Term
| Know why I claim that this is the most important course you will take. |
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Definition
Improves the chances of getting into graduate school.
-How students are selected
-Research Opportunities @ FSU include directed studies and honor thesis
-Methods learned will be useful for higher levels.
Improves chances of having a career in psychology. |
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Term
| What are the 3 ways of knowing? |
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Definition
1. Authority
2. Use of Reason
3. Experience or Empiricism |
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Definition
| believing something because it comes from an expert or authority figure, ex religion. |
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Definition
| Arriving @ conclusions by applying logic and reason |
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Term
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Definition
| Learning through direct observation or experience. |
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Term
| Differentiates psychology from philosophy? |
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Definition
| Adherence to empirical confirmation |
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Term
| Differentiates physiology from everyday opinion? |
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Definition
| Adherence to logic or reason |
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Term
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Definition
| a way of knowing that depends on empirically based reasoning. |
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Term
| What are the four goals of psychological research? |
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Definition
1. Description
2. Prediction
3. Explanation
4. Application |
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Term
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Definition
| what exactly happens? When and where? What happened before and after |
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Definition
| How likely is something to happen at a time point of interest. |
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Definition
| Explaining what causes the behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| How can human behavior and thinking be shaped, learned, encouraged, discouraged, or eliminated. |
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Term
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Definition
| Institutional Review Board |
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Term
| Institutional Review Board |
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Definition
| Enforces for office for Human Research Protections. |
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Term
| What are the key criteria members of an IRB use in deciding whether to approve a research proposal? |
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Definition
1. Risk to participants are minimized.
2. Risks are reasonable in light of anticipated benefits
3. Selection of participants is equitable and special populations are protected.
4. Informed consent will be obtained and documented
5. Safeguards will be in place to protect the safety and rights of participants
6. Provisions for protecting privacy of subjects and confidentiality of data are in place. |
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Term
| What legislation governs the operation of an IRB? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the elements of informed consent? |
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Definition
- Who you are
- What you are doing
- Why you are doing it
- Benefits and risks for participation
- What participants will do and how long it will take Participation is voluntary; no penalty for withdrawing
- How confidentiality will be maintained
- Whom to contact with questions or problems
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Term
| What governs protections for animal subjects? |
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Definition
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Term
| What legislation does it enforce? |
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Definition
| Animal Care and use Committee charged with enforcing the Animal Welfare Act. |
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Term
| What are the key provisions in the APA code that governs animal research? |
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Definition
1. Scientific purpose outweighs any harm or distress to animals
Purpose includes:
-Increase knowledge about processes that underlie behavior
-Increase knowledge of species being studied
-Provide result than benefit the health or welfare of humans or other animals.
2. Animals Must be cared for properly
3. Because use for animals for educational demonstrations does not generate how knowledge, animal use should be minimal and alternates should be considered. |
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Term
| Know the two kinds of scientific fraud. |
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Definition
| Plagarism and Falsifying Data |
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Term
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Definition
taking ideas or writing of others and claiming it as your own.
Ex. Drug companies paying ghost writers to write paper then have well known professors edit the paper and put their name on it.
Relevance of academic honor code |
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Term
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Definition
| making up altering or suppressing data. |
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Term
| What is the most important part of the research process? |
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Definition
| Finding the most important question to try to answer. |
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Term
| What influences choice of the most important problem to study? |
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Definition
-Personal interest, observations and experience
-Related work or other researchers |
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Term
| What are common pitfalls to avoid? |
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Definition
-Being unfamiliar with the literature
-Reading too much of the literature too early. |
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Term
| What are key sources (journals, online databases) and what are you likely to find in each? |
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Definition
Psychological Bulletin- reviews of literature
Psychological Review- publishes new data (theoretical)
Annual Review of Psychology- someone asked every other year to write a special article
Current Directions in Psychological Science- sent out
American Psychologist- sent to all members of APA
Behavior and Brain Sciences |
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Term
| What are key sources (journals, online databases) and what are you likely to find in each? |
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Definition
PsycINFO- a computer database available online.
Reference lists from relevant articles
Programs from Annual meetings |
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Term
| What is a key limitation to these sources, and what are possible solutions to this limitation? |
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Definition
Publication Lag is a limitation.
Solutions to this limitation:
-attend conferences
-get conference programs or proceedings if you cannot attend
-contact major researcher in the area and ask for preprints and information about what they are currently studying. |
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Term
| What are common myths about theories? |
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Definition
- Theories ARE NOT true of false.
- Facts DO NOT have en existences independent of a theory
- Theories can have tremendous support in accounting for a set of facts, but never convert into facts after being proven
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Term
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Definition
| Theories are only useful or not useful although predications derived from theories can be disconfirmed or not. |
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Term
| What are the attributes of useful theories? |
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Definition
- Productivity
- Faseification
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Term
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Definition
| · Probably the most important kind of research (used to summarize results of a bunch of studies |
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Term
| What are the four key results to look for in a meta-analysis? |
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Definition
- Average weighted effect size (larger studies are trusted more… more weight)
- Confidence interval for average weighted effect size, or test of whether it is greater than 0
- Test of whether variability in effect sizes across studies was greater than expected due to chance
- Identification of predictors of variability in effect size across studies
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| publishes new data (theoretical) |
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Term
| Annual Review of Psychology |
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Definition
| someone asked every other year to write a special article |
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Term
| Current Directions in Psychological Science |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sent to all members of APA |
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Term
| Behavior and Brain Sciences |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| goal of describing predicting or explaining fundamental principles. |
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Term
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Definition
| goal of solving important practical problems |
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Term
| How are Basic & Applied Research similar? |
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Definition
Commonly interact in a mutually beneficial way
Ex. Includes origin of cognitive psychology in WWII |
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Term
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Definition
| done in controlled confines of scientific labs |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| advantage in control but field has the advantage in geralizability of results to an everyday world. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| relies on narrative analysis of case studies, interviews, or observations. |
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Definition
| is more objective but sometimes at a cost of limiting what can be studied |
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Term
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Definition
| can be applied to a wider variety of phenomena, but at a cost of loss of objectivity. |
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Term
| 8 Main Parts to an Article |
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Definition
- Title Page
- Abstract
- Introduction
- Method
- Result
- Discussion
- Tables and Figures
- Reference List
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Term
| · Quantitative synthesis of an entire literature is _____? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
measure of the size of an effect
§ Could be how big the difference is between an experimental group and a control group
§ Could be how strong a correlation relation is between two things |
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Term
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Definition
- How much is summarized, organized, explained or generated
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Term
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Definition
| how capable is it of generating testable hypothesis. Parsimony: How simple is the theory. |
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