Term
Enalapril (pril)
ACE Inhibitor |
|
Definition
| Cough; Increases levels of bradykinin; hypotension; hyperkalaemia |
|
|
Term
Isosartan (sartans)
Angiotensin receptor blocker |
|
Definition
| Cough; Increases levels of bradykinin; hypotension (less than ACEI) hyperkalaemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, AV block, depression, sedation, exacerbate diabetes and mask hypoglycaemia, impotence |
|
|
Term
Verapamil
Ca channel blocker |
|
Definition
| Cardiac depression, bradycardia, dizziness, constipation, nausea, headache |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Transient expansion, headache, nausea, vomiting |
|
|
Term
Acetazolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor |
|
Definition
| Metabolic acidosis, renal stones, renal K+ loss |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Electrolyte imbalance, K+ loss, impotence, hyperuricaemia, glucose intolerance, hypovolaemia, hearing loss, increased Ca and Mg excretion |
|
|
Term
Chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretics |
|
Definition
| K+ loss, rash, hyperuricaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, glucose intolernace |
|
|
Term
Spironolactone
Aldosterone receptor antagonist
(K+ sparring diuretic) |
|
Definition
| Hyperkalaemia, decreased labido, impotence, menstrual disturbances |
|
|
Term
Amiloride, triamterene
Na+ channel blockers
(K+ sparing diuretics) |
|
Definition
| Hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia, minor SEs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agranulocytosis, cross placenta and milk, rashes, headache, nausea, joint pains |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Possible allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer (small increase in risk) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elderly at risk of angina, arrhythmia, heart failure; osteoporosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria |
|
|
Term
| Hormone replacement therapy |
|
Definition
| Increased risk of cancers (eg breast), adverse cardiovascular effects |
|
|
Term
Raloxifene
Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) |
|
Definition
| May affect breast and endometrial tissue, adverse cardiovascular effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Osteonecrosis of jaw, effect limited after 5 years, GI effects, compliance issues, atypical freactures |
|
|
Term
Densumab
Monoclonal antibody against RANKL |
|
Definition
| Lacks long term safety and efficacy data |
|
|
Term
Teriparatide
PTH/PTH fragments, bone anabolic agent |
|
Definition
| Possible increase in osteosarcoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypoglycaemia, formation of antibodies, local allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
Metformin
Insulin sensitiser |
|
Definition
| Weight loss, nausea, diarrhoea |
|
|
Term
Thiazolidinediones
TZDs/glitazones
Insulin sensitiser |
|
Definition
| Weight gain, long term safety still unsure |
|
|
Term
Glicazide
Sulphonylureas
Insulin secretion |
|
Definition
| High protein binding, hypoglycaemia, weight gain (stimulate appetite) |
|
|
Term
Repaglinide
Glitinides
Insulin secretion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Acarbose
a-glucosidase inhibitors
Oral hypoglycaemic agent |
|
Definition
|
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