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| James Hargreaves invented: |
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| What did the spinning jenny do? |
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| An economic system based on industrial production it created the industrial middle class |
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| The steam engine which enabled the engine to use coal and not water |
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| Benefits of using coal for the steam engine: |
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Definition
| Didn't need to be near a power source |
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Definition
first paddle-wheel steam boat named
Clermont |
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Term
| Who wrote the Communist Manifesto? |
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Definition
| Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels |
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Term
| What was a driving force according to Karl Marx? |
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Definition
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| Who controlled the means of production according to Karl Marx? |
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Definition
| "Haves" (as opposed to "have-nots) |
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Definition
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| What did Thomas Malthus predict? |
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Definition
| Population will outpace food |
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Term
| What economic policy did Thomas Malthus support? |
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Term
| Who was most influential at the Congress of Vienna? |
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Term
| What did Klemens von Metternich believe in? (2 things) |
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Definition
- Conservatism
- Restoring monarchs in Europe |
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Term
| What did John Stuart Mill want? (2 things) |
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Definition
- government should improve lives of working class
-working class should have the right to vote |
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Term
| Who was the president of the Second Republic |
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Definition
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| What did Louis-Napoleon rebuild? |
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Definition
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Term
| What title did Louis-Napoleon assume? |
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Definition
| Napoleon III, emperor of France |
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Term
| What was the main focus of Otto von Bismarck's speech? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Otto von Bismarck's title? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who became king of Italy in 1861? |
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Term
| Name for a German emperor |
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Definition
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| The stuff a business needs to stay in business |
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Term
| Which was faster, cottage industry or assembly line? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which produced more goods, cottage industry or assembly line? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which made higher quality goods, cottage industry or assembly line? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which featured a person who made an entire product start to finish, cottage industry or assembly line? |
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Term
| What was another name for crude iron? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the process of puddling? |
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Definition
| Coke (derived from coal) used to burn away impurities in crude iron |
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Term
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Definition
| To produce an iron of higher quality |
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Term
| What two cities did the first railroad in Great Britain link? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why was the Stamp Act put into place? |
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Definition
| Britain needed money to pay off debts from the French and Indian war |
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Term
| What did the Stamp Act tax? |
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Definition
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Term
| Effects of the Stamp Act: |
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Definition
| Colonists became annoyed that they were being taxed on something they used every day (paper products) and were also irritated that they had no representation in Parliament to vote against the act. (No taxation without Representation) |
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Term
| Who owns the means of production (factories and utilities) in a socialist society? |
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Definition
| Society (usually government) |
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Term
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Definition
| Based on tradition and a belief in the value of social stability |
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Term
| Who were the great powers after the defeat of Napoleon? |
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Definition
| Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, and Russia (later on France) |
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Term
| Who did the great powers restore to the throne after Napoleon died? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of religion did conservatives like? |
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Term
| Principle of Intervention: |
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Definition
| great powers had the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate monarchy to their thrones. |
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Term
| Which great power did not accept the principle of intervention? |
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Definition
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Definition
| The industrial middle class |
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Term
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Definition
| The industrial working class |
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Term
| Who coined the term proletariat? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| people should be as free as possible from government restraint |
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Term
| What did liberalism aim to protect? |
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Definition
| Civil liberties (basic rights of all people) |
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Term
| What do civil liberties include? |
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Definition
-equality before the law
-freedom of press, assembly, and speech |
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Term
| Who did liberals think should have the right to vote? |
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Definition
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Term
| What group of people was liberalism tied to? |
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Definition
| Industrial middle-clas men |
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Term
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Definition
| People identifying themselves as part of a nation rather than to a king or town/region |
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Term
| When did nationalism become popular? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was nationalism a threat to? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What was the cause of the Crimean War? |
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Definition
| Russia wanted control over a warm-water port in Constantinople |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Count Camillo Cavour do? (2 -things) |
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Definition
-led Sardinia in Crimean War
-made a deal with Napoleon III that if Italy and Austria went to war, France would support Italy |
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Term
| What did Giuseppe Garibaldi do? (2 things) |
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Definition
Won control of Sicily
Formed "Red Shirt" army |
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Term
| What did Nicholas I do? (2 things) |
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Definition
-Went against Alexander I's policies
-Switched Russia to autocracy |
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Term
| 3 things Alexander II did? |
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Definition
-Lost Crimean War
-Abolished serfdom
-Made military and educational reforms |
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Term
| What war was Nicholas II involved in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Giuseppe Garibaldi want? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the leader of Russia during the Decembrist revolt? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Basically an absolute monarchy. Why is this a separate vocab word. |
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Term
| Who was the last Russian Emperor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was Russia's emperor during Bloody Sunday? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1000's of Russians went to the Winter Palace, where Nicholas II had his army fire into the crowd. |
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Term
| Who fought in the Crimean War, and who won? |
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Definition
| Russia lost against Britain, France, and the Ottoman Empire |
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Term
| Why did the Industrial Revolution start in Britain? |
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Definition
-large colonial empire
-power of the sea
-already had agricultural revolution
-political stability
-government support
-natural resources
-growth of private investment
-abundance of capital |
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Term
| How did Otto von Bismarck unite Germany? (3 things) |
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Definition
-Wars
-Built up military
-Alliance with Austria |
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Term
| Who did Bismarck target as the Iron Chancellor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Bismarck target Catholics? |
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Definition
| Feared their loyalty to the Pope surpassed their loyalty to him |
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Term
| Why did Bismarck target Socialists? |
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Definition
| Feared revolution from them |
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Term
| Why were the north and south divided in Italy? |
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Definition
| North = Rich, South = Poor |
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Term
| Why were Italy and the Catholic Church irritated with each other? |
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Definition
Italy wanted to change the Church
(lolz @ alliteration) |
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Term
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Definition
| A constitutional monarchy |
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Term
| How many men could vote in Italy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the anarchists in Italy doing? |
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Definition
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Term
| Issues with economy in Italy? (2) |
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Definition
-lack of natural resources
-many farmers left for America |
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Term
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Definition
| Parliament sectioned off land into large plantations, so lots of farmers had to go to the city to find jobs |
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Definition
| People wanting to get rid of slavery |
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Definition
| government by military control; reliance on military strength |
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Definition
| Right of ALL males to vote in elections |
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Term
| Who did Karl Marx think would win if there was a revolution? |
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Definition
| Poor would overthrow rich |
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