Term
| what 5 clinical characteristics define the nephrotic syndrome? |
|
Definition
| massive proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoaguability |
|
|
Term
| where do neutral immune complexes (IC) deposit? positive IC? negative IC? |
|
Definition
| neutral -> mesangium. positive -> subepithelium. negative -> subendothelial. |
|
|
Term
| subepithelial humps, hypercellular; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crescents and linear deposition on IF; dx? |
|
Definition
| Goodpasture's or anti-basement membrane disease causing RPGN type I |
|
|
Term
| pt with hx of pharyngitis shows crescents in glomeruli under light microscopy; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crescents and negative IF; dx? |
|
Definition
| RPGN type III (due to Wegner's or Churg-Strauss) |
|
|
Term
| proteinase 3 = __-ANCA; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| child with hx of URI presents with edema, no hematuria, and no HTN; dx? |
|
Definition
| minimal change disease (lipid nephrosis) |
|
|
Term
| can be caused by captopril, gold, Hodgkin's, HBV, syphilis, malaria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt with hx of HCV presents with HTN. EM shows tram tracks. IF shows depositions of IgG, C1q, and C4. dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt with hx of HCV presents with HTN, proteinuria. EM shows dense deposit disease. Ag is C3 nephritic factor. dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| young black male with hx of HIV presents with hematuria, proteinuria, and HTN. LM shows collapsed glomeruli and wrinkled BM. dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Young Asian adult presents with proteinuria. Biopsy shows mesangial proliferation and mesangial depositions. Pt had a hx of URI (or GI infection). dx? |
|
Definition
| IgA Nephropathy (Berger's) |
|
|
Term
| secondary to cirrhosis or celiac disease; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| child with purpura, polyarthritis, hematuria, and occult blood; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| child presents with sensorineural defect, ocular defects, and hematuria. EM shows a thin BM. pathogenesis? dx? |
|
Definition
| path: mutation in alpha chain 3, 4, or 5 in collagen type IV. dx: Alport's syndrome |
|
|
Term
| alpha 3 or 4 mutation in collagen type IV; asymptomatic proteinuria or hematuria; dx? |
|
Definition
| thin basement membrane disease |
|
|
Term
| what microscopic changes indicate chronic glomerulonephritis? (4) |
|
Definition
| tubular atrophy, nodular sclerosis, arteriole sclerosis, thyroidization of tubules |
|
|
Term
| ddx for tubuloreticular structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IF shows IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C1 deposits; dx? |
|
Definition
| lupus nephropathy "full house" |
|
|
Term
| describe microscopic findings in class III SLE. class IV SLE? |
|
Definition
| class III: fibrinoid necrosis, wire loop lesions; <50% involvement of glomeruli. class IV: active lesions, sclerosis, crescents; >50% involvement |
|
|
Term
| SLE involves what organs? HSP? |
|
Definition
| SLE: kidney, joint, skin, lungs. HSP: kidney, joint, skin, GI. |
|
|
Term
| Kimmelsteil-Wilson nodules, fibrin caps, capsular drops; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thick BM, mesangiolysis, hyalinizing arteriolar sclerosis of afferent and efferent arterioles; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Goodpasture's, amyloidosis/light chain disease, diabetic nephropathy with IgG deposition |
|
|
Term
| waxy, pink deposits everywhere in glomerulus; EM shows "pick up sticks"; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thick BM, punctate deposits on EM; linear and lobular on IF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| kidney shows granular surface on gross; elastica duplication on biopsy; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pathogenesis of Goldblatt Kidney in males and females |
|
Definition
| males: plaques. females: fibromuscular dysplasia. both cause unilateral renal a. stenosis |
|
|
Term
| diarrhea, shistocytes, thrombotic emboli; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fibrinoid necrosis, "flea bitten" kidney, onion skinning of arterioles, no diarrhea; dx? |
|
Definition
| atypical HUS; malignant HTN |
|
|
Term
| young black male with CKD presents with papilledema, scotomas, no diarrhea; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of ADAMTS13 -> vWF multimers -> thrombi |
|
|
Term
| polyuria, nocturia, salt wasting, metabolic acidosis; dx? |
|
Definition
| tubulinterstitial nephritis |
|
|
Term
| renal pathologies caused by NSAIDs (3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| female with hx of UTI presents with renal stones, anemia, and hematuria; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| concoction of analgesic abuse |
|
Definition
| phenacetin, aspirin, caffeine, acetaminophen, codeine |
|
|
Term
| child with chronic vesicoureteral reflux shows thyroidization of tubules; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TIN that occurs post-chemotx; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TIN assc'd with gout; dx? |
|
Definition
| chronic urate nephropathy |
|
|
Term
| TIN with large hyaline casts and granulomas; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tubulitis is a sign of... |
|
Definition
| transplantation rejection |
|
|
Term
| signs of chronic obstructive uropathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common renal tumor in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blatema, sarcoma, carcinoma; biopsy shows metanephric remnants; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WAGR syndrome and chromosome? |
|
Definition
| Wilms tumor, aniridia, GU abnormalities, retardation; 11p |
|
|
Term
| Denys-Drash syndrome and chromosome? |
|
Definition
| Wilms tumor, intersex disorder, glomerulosclerosis; 11p |
|
|
Term
| Beckwith Weidmann syndrome and chromosome? |
|
Definition
| Wilms tumor, hemihypertrophy, macroglossia, gigantism, hypoglycemia; 11p |
|
|
Term
| most common renal cell carcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
chromosome affected in...
1. clear cell carcinoma
2. papillary carcinoma
3. VHL |
|
Definition
| clear - 3; papillary - 7; VHL -3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mahogany brown tumor, hot pink cells; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk of berry aneurysms; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
autosomal dominant or recessive?
1. adult PKD
2. child PKD
3. VHL
4. Alport's |
|
Definition
1. dominant
2. recessive
3. dominant
4. X-linked recessive |
|
|
Term
| hemangioblastomas of retina and cerebellum + renal cell carcinoma and cysts; dx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "spikes" on EM and LM; dx? |
|
Definition
| MGN (or class V lupus nephritis) |
|
|
Term
| papillary necrosis on LM; ddx? (3) |
|
Definition
| analgesics, acute pyelonephritis, lupus nephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
depositions...
1. IgG, C3
2. IgA, C3
3. C3 only
4. IgG, C1q, C4
5. IgG, IgM, IgA, C3, C1q |
|
Definition
1. PSGN
2. Berger's
3. MPGN type II
4. MPGN type I
5. lupus nephritis "full house" |
|
|
