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| Luther posted his 95-Theses and started the reformation. |
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| The Diet of Worms takes place, and Luther and the Protestant reformation are addressed. |
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| The Church of England broke off from the Papacy/Church of Rome when Parliament passed the Act of Supremacy. |
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| The Peace of Augsburg ended religious warfare in Germany. |
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| Queen Elizabeth reestablished the Church of England with the second Act of Supremacy and the Act of Uniformity. |
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| Huguenots at Vassy were massacred in what is known as the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre. |
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| The Peace of Westphalia ended the 30 Years' War. |
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| Parliament passed the English Bill of Rights, which set out the rights of Parliament and Protestants. |
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| The Estates-General issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. |
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| The first republic was created in France and the revolutionary calendar started. |
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| Louis XVI of France was executed after being found guilty of treason because he tried to flee the country. |
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| The Reign of Terror begins in France. |
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| Napoleon returned France to a monarchy when he crowned himself emperor Napoleon I. |
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| Napoleon I invaded Russia. |
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| Charles X of France issued the July Ordinances, causing the July uprising and his overthrow. |
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| A new constitution in France was written that established a second republic. |
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