Term
| defined regions in an atom where electrons are found. |
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Definition
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Term
| orbitals define the exact position of an electron (T/F) |
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Definition
| False - they define only the probability of finding it in a region |
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Term
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Definition
| quality of water that gives it its cohesive characteristic. |
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Term
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Definition
| containing both a polar and nonpolar region. |
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Term
| define tertiary structure |
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Definition
| the actual three dimensional structure of the polypeptide chain. |
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Term
| Name the 5 interactions involved to form a polypeptides 3D structure |
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Definition
| polar/nonpolar interxns, H-bonds, VdW Forces, Ionic Interxns, Disulfide Bonds |
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Term
| describe polar/nonpolar interxns involved in protein folding. |
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Definition
| nonpolar/hydrophobic aa's point inward to shield themselves from water and polar/hydrophilic point outwards to interact w/ the water. |
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Term
| define subunit of quaternary structure of protein |
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Definition
| a unit of polypeptide chain in a protein that contains >2 polypeptides. |
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Term
| give an example of a prosthetic group involved in proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| function of almost all proteins based on their… |
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Definition
| specific binding of other molecules (ie - binding sites). Usually, proteins have a ligand that binds to a specific portion (like a "lock and key") of the protein that "activates" the function of the protein. This is especially true for enzymes. (eg - antigen + aby/T-Cell) |
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Term
| Describe allosteric regulation |
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Definition
| regulatory molecule binds to site other than catalytic site. This causes the protein to undergo a conformational change which turns on OR off the catalytic site. (neg OR pos allosteric regulation) |
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Term
| What is protein kinase and its roll in protein regulation |
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Definition
| PK transfers a P group from ATP to the protein and thereby activating it. |
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Term
| What is protein phosphatase and its roll in protein regulation |
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Definition
| removes a P group thereby returning a protein to its natural state. |
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Term
| T/F - if GDP is bound to a GTP binding protein, it will activate it. |
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Definition
| False, these proteins are active only if GTP is bound. If GDP is bound, reactivation is not completed by adding a P group. It is done by completely replacing the GDP wth GTP. |
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Term
| What type of protein does a fibroblast release? |
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Definition
| COLLAGEN and other proteins that provide structural support. |
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Term
| Describe the fate of a protein from mRNA to exocytosis. |
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Definition
| mRNA is read at the ribosome and synthesized. Once the first AA (called the "signal sequence") is made, synthesis is halted until the ribosome docks at the rough ER. Synthesis continues with correct folding facilitated by structures within the RER. After the pp is done synthesizing, the signal sequence is cleaved off, and the remaining pp it's shuttled to the golgi apparatus in vesicles where it is modified (eg - addition of CHO ["glycosylation"]), sorted, and most importantly... packaged for cell secretion. From the Golgi app, the protein is shuttled to the plasma membrane is "secretion vesicles" and exocytosed. |
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Term
| After extracellular contents are endocytosed, they fuse with a larger, membranous structure called… |
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Definition
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