W/V

Where:

1. W =  weight
2. V = Volume

amount of heat in btu's

 required to change the temperature of

1 lb.of a substance 1°F

V₁P₁/T_{1 =} V₂P₂/T₂

Where:

1. P = Absolute pressure
2. T = Absolute temperature
3. V = Volume

H = S X W X (T₁ - T₂)

 Where :

1. H = Btu's of sensible heat
2. S = specific heat
3. W = weight in lbs
4. T = temperature change

process of changing from a

solid to a liquid state

Law of heat exchange is

? = ?

Btu's required to change

ice to water at 32°F =

Btu's required to change

water to steam at 212°F

P₁/P_{2 =} T₁/T₂

Where:

1. T = Absolute temperature
2. P = Absolute pressure

V₁/V₂ = T₁/T₂

Where:

1. T = Absolute temperature
2. V = Volume

P₁V₁/T_{1 =}P₂V₂/T₂

Where:

1. P = Absolute pressure;
2. V = Volume;
3. T = Absolute temperature

homogeneous mixture (thoroughly mixed)

 of two or more substances,

the composition of which may vary

 to a maximum limit,

called the saturation point.

ratio of the density of a substance

 to the density of a

standard of reference.

density of a substance

divided by the density of water

is the property by which

similar materials are attracted

 to one another

the property that causes

 dissimilar materials

to be attracted to one another

the rising of a liquid

in a small space or tube.

P = H x D

Where:

1. P = pressure
2. H = height
3. D = density

TF = A X H X D

Where:

1. TF = total force
2. A = area
3. H = height 
4. D = density of liquid

Pressure applied anywhere to a body of

confined or enclosed fluid is trasmitted with

 undiminished force in every direction.

 This pressure acts at right angles to every portion of the surface of the container, with equal force upon equal areas. Fluids comprise both liquids and gasses,

hence Pascal's Law applies to both.

.0807 lb/cu.ft 

Where:

1. @ 14.7 psi
2. @32 degrees Farenheit

The density of mercury is about

 _______ times the density

 of water

V₂/V_{1 =}P₁/P₂

Where:

1. P = Absolute Pressure
2. V= Volume

the absence of all matter

 from a given space

any pressure less than

atmospheric pressure.

a body immersed in a fluid loses as much weight

 as the weight of the fluid it displaces.

1. gal./min.
2. gal./hr.
3. cu.ft./min
4. lbs/hr.

Velocity describes speed of motion or flow.

 Velocity is defined as the rate of motion

per unit of time

Liquids & Gases are

 both considered to be ________

When discussing machines

the word ________ is used.

total work (ft.-lb)

  divided by

550 x time (sec)

M.A. = E.A./R.A.

 Where:

1. M.A. = Mechanical advantage
2. E.A. = effort arm
3. R.A. = resistance arm

EL = L X (T₂-T₁) X CE

Where:

1. EL = expansion length
2. L = original length
3. T = temperature
4. CE = coefficient of expansion

ability of a metal to stretch & become deformed

without breaking or cracking.

property of a metal that alows it to be hammered

 or rolled into sheets, witout causing separation

of the molecules

Travel on a 45°

right angle triangle =

L x D

Where:

1. L = Length
2. D = Distance

        A metal that has been ______

has been softened

The chemical structure of Methane

(natural gas) is

The chemical structure of

Propane is

The chemical structure of

Butane is

Specific gravity of

Methane (Vapour)

Specific gravity of

Propane (Vapour)

Specific gravity of

 Butane (Vapour)

Limits of flammability

Natural Gas 

Limits of flammability

Propane

Limits of flammability

Butane

Ignition temperature

Natural Gas

Ignition temperature

Propane

Ignition temperature

Butane

Maximum flame temp.

Natural Gas

Maximum flame temp.

Propane

Maximum flame temp.

Butane

Maximum flame speed

Natural gas

Maximum flame speed

Propane

Maximum flame speed

Butane

What is the pH value for water,

 that is considered to be neutral