Term
| characteristics of an asthmatic lung: |
|
Definition
| inflammation, lower airway obstrucion, airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling |
|
|
Term
| the airways are no longer calm |
|
Definition
| airway hyperresponsiveness |
|
|
Term
| so you grow out of asthma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| early reaction & late reation |
|
|
Term
| how long does the acute phase of asthma last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long does it take before the late phase response occurs? |
|
Definition
| about 4-6 hours after the 1st response and lasts about 6 hours |
|
|
Term
| when does remodeling occur? |
|
Definition
| during the late-phase response |
|
|
Term
| this is the 4th leading cause of death in the USA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| medications used for quick asthma relief |
|
Definition
| corticosteroids, short-acting B2 agonists, methylxanthines, anticholinergics |
|
|
Term
| medications used in long term control of asthma |
|
Definition
| inhaled corticosteroids, cromolyns, leukotrine modifiers, long acting B2 agonists, sustained release methylxanthines, antagonism of IgE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| epinephrine, ephedrine (may cause cardiac arrythmias) |
|
|
Term
| safer short term B agonists |
|
Definition
| terbutaline, albuterol, biolterol, levalbuterol |
|
|
Term
| what is the duration of action for the B2 beta receptor agonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| long-acting beta agonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypotension, hypertension, vascular headaches, tremors, tolerance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inhibit phosphodiasterase which leads to smooth mucsle relaxation and inhibits the release from mast cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| natural forms of methylxanthines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| synthetic methylxanthines |
|
Definition
| aminophyline, dyphilline, oxtriphyline |
|
|
Term
| things that increase clearance of methylxanthines |
|
Definition
| smoking, high protein low carb diets, bbq, age |
|
|
Term
| things that cause decreased clearance of methylxanthines |
|
Definition
| congestive heart failure, liver disease, pneumonia, viral infection, high-carbohydrated diet |
|
|
Term
| atropine, ipatropium, tiotropium |
|
Definition
| muscarinic cholinergic antagonists |
|
|
Term
| what are muscarinic cholinergic antagonists usually prescribed for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side effects of muscarinic cholinergic antagonists |
|
Definition
| bitter taste, dryness of mouth and airway, headache. |
|
|
Term
| these drugs can actually modify gene transcription of inflammatory genes and increases transcription of anti inflammatory genes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| these corticosteroids are prodrugs and have the fewest side effects |
|
Definition
| beclomethasone, ciclesonide |
|
|
Term
| triamcinoline, fluticasone, budesonide, flunisolide, mometasone, beclomethasone, ciclesonide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| these are stabilizing medications and must be taken before any reaction occurs. They inhibit cl channels and block inflammatory mediators |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long does it take for a cromolyn to become effective? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cromolyn is given to what age groups? and nedocromil is given to what age group? |
|
Definition
| children; people older than 12 |
|
|
Term
| leukotriene-synthesis inhibitor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leukotriene receptor antagonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long is the duration for leukotriene modifiers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| severe side effect of Leukotriene Modifiers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which class of asthma drugs has the most drug interactions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anti-IgE antibody drug used to treat moderate-to-severe asthma. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most serious side effect of anti Ig-E antibodies |
|
Definition
| developing a sensitivity to the antibody and going into anaphylactic shock. Also there is an increased risk of cancer |
|
|
Term
| most common asthma drug delivery method |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
budesonide+formeterol fumerate
fluticasone proprionate+salmeterol xinofate |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of controlled asthma |
|
Definition
day symptoms:less than 2x/week
night symptoms: less than 2x per month
oral steroids use less than 2x/year |
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