
| what is the significance of (OH) in the muscovite crystal structure |
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Definition
| it is water likely incorporated during the subduction process |
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Term
| why does the topographic expression of the hawaiian island become progressively lower from the big island to the island lying northwest |
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Definition
| the ocean lithosphere is the lighter over the hotspot and it floats higher |
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Term
| arrange the compositional zones of the earth according to their respective density (densest to lightest) |
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Definition
| inner core, outer core, mantle, ocean crust, continental crust |
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Term
| what kind of plate margin is represented by the andes mountains |
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Definition
| convergent margin (ocean to ocean subduction) |
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Term
| meteorites are thought to be composed of |
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Definition
| materials that are simiilar in composition to those found in the solid earth |
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Term
| which zone of the earth is also described as the 'low velocity zone' |
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Definition
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Term
| the melting temperature of ____ must be reached in order for the earth to become compositionally zone |
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Definition
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Term
| why will the juan de fuca spreading ridge eventually be subducted under north american plate |
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Definition
| the rate of teh sea floor spreading is less than the rate of subduction at teh convergent margin |
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Term
| transform plate boundaries are typically associated with |
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Definition
| divergent margins when the rate of spreading is the same along segments of the spreading ridge |
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Term
| the cause of volcanism observed at yellowstone national park is similar to that of |
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Definition
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Term
| a shield volcano has a lower slope angle than a strato (composite) volcano |
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Definition
| its basaltic lava flows that have lower viscosities than the andesitic flows of strato volcanoes |
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Term
| what is the significance of the change in the direction of the hawaiian island chain and the emperor seamount chain |
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Definition
| the tectonic plate on which both island chains sit changed direction |
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Term
| which tectonic margin would tend to have deep and shallow focused earthquakes |
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Definition
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Term
| basaltic composition magma can form |
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Definition
at sea floor spreading zones
at continental rift zones
above hotspots
back are spreading basins |
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Term
| S-waves _____ as they travel through the outer core |
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Definition
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Term
| How can we best explain the fact that teh inner and outer cores are both composed of metallic iron and nickel yet the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid |
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Definition
| the melting temp for iron nickel is lower than the geothermal gradient temp in the outer core |
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Term
| what makes the asthenosphere unique relative to teh lowermost lithosphere and the uppermost mesosphere (upper mantle) |
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Definition
| the asthenosphere is at the pressure melting temp for the upper mantle composition |
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Term
| a phaneritic (plutonic) rock composed of 5% quartz, 55% plagioclase, 25% amphibole, and 5% pyroxene would be classified as ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| a plutonic rock composed of predominantly calcium rich plagioclase and pyroxene would be classified as |
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Definition
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Term
| granite contains ____ olivine. |
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Definition
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Term
Magma is being erupted from a hotspot:
What type of magma is produced atthe setting |
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Definition
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Term
Magma is being erupted from a hotspot:
this type of tectonic setting can be found __ |
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Definition
| beneath teh ocean basins and continents |
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Term
Magma is being erupted from a hotspot:
what is the main source of erupted lava |
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Definition
| partial melt of the asthenosphere |
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Term
| magmas are divided into three compositional ranges based mainly on _____ content |
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Definition
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Term
| why is there a low velocity zone for seismic waves entering teh asthenosphere |
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Definition
| the asthenosphere is a partial melt and seismic wave decelerate as tehy enter teh phase change |
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Term
| In the geologic techniques lab each group completed a topographic cross section of yosemite valley. what profile shape was indicitive of a glaciated valley |
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Definition
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Term
| in the plate tectonics lab we observed that the magnetic polarity stripes south of alaska were uni directional. how could you even explain the fact that half the magnetic stripes were missing |
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Definition
| the spreading that created stripes were subducted under washingotn |
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Term
| in the metallics lab the main diagnosic criteria for identifying the metallic mineral hermite was its _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| In the igneous rock lab we observed two volcanic rocks at the front of the lab. they were collected from ______ |
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Definition
| Hawaii and mt saint helens |
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