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Definition
| the part inside your mouth where the passages of the nose connect to your mouth and throat |
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| the part of your throat that contains the vocal cords |
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Definition
| the upper part of the pharynx continuous with the nasal passages |
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Definition
| the part of the pharynx that is below the soft palate and above the epiglottis and is continuous with the mouth |
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Definition
| the laryngeal part of the pharynx extending from the hyoid bone to the lower margin of the cricoid cartilage |
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Definition
| the pair of openings of the nose or nasal cavity |
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Definition
| either of the external nares; broadly : either of the nares with the adjoining passage on the same side of the septum |
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Definition
| the bony and cartilaginous partition between the nasal passages |
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Definition
| of, relating to, or being a nasal concha |
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Definition
| the largest and deepest concavity of the external ear |
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Definition
| a cavity in the substance of a bone of the skull that usually communicates with the nostrils and contains air |
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Definition
| the main trunk of the system of tubes by which air passes to and from the lungs that is about four inches long and somewhat less than an inch in diameter, extends down the front of the neck from the larynx, divides in two to form the bronchi, has walls of fibrous and muscular tissue stiffened by incomplete cartilaginous rings which keep it from collapsing: also called "windpipe" |
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Definition
| either of the two primary divisions of the trachea that lead respectively into the right and the left lung |
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Definition
| saccular organs that constitute the basic respiratory organ of air-breathing vertebrates, that normally occupy the entire lateral parts of the thorax |
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Definition
| any of the small thin-walled air-containing compartments of the lung that are typically arranged in saclike clusters into which an alveolar duct terminates and from which respiratory gases are exchanged with the pulmonary capillaries |
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Definition
| inspiratory muscle; attaches to the lower ribs, as well as to the lumbar vertebrae of the spine. When the diaphragm contracts, the dome flattens, moving downward into the abdominal cavity like a piston creating negative pressure (like a syringe barrel) |
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Term
| intercostal muscles (expiratory and inspiratory) |
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Definition
| Intercostal muscle contraction also brings about stiffening of the rib cage during lifting, pushing, and pulling movements, which makes the intercostal muscles an important contributor to these movements. |
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Term
| external and internal obliques |
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Definition
| When these muscles contract, they pull the lower rib margins downward, and they compress the abdominal compartment, raising its internal pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
scalene, sternomastoid, and trapezium
Scalene is the first muscle to start contracting and gradually other two muscles are brought into action; this muscle contraction is abnormal usually indicating shortness of breath |
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Term
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Definition
| the volume of the air that passes in and out of the lungs in an ordinary breath |
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Term
| functional residual capacity |
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Definition
| the amount of air remaining at the end of normal quiet respiration. |
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Definition
| the total volume of gas in liters exhaled from the lungs per minute |
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Definition
| the effort required to inspire air into the lungs |
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Definition
| neural receptors that respond to some local chemical change which influence the respiratory and cardiovascular control centres in the brain stem |
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Definition
| one of a pair of nerves that arises from cervical spinal roots and passes down the thorax to innervate the diaphragm and control breathing |
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Definition
| a widening of the lumen of the bronchi, allowing increased airflow to and from the lungs |
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Definition
| Pressure within the thoracic cage |
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Term
| oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve |
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Definition
| a graphic expression of the affinity between oxygen and hemoglobin or of the amount of oxygen chemically bound at equilibrium to the hemoglobin in blood as a function of oxygen pressure. The curve also includes the pH, temperature, and carbon dioxide pressure. |
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Definition
| Gas exchange between blood and air (external respiration). Gas transport in blood. Gas exchange between the blood and body cells (internal respiration) |
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Definition
| the process of increasing the relative humidity of the atmosphere around a patient through the use of aerosol generators or steam inhalers that exert an antitussive effect. Humidification acts by decreasing the viscosity of bronchial secretions, whereas added medications or sodium chloride may stimulate coughing by an irritant effect |
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Term
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Definition
| Hering–Breuer reflexes are reactions that produced by the body cells purposely to regulate the rhythmic ventilation of the lungs to prevent over-inflation and overdistention of the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
symbol for partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood
ABG Normal Value-35 to 45 mmHg |
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Term
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Definition
symbol for partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood
ABG Normal Value-80 to 100 mmHg |
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Term
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Definition
A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution, numerically equal to 7 for neutral solutions, increasing with increasing alkalinity and decreasing with increasing acidity
ABG Normal Value- 7.35 to 7.45 |
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Term
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Definition
the most important buffer in the blood, it is regulated by the kidney, which excretes it in excess and retains it when needed; it increases with ingestion of excess anti-acids, diuretics and steroids; it is decreased with diarrhoea, liver disease, renal disease and chemical poisoning
ABG Normal Value-22 to 26mEq/L |
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Term
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Definition
the saturation level of oxygen in hemoglobin
ABG Normal Values-93 to 100% |
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