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| a crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower |
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| a man of mixed race, esp. the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian |
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| a person of mixed white and black ancestry, esp. a person with one white and one black parent. |
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| Latin-American of mixed indigenous and African ancestry |
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| originally born in Europe, but now lives in the New World |
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| a person of mixed European and black descent, esp. in the Caribbean. |
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| a person of mixed American Indian and Euro-American ancestry, in particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century |
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| was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers |
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| life, liberty, and property |
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popular soverignty
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| he principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power. |
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| French Enlightenment thinkers usually applied to themselves |
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| American silversmith remembered for his midnight ride (celebrated in a poem by Longfellow) to warn the colonists in Lexington and Concord that British troops were coming (1735-1818) |
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| information, esp. of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. |
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| was a political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boston, on December 16, 1773. |
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| n act of the British Parliament in 1756 that exacted revenue from the American colonies by imposing a stamp duty on newspapers and legal and commercial documents. Colonial opposition led to the act's repeal in 1766 and helped encourage the revolutionary movement against the British Crown. |
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| minimum of two Acts of British Parliament in the 18th century. Parliament enacted them to order local governments of the American colonies to provide the British soldiers with any needed accommodations. |
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| making more effectual Provision for the Government of the Province of Quebec in North America. |
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American Revlution
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| The war of 1775–83 in which the American colonists won independence from British rule. Called in Britain the War of American Independence. |
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Constitutional Convention of 1787
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| to address problems in governing the United States of America, which had been operating under the Articles of Confederation following independence from Great Britain. |
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French Revolution
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| began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799. |
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| the French national legislature |
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National Assembly
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| formed by representatives of Third Estate |
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Tennis Court Oath
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| was a pivotal event during the first days of the French Revolution. The Oath was a pledge signed by 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estates-General |
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French Constitution of 1791
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| first written constitution in France, created after the collapse of the Absolute Monarchy of the Ancien Régime |
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| a machine with a heavy blade sliding vertically in grooves, used for beheading people. |
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Maximillian Roberpierre
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| was a French lawyer and politician, and one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution. |
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Napoleon Bonaparte
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| French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the latter stages of the French Revolution and its associated wars in Europe he was Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814. |
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Conservatism (republican)
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| Conservatives believe that the implementation of change should be minimal and gradual; they appreciate history and are more realistic than idealistic. |
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Liberalism (democrat)
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| Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality. |
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Congress of Vienna
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| conference of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, and held in Vienna from September 1814 to June 1815. |
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Haitian Revolution
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| 1791–1804) was a slave revolt in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, which culminated in the elimination of slavery |
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| French term meaning "people of color. |
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| a member of any of various communities in parts of the Caribbean who were originally descended from escaped slaves. |
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| slave who was one of the most visible early leaders of the Haitian Revolution. |
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| nicknamed The Black Napoleon, was the leader of the Haitian Revolution. |
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| leader of the Mexican War of Independence. |
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| Venezuelan statesman who led the revolt of South American colonies against Spanish rule; founded Bolivia in 1825 (1783-1830) |
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| American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. This was one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution |
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| German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898) |
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| a machine for separating cotton from its seeds. |
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interchangeable parts
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| They are made to specifications that ensure that they are so nearly identical that they will fit into any assembly of the same type. |
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| American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production. Known for Model T |
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| a series of workers and machines in a factory by which a succession of identical items is progressively assembled. |
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| is a financial institution that facilitates the buying and selling of financial securities between a buyer and a seller. |
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| the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service. |
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vertical organization
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| An organization whose members look up to bosses instead of out to customers. |
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John D. Rockefeller
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| oil industry (standard oil A.K.A Chevron) |
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horizontal integration
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| a strategy where a company creates or acquires production units for outputs which are alike - either complementary or competitive. |
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