Term
| Little energy is lost in circulation until blood enters what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The magnitude of the pule pressure is proportional to __ |
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Definition
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Term
| What proceedes this event: a pressure wave in a vessel travels faster than the blood itself |
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Definition
| it adds to the slower pressure downstream |
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Term
| Subsequet branching of large arteries will reflect energy backwards to the mother arteries and add to ___ |
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Definition
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Term
Arterosclerosis would NOT increase:
A. systolic pressure
B. mean pressure
C. diastolic pressure
D. pulse pressure |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Total periferal resistance |
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Term
Which are the major systems in regulation of arteial blood pressure?
A. Mytotic reflex & Baroreceptor reflex
B. Renin-angiotensin II-aldosterone system & Baroreceptor reflex
C. Baroreceptor reflex & BP renin reflex
D. Set Point rflex & BP renin reflex |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the power/tendency to return to the resting form |
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Term
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Definition
| how well the volume changes for a given pressure |
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Term
| The arteriol pressure is carefully moitored & referenced to a __ |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an example of a set point?
A. Body temperature
B. Muscle strech
C. Heart elasticity
D. Humeral immunity
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following terms might be used to describe a low pulse?
A. slow
B. light
C. bounding
D. thready |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following resposes does not fit: Pulse pressure increases when...
A. stroke volume increases or heartrate increases
B. stroke volume increases or heart rate decreases
C. arterial compliance decreases
D. total peripheral restriction increases |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerve from the carotid sinus relayes information for the baroreceptro reflex to vasomotor centers in the brain stem? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerve from the aorta relayes information for the baroreceptro reflex to vasomotor centers in the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nucleus of the Tractus Solitarius |
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Definition
| primary center in the CNS for baroreceptor reflex |
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Term
| Where are the mechanoreceptors for the baroreceptor reflex located? |
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Definition
| external carotids & aortic arch |
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Term
| __ receptors are sensitive to strech caused by changes in pressure & especially rates of change in pressure |
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Definition
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Term
Which will be the strongest input for the baroreceptor?
A. a slow change in pressure
B. a slow chang in heartrate
C. a rapid change in pressure
D. a quick change in heart rate |
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Definition
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Term
The frequency of APs will increase with...
A. decreased calcium uptake
B. increased calcium uptake
C. decreased BP
D. increased BP |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F the output will adjust to newpressures as the new normal, whic is good for the long-term control of arterial blood pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the cardiac accelerator center do? |
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Definition
| affects the heart by increasing rate, conduction velocity, & contractility |
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Term
In the baroreceptor reflex, what comes after: increase in arterial pressure
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Definition
| increased activity in cranial nerves IX & X & input to nucleus tractus solitarius |
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Term
| In the baroreceptor reflex, what comes after: increase in vagal tone to SAn and decreased sympathetic output to SAN |
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Definition
| decreased sympathetic output to blood vessels (arteries & veins) |
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Term
| In the baroreceptor reflex, what comes after: increased activity in cranial nerves IX and x & input to nucleus tractus solitarius |
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Definition
| increase in vagal tone to SAN and decreased sympathetic output to SAN |
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Term
| What could cause a decrease in Pa & in activity of the baroreceptor? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F in a hemorrhage the response of the baroreceptor reflex is basically in reverse |
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Definition
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Term
| The Renin-Angiotensin II-Aldosterone System operates by attempting to maintain ___ of blood |
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Definition
| extracellular fluid volume |
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Term
| Which system reflex is hormonally based and slower? |
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Definition
| Renin-Angiotensis II-Aldosterone system |
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Term
| In the Renin-Angiotensin II-Aldosterone system a decrease in Pa causes a conversion of ___ to renin in the juxaglomerular cells in the afferent & efferent arterioles |
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Definition
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Term
Where is angiotensin I converted to angiotensin II?
A. liver
B. lungs
C. kidneys
D. pancreas
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Definition
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Term
| what will convert angiotensin ! to angiotensin II? |
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Definition
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Term
| Angiotensin II causes the adrenal cortex to release __ |
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Definition
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Term
| Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of __ from the renal distal tubules |
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Definition
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Term
| Angiotensin II acts directly on arterioles to cause __ & thus an inrease in Pa |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ acts on the hypothalmus to cause thirst |
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Definition
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Term
| ADH acts on the kidneys to promote __ |
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Definition
| reabsorption of water into the extracellular space |
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Term
| Angiotensin II not only can cause the reabsorption of sodium but also __ from the kidneys |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False JG cells are modified smooth muscle cells |
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Definition
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Term
| renin is formed, stored, and released form __ |
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Definition
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Term
| Chempreceptors sense amount of dissolved ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Chempreceptors, besides mainly sensing amounts of O2 can also sence __ & ___ |
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Definition
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Term
ANP inhibits:
A. sodium reabsorption
B. ADH release
C. aldosterone secretion
D. renin release
E. all of the above |
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Definition
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Term
| Which chemoreceptor is more sensitive to CO2 & H than O2? |
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Definition
| central chemoreceptors in the floor of the 4th ventricle |
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Term
| This is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to an increase in serum osmolality or decrease in blood pressure |
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Definition
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Term
| V1 type of ADH recetor promotes ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| V2 type of ADH receptor promotes __ |
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Definition
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Term
| Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptor in the atria & pulmonary arteries sense the __ of these areas |
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Definition
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Term
| Will cause an increas in glomerular filtration that lowers ECF sodium and water. Part of cardiopulmonary baroreceptor |
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Definition
| ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) |
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Term
| An organ's vascular resistanc is determined mainly by the __ of the arterioles |
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Definition
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Term
| There are usually extrinsic and __ mechanisms to control blood flow in an organ. |
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Definition
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Term
| Extrinisc mechanisms are primarily nervous (fast) and ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Intrinsic mechanisms are thoes that occur __ the nervous and endocrine system |
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Definition
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Term
which is more important when it comes to matching blood flow to an organ with its individual metabolic needs?
A. intrinsic mechanism
B. etrinsic mechanism |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of waste signals local vasodialators to remove waste |
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Term
| __ is important in the coronary & skeletal muscle beds where constant blood supply is critical to the maintenance of life |
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Definition
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Term
| After a heavy meal, blood flow will increase dramatically to the digestive tract to aid in digestion and absorption of nutrients, this is an example of |
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Definition
| Autoregulation: metabolic control mechanism |
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Term
| Curing restricted blood flow, an O2 debt will occur that is proportional to the period of restricted flow. This is an exampl of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Myogenic principle: increased pressure is a common cause forstreching __ muscle cells in arterioles |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is not a known vasodilator?
A. K+
B. CO2
C. Ca++
D. H+
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Definition
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Term
| Histamine causes __ in arterioles and __ of venules |
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Definition
| vasodilation; constraction |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| True/False ANP causes vasoconstriction |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a major vasodilator that many other players work through |
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Term
| Osmosis is very important in the exchange of substances across the capillary wall and is driven by __ |
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Definition
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Term
| In Starling's fluid movement formula, Kf may change if __ are injured as in burns or toxins |
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Definition
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Term
| _ system is esponible for eturing water and proteins to the vascular system |
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Definition
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Term
| __ empties lymph back into general circulation |
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Definition
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Term
| failure to move proteins back into circulation can result in __ |
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Definition
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