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| repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables |
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| indirect reference, often to another text or historic event |
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| extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things |
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| repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses |
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| short account of an interesting event |
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| the noun to which a later pronoun refers |
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| parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas |
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| short, astute statement of a general truth |
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| diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, subject, and audience |
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| leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, and clauses |
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| that which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning |
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| words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning |
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| challenge to a position; an opposing arguement |
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| literal meaning of a word; dictionary definition |
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| Greek term referring to the character of a person |
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| use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect |
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| exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis |
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| vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses |
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| contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result |
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| placement of two things side by side for emphasis |
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| Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic |
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| figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison |
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| use of an aspect of something to represent the whole |
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| figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms |
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| statement that seems contradictory but is actually true |
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| piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule |
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| Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion |
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| assigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects |
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| deliberate use of a series of conjunctions |
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| study of effective persuasive language use; use of the "available means of persuasion" |
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| patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose; include but are not limited to narration, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation |
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| question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer |
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| diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, subject, and audience |
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| figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things |
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| term used for the author, speaker, or the person whose perspective (real or imagined) is being advanced in a speech or piece of writing |
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| distinctive quality of speech or writing created by the selection and arrangement of words and figures of speech |
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| combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex |
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| central idea in a work to which all parts of the work refer |
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| statement of the central idea in a work, may be explicit or implicit |
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| speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience |
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| artful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way |
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| lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language used for ironic effect |
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| distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing |
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| construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs --often in different, sometimes incongruent ways-- two or more words in a sentence |
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| the repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns |
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