Term
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Definition
| no matter what the shape of the distribution, the means of all the samples selected from the population will be normally distributed |
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Definition
| the degree of risk that you are willing to take that you will reject a null hypothesis when it is actually true |
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| test of statistical significance |
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Definition
| tools that allow decisions to be made about populations based on the information about samples |
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Definition
| minimum value one expects the test statistic to yield if the null hypothesis is false |
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Definition
| a commonly used inferential test of significance of the difference between two means based on two independent, unrelated groups |
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Definition
| an advanced technique that allows the researcher to reduce the number of variables by grouping similar variables together to creat constructs and then use factor scores as dependent variables |
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Term
| coefficient of determination |
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Definition
| the squared correlation coefficient, which indicates the amount of variance in one variable that is accounted for by the other |
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Definition
| a form of descriptive research that can be used to examine the frequency and relationships between psychological and sociological variables |
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Definition
| bias introduced when the interviewer subtly influences the interviewee's responses |
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Definition
| a plot of scores or data points which indicates the relationship between variables |
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Definition
| neutral information about the respondent such as age, living arrangements, number of children, and educational level |
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Term
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Definition
| describes the linear relationship between two or more variables |
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Definition
| social or behavioral science research that explores the processes that underlie human behavior using such techniques as interviews, surveys, case studies, and other relatively personal tecniques |
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Definition
| historical research- a methodology for examining how events that have occurred in the past affect events in the present and future |
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Term
| secondary sources of historical data |
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Definition
| at least once removed accounts from the original event, such as summaries of important statistics, a list of primary sources, or a newspaper column based on an eyewitness account |
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Definition
| when the researcher is an active participant in the social network being studied |
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Term
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Definition
| a gathering of people who are being moderated by a member of a research team and perhaps observed, either openly or secretly, by other members of the research team |
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Term
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Definition
| a statistical tool that equalizes any initial differences that might exist; it subtracts the influence of the relationship between the covariate and the dependent variable from the effect of one treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| actions of the experimenter that have an impact on the experiment |
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Term
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Definition
| are not characterized by random selection of participants from a population, nor do they include a control group |
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Term
| one-group pretest posttest design |
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Definition
| participants are assigned to a group, pretest is administered, treatments is administered, posttest is administered |
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Term
| causal comparative design |
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Definition
| quasi-experimental designs |
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Term
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Definition
| the quality of the experiment design such that the results can be generalized from the original sample to another sample and then, by extension, to the population from which the sample originated |
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Term
| posttest only control group design |
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Definition
| an example of a true experimental design that does not include a pretest |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the presence or absence of a pretest changes the subjects' responses |
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Definition
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| static group comparison design |
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Definition
| a pre-experimental design with limited internal validity |
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Definition
| a method of developmental research that assesses changes in behavior in one group of subjects at more than one point in time |
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Definition
| level of behavior associated with a subject before an experiment begins |
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Term
| single subject research design |
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Definition
| observing one subject over a variety of behaviors |
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Term
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Definition
| a method of developmental research used to examine age differences rather than age changes |
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