Term
| 1. The American Revolution "This revolution would shape Western history more than anyone had accounted for." |
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Definition
| The war between the American colonies and Great Britain (1775-1783), leading to the formation of the independent United States [image] |
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Term
| 2. Bastille "This building used to be a massive prison." |
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Definition
| medieval fortress used as a prison; french angry mob broke into it and killed the guards, releasing the prisoners, but found no weapons [image] |
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Term
| 3. Boston Massacre "Series of unfortunate events that left colonists dead." |
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Definition
| British army soldiers open fired on a protesting crowd, killing 5 civilian men (March 5, 1770) [image] |
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Term
| 4. Boston Tea Party "A lot of tea was lost that day." |
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Definition
| A political protest against the tax policy of the British government that controlled all the tea imported into the colonies (Dec. 1773) [image] |
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Term
| 5. Bourgeoisie "Kinda like the word 'bougie' or like that song by Migos 'Bad and Boujee.'" |
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Definition
| the middle class; part of the Third Estate [image] |
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Term
| 6. Checks and Balances "This makes sure that one branch doesn't acquire too much power." |
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Definition
| from Montesquieu, a fundamental democratic principle of American government which ensures that one branch does not accumulate too much power [image] |
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Term
| 7. Declaration of Independence "We declared independence, fought a war, and here we are now, independent of Great Britain." |
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Definition
| An act of the Second Continental Congress, adopted on July 4, 1776, which declared that the Thirteen Colonies in North America were "Free and Independent States" and that "all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is and ought to be totally dissolved." [image] |
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Term
| 8. Estate-General "Group of representatives from 3 different estates." |
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Definition
| the legislative body consisting of representatives of the three estates [image] |
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Term
| 9. Executive "Pertaining to the maintenance of laws." |
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Definition
| the part of a government that makes sure decisions and laws work well [image] |
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Term
| 10. Federal Republic "A republic where representatives are elected to vote for the citizens." |
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Definition
| Created in the U.S. Constitution, it divides the power between the federal (or national) government and the states [image] |
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Term
| 11. French Revolution "This revolution kept religion out of politics in France." |
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Definition
| the anticlerical (anti-power of the clergy) and republican revolution in France from 1789 until 1799, when Napoleon seized power [image] |
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Term
| 12. Judicial "Pertaining to the law." |
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Definition
| relating to the law, judges, or their decisions [image] |
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Term
| 13. Judicial Review "Power to analyze decisions made by other branches." |
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Definition
| Power of courts to review decisions of another department or level of government [image] |
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Term
| 14. Legislature "This is stating laws into existence." |
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Definition
| an institution that has the power to make or change laws [image] |
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Term
| 15. Limited Power "Literal limited power, as in there is a cap to how much power one has over something in government." |
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Definition
| a type of government in which its functions and powers are prescribed, limited, and restricted by law [image] |
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Term
| 16. Louis XVI "He was a rather weak king, however he brought to light the issues people had with the throne." |
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Definition
| well-meaning but weak and indecisive French ruler who inherited the throne deeply in debt; summoned the Estates-General together for the first time in 175 yrs, where citizens aired grievances and ultimately created the National Assembly [image] |
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Term
| 17. National Assembly "A group of angry people from the Third Estate." |
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Definition
| created by the disgruntled delegates of the french Third Estate, joined by reform-minded clergy and nobles [image] |
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Term
| 18. Popular sovereignty "Power derived through the consent of the people." |
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Definition
| all government power comes from the people [image] |
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Term
| 19. Separation of Powers "The division of power between congress, the Supreme Court, and the President." |
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Definition
| division of governmental authority among the three branches of government: executive, legislative, and judicial branch. The US Constitution uses this principle in setting up the presidency, the Congress, and the courts [image] |
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Term
| 20. Stamp Act "A law imposed by the king that taxed all paper documents on their stamps." |
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Definition
| a law passed by the British Parliament requiring all publications and legal and commercial documents in the American colonies to bear a tax stamp (1765) [image] |
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Term
| 21. Tennis Court Oath "An oath to literally meet in a tennis court while the National Assembly was locked out of their building." |
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Definition
| when the new National Assembly was locked out of their meeting hall, they assembled in a nearby tennis court, where they swore to meet until a Constitution was established [image] |
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Term
| 22. Treaty of Paris "This treaty ended the American Revolution." |
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Definition
| American, French, and British diplomats signed this treaty that ended the Revolutionary war and Britain recognized the independence of the United States of America (1783) [image] |
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Term
| 23. U.S. Constitution "This document lists the rules we abide by as citizens of the U.S." |
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Definition
| document that replaced the Articles of Confederation, defined the system of government in the newly established America and contains additional amendments when ratified (1787) [image] |
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Term
| 24. Yorktown, Virginia "This town is where the British were forced to surrender, thus ending the American Revolution." |
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Definition
| Where G. Washington forces the surrender of the British army, thereby ending the American Revolutionary war (1781) [image] |
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