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| he arithmetic average of a distribution, obtained by adding the scores and then dividing by the number of scores. |
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| the most frequently occurring score in a distribution; it is the simplest measure of central tendency to determine. |
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| the middle score in a distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it. |
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| why do we use a random sample? |
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| Since researchers can't study every person in the world that is of interest to them, they need to study a subset of this entire population, also known as a sample. Then, people are picked from this sample "at random" to participate in the study. It is hoped that the random sample will be representative of the entire population. Often researchers use random numbers table to help them pick participants at random |
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| the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. (Also known as the I-knew-it-all along phenomenon.) |
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| the factor being manipulated and tested by the investigator. |
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| the factor being measured by the investigator. |
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| Coefficient is .1 or .2 or .3 |
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| Coefficient is .7 or .8 or .9 |
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| The subgroup of the sample that receives the treatment or independent variable |
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| The comparison group; the subgroup of the sample that is similar to the experimental group in every way except for the presence of the independent variable |
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| A physical or psychological treatment given to the control group that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group, but that contains no active ingredient |
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| Seeing a correlation when it is not there |
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Branched end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters
- It sends the neurotransmitters to the receiving neuron's dendrites
Neurotransmitters |
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| the fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres, enabling them to communicate |
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| peripheral nervous system |
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-all the nerves in your body other than the brain and spinal cord; all nerves not encased in bone
-divided int two categories: somatic and autonomic |
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| parasympathetic nervous system |
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-responsible for slowing down the body after a stress response
-carries messages to stress response system that causes body to slow down
Endocrine System |
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| a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task |
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| function of pituitary gland |
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-endocrine system's master gland
-influenced by hypothalamus
-regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands |
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| the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. the heritability of a trait may vary, depending on the range of populations and environments studied |
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| -input fibers that carry electrical signals into a neuron from connected cells. |
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| in the frontal lobe, in the left hemisphere; directs muscle movements involved in speech |
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| voluntary movement and balance |
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| visual areas, receives visual information from the opposite fields |
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| part of the limbic system; involved in memory |
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| parts of the cerebral cortex not involved in primary motor or sensory functions; involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking & speaking |
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| mimics or intensifies action of NT(neuro transmister) |
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| opposes or blocks action of NT |
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| what are the 2 main chemical elements in action potential? |
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| describe the "all or nothing" response of a neuron |
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Definition
The fact that neurons fire down the complete length of the cell if a sufficient level of excitatory impulses are received
or
A biological law that states an action potential occurs either at full strength or not at all. |
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| the raw data of experience; sensory stimulation; example are eyes only register light energy and ears only register wave energy |
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| the mental process of sorting, identifying, and arranging raw sensory data into meaningful patterns; Ex. how we distinguish between music and crying, how we take light and form a tree |
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| the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. |
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| the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time |
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| much of perception is shaped by innate factors built ino the brain; "whole" |
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| a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus ("signal") amid background stimulation ("noise"). Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and detection depends partly on a person's experience, expectations, motivation, and level of fatigue. |
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| visual stimuli organisation of continuity |
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