Term
| can you list the functions of the respiratory system |
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Definition
A- exchange of gasses
B- blood Ph regulation
C- Immunity
D- Vocalization |
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Term
| what is meant by respiration |
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Definition
| in the context of the respiratory system, it means moving air in and out of the lungs and exchanging gasses between the blood, air and tissues |
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Term
| Define pulmonary ventilation |
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Definition
| movement of air in and out of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| act of air movement into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| act of air movement out of the lungs |
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Term
| define external respiration |
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Definition
| exchange of gasses between the air and blood |
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Term
| define internal respiration |
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Definition
| exchange of gasses between the body tissues and the blood |
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Term
| functions of nasal conchae |
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Definition
| cause air to become turbulent in the nasal cavity so that it may become warmed and moistened by blood supply |
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Term
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Definition
| contains vocal cords, as air passes out of the larynx sound waves are created by these cords |
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Term
| functions of false vocal cords |
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Definition
| help to form a seal with the epiglottis during swallowing |
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Term
| fuctions of the true vocal chords |
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Definition
| vibrate and produce sound waves for voice |
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Term
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Definition
| air passage lined with mucus to trap debris and ciliated cells to move the mucus toward the mouth. leads air into primary bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
| respritory organ for pulmonary ventilation and external respiration |
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Term
| what is the epithelia type that lines the trachea and what is the specific function of epithelia? what structures of the epithelia allow for its function? |
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Definition
| Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithilia. Goblet cells produce mucus to trap debris and ciliated cells to move the mucus toward the mouth |
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Term
| what is the function of the U-shaped rings in the trachea |
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Definition
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Term
| can you describe the structure how the diameter of the airways is affected by the bifurcation |
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Definition
| each resulting airway will have 50% the diameter |
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Term
| can you describe the overall cross-sectional area in the bronchioles compared to the trachea |
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Definition
| the total cross sectional area is much greater than the trachea |
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Term
| can you describe the structure and function of the pleural cavity |
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Definition
| formed by a double serous membrane called the pleural membrane. the layers are the visceral and parietal layers and the space between them is the pleural cavity. this cavity is filled with pleural fluid secreted by the membrane |
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Term
| can you describe the structure and function of the alveoli |
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Definition
| microscopic air sacs that allow gas exchange with blood. their walls are formed primarily by simple squamous cells |
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Term
| what is the function of the elastic fibers that surround the alveoli |
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Definition
| to return the alveoli t osesting position during expiration |
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Term
| can you describe the classificationand function of type I and II cells in the alveolar walls |
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Definition
Type I=simple squamous epithelia , allow gas exchange
Type II= simple cuboidal epithelia that makes and secretes surfactant |
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Term
| what is the function of surfactant |
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Definition
| decrease surface tension of water in the alveoli |
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Term
| what is the importantce of alveolar macrophages |
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Definition
| phagocytose debris in the alveoli- immunity |
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Term
| can you describe the structure and function of the respritory membrane |
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Definition
| formed by the wall of the capillary and the wall of the alveoli and the basement membrane between them. very thin (10-100 angstrom) and allows for the efficient gas exchange |
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Term
| what factors restrict respiration |
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Definition
| air flow (resistance to flow due to diameter of airway), compliance (ability of the alveolar walls to expand and take on air during inspiration) and surface area (amount of alveolar wall for exchange of gasses to occur) |
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Term
| what is the unit of measurement for atmospheric pressure |
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Definition
| mmHg (millimeter of mercury) |
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Term
| what is daltons law, how is it useful to respirtory physiology |
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Definition
| it allows the calculation of pressure exerted by a single gas in the atmospher. partial pressure of oxygen and co2 can be calculated to determine pressure gradients between blood and air and blood and tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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