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Histories of Gargatua and Pantagruel
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The praise of Folly
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repuesta a sor filotea reply to sister filotea |
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| oroonko or the royal slave |
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dialogue concerning two chief world systems the discerning reader the first day |
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| the second treatise of government |
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| Answers to the Question:what is enlightenment |
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A treatise of human nature of the understanding |
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| A vindication of the rights of woman |
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Declaration of Independence Declaration of the rights of man |
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| Lines composed a few miles above tintern abbey |
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| Johann wolfgang von goethe |
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ozymandias England in 1819 Ode to the West Wind |
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Ode the Grecian Urn To Autumn |
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Reason in History The idea of History and its Realization |
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| Karl Marx Fredrich Engels |
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"I felt a funeral in my brain" "Theres a certain slant of light" "I heard a fly buzz when i died" "Because i could not stop for death" |
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| NArrative of the life of Fredrick Douglas, an American slave |
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| "On the duty of civil disobedience" |
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| Notes from the underground |
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| Civilization and its discontents |
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The second Coming Sailing to Byzantium |
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| A love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock |
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| Their Eyes were watching God |
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| The Autobiography of Alice B Toklas |
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| Malcolm X and Alex Halley |
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| The autobiography of Malcom X "Saved" |
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| "Letter from Birmingham Jail" |
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| The Humanism of Existentialism |
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| One day in the life of Ivan Denisovich |
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| Historians of the Renaissance |
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| recently concluded it was marked as much by continuity as by change |
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| The Peace of Lodi signed in 1454 |
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| brought on several decades of peace in Italian peninsula |
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| The most significant consequence of Renaissance warfare was the |
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| development of diplomacy as an alternative to war |
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| What was a civic humanist |
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| proponent of idea that educated citizenry enhanced the community |
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| Laura Cereta in her own defense claimed that she |
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| was a typical woman in that she was capable of learning |
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| Among other definitions studia humanitatis means |
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| study of ancient greek and roman texts |
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| Vittorino de Feltre contributed to the early Renaissance as a |
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| founder of school for humanistic studies |
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| Early Renaissance neo-platonism |
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| taught that platonic love was superior to erotic love |
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| The cultural center of High Renaissance was |
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| The High Renaissance style can be characterized by |
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| holding up ideals of beauty and serenity |
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| Which of the following was an important development in international relations during the High Renaissance |
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| the birth of the concept of balance of power |
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| Who designed catapults, giant crossbows, and cannon keen understanding of how weaponry could transform warfare |
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| Which of following artists included philosophy, poetry, theology, and law in his plan for the four walls of the stanza della segnatura in the papal chambers |
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| Which of the following socio economic development of the period |
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| establishing slavery in us territories |
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| Which of the following artists created the tempietto to mark the site of the martyrdin if st peter |
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| Mannerist viewpoint was anti-classical in its |
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| support for art of odd perspectives and distortions |
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| Who among the following was not an expert violin maker |
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advocated education of women platonic love charming hostess |
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| Machiavelli political advice |
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| concious duplicity all matters |
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| Da Vinci's Mona Lisa new way to paint portrait |
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| half-length, not full length view of his subject |
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| Raphael demonstrates well-ordered space in painting |
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| Venetian Art famous tradition of |
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| Giorgione's painting the tempest |
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| makes landscape the real subject of the work[image]makes landscape the real subject of the work |
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| Parmigiannos Madonna of the Long neck is mannerist in its |
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| classical ideal manifested in Michelangelo's David? |
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graceful contrapposto, heroic nudity, athletic muscular bod
Â
[image][image]
[image][image] |
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| Michelangelos outstanding architectural monument |
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| [image]dome of St perters basilica, Rome |
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| Basic plan of Villa Rotonda |
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four identical wings surrounding a domed central area
[image] |
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| School dominated High-Renaissance music? |
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| Dominant composer of high renaissance was |
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| Both Chrisitan Humanism and Renaissance thought |
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| emphasized classical studies |
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| What was ultimate goal of Christian "humanists |
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| restored, revitalized Christianity |
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| How did Reblais differ from other Northern Humanists |
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| often made obscene references |
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| alienated catholics and protestants |
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| In his "Essays" Montaigne viewed the world and human nature |
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| with some hope for survival but his skepticism prevented him from having too much faith |
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| reached new heights in the verbal arts, particularly in theater |
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| Mannerist feature in Shakespeares hamlet |
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| moody hamlet often seems to change his personality |
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| Protestant reformation affected painting and sculpture how |
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| zealous protestants destroyed some works of art |
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| Whose paintings continued in late gothic style rather than a northern development of Renaissance tendencies |
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Grunewald, Matthias
[image] |
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| Besides paintings Durer is known for |
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| techniques Heironymous Bosch borrow from Flemish art |
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sweeping landscapes, precise detail
[image] |
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| Bosch's "garden of earthly delights" |
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| garden of eden, garden fleshly sins, hell |
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| Peter Bruegel's paintings were |
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efforts capture ordinary lives of peasants
[image] |
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| which did not contribute to disentigration of Catholic church |
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external threat from Islam, middle east
(growing corruption, rise of sov states, humanism did) |
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| university MArtin Luter associated with when he published 95-thesis |
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| One event upset Luther led to Protestant Reformation |
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| selling of indulgences in Germany |
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| In searching for answers to sin, Luther found answers in |
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| biblical passages stressin power of faith |
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| Lutheran reforms positively affected women by: |
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| enabling clergy men to marry-respectability to marriage |
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| Calvin's concept of predistination |
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| only god knew who was saved or not |
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| Who found Angelicanism, why |
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| Henry VII, to divorce catholic wife, remarry, male heir |
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| Council of trent accomplishment |
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| salvation should be sought by faith and good works |
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| When catholics and protestants failed to resolve differences |
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| turned to warfare and alliances |
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| Spanish Mannerist who captured spirit Catholic Reformation |
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| Who is credited with reviving spanish theatre in sixteenth century |
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| New literary genre flourished in spain 16th century |
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| specialized in word-paintings musical illustrations of written text |
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| Not true late 16th century catholic church music |
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clarity of words sacrificed to musical sounds
(true: more simple, council trent music should be easily understood by illiterate masses, palistrina set standard) |
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| Song type most expressive late 16th century music |
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| Which of following is trye |
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all of above catholic counter reformation set path for church until 1960s lutheran school teachers were employees of the state rather than church legacy northern humanism -raitonal morals and simple faith-ignored by catholics and protestants till 18th century |
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| most spectacular rep of absolutism in baroque age |
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| Politics and Power in 17th century |
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| heads of state claimed power by divine right argument |
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During Louis XIV reign
economic policy: |
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govt empasized power and glory of the king
mercantilism |
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| over course of 17th century, England |
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| underwent power struggle between parliament and monarchy |
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| by 1715 government should rest on consent of governed was established in |
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| 30-years was fought largely in |
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| made pikemen obsolete marked end of medieval military equip and infantry |
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| product of counter-reformation |
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| fit well with absolutist policies of Lpuis XIV |
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| keeping with protestant culture |
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| Council of Trent led church leaders to call for new art portrayed |
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| saints enthralled ecstatic states |
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| Gentilischi painting style |
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| master of printmaking able to support himself- higher prices for printmaking than paintings |
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rembrandt van Rijn
[image] |
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| Ecstasy of St Teresa, "Bernini was able to |
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capture moment when saint senses holy spirit
[image] |
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| Pozzo's allegory of Missionary Work of the Jesuits illustrates baroque love of |
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| Boroque theme, Valazquez's Las Meninas, maids of honor |
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interplay space and illusion
[image] |
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| Ruben's paintings known for their |
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| selected models from streets, chariascuro, banished landscape from his canvas |
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| The Education of Maria de Medici can be characterized by |
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| work that combines roman mythology with queens life |
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| Flemish, studied under rubens, court painter England's Charles I |
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| Netherlands in 17th century |
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| dominated by sober values of calvinist religion |
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| Dutch painted Vermeers specialized in |
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| Painting in 17th century England |
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| controlled by courtly and restrained taste of aristocracy |
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| Inspiration dome St Pauls Cathedral, london was dome of |
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| Baroque writers made contribution all following except |
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romance (true:tragedy, comedy, epic) |
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| at court of King Louis XIV in Versailles |
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| Not true about 17th centure drama |
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| dealt with lives of ordinary people |
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| standardization of pitches of notes, musical scale and tuning of keyboard instruments |
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| satiric comedies exposed follies of french society |
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| 2 late baroque composers flourished after 1715 were |
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| Judith lesters career as dutch artist brought her fame and fortune equal to any male painter |
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| Aristolian physics and astronomy transmitted to west through |
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| roman and islamic culture |
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| Theory universe earth centered |
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| Ptolomey can be describes as |
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| man who modified aristotles geocentric model |
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| Central characteristic of medieval science |
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| identified Aristotles unmoved mover with God |
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| In Aristotles system of cosmology which was considered not a planet |
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| Middle Ages, Aristolian science undermined by |
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| application of inductive reasoning |
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| Scientist disproved Galen's theory about circulation of blood |
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| Copernicus explanation of universe described as |
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| revival of an ancient greek theory |
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| How did religious leaders react to Copernicus theory |
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| Catholics and Protestant initially rejected it, but protestants, lacking a central authority accomodated selve to his thinking |
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| Tycho Brahe contributed Scientific revolution |
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| amassing copious observations of planetary movement |
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| Kepler's scientific research |
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| sun-centered universe could be understood in mathematical terms |
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| Prior to modern times knowledge human body limited because |
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ignorance due to church prohibit dissection human medical schools relied on animal dissection galen was supreme authority, often wrong all of above |
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| William harvey and Isaac Newton |
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| used mathematics to prove their theories |
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| only chemical reactions that happened naturally and could be analyzed mathematically |
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| Marcello Malpighi's contribution study of human body |
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| Not source Francis Bacon fame |
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| Scientific work of Rene Descartes |
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Descartes in search for truth Dualism |
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concluded he existed because his mind questioned material world and human mind are seperate |
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| Major source 17th century political thought |
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| periods scientific discoveries |
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| Grotius founded his politics in belief in |
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| Bishop Bossuet's argument divine rights of kings rested on |
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| god gave certain men right to rule |
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| Major contribution of Fontonelle |
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| explain to public the findings of 17th century science |
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| master of printmaking able to support himself- higher prices for printmaking than paintings |
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| individual should be free from external control |
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| Red shirts liberated kingdom of 2 Sicilies |
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| 19th century Europe, liberalism most successful in |
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| engineered unification of germany |
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| Realpolitik powerful impact on |
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| unification of germany campaign |
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| American civil war immediate consequence |
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Definition
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| Heart of 19th century liberalism |
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Definition
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| Seeds of WWI sown in part by |
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| Prussias humiliating defeat of france |
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| Bentham's belief society should be based on "utility" |
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Definition
| greatest happiness greatest number |
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| Voting rights 18 years olds |
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| urged reform based on model communities |
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| Marx theorized history propelled by |
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| Set Evangelicals apart from liberal protestants |
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Definition
| insistance paramount authoirity of Holy Scriptures |
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| "Higher Criticsism" 19th century intellectual movement |
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Definition
| studied bible not as divinely inspired book incapable of error simply as set of writings open to different interpretations |
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| Between 1830 and 1871 all of these scientific advancements made except |
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Definition
| interior structure of an atom |
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Definition
| marshaled data to support theory of evolution |
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| established germ theory of disease |
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| Manet's Bar at the Folies-Bergere |
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Definition
caught gaudy atmosphere of a popular entertainment center
[image] |
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| French art in age of Bourgoise was |
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Definition
| subject to pressures from official govt agencies |
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| Romantic novelists concentrated on |
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Definition
| feelings of their characters |
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| 19th century philosophical movement: Divinity manifests itself in many forms, including physical universe |
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Definition
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| 19th century writer inspired Martin Luther King's protest marches |
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| 19th centure writer called "first modern, liberated woman" |
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Definition
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| English Realist with the largest audience |
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Definition
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| Flaubert, Madame Bovary heroine |
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| woman caught up in her unrealistic dreams |
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| innovation of Doestoevesky, Russian Realist |
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| War and Peace masterpiece of |
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Definition
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Definition
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| 1st great modern book person of color |
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| Narrative life of Fredrick DOuglas |
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Term
| LEading neoclassical painter 1830-1871 |
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Definition
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| Leading figure Barbizan school |
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Definition
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Definition
realism in painting
[image] |
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| Key element Daumier's approach to painting |
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Definition
his satirical eye
[image] |
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Definition
a member of realists school who was influenced by science
[image] |
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| In what since Manet first modern painter |
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"art for art's sake" originator
[image] |
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| 19th century photographer made famous photograph Ab Lincoln during run for pres |
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Definition
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Definition
| use of folk songs and ethnic dance rythymms |
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| Who wrote under pen name George Eliot |
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Definition
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| Composer who opposed Wagner |
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Definition
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| period between 1760-1830 best described as a time when |
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Definition
| middle class began to win power from the aristocracy |
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Term
| Major events Industrial revolution in English cloth making |
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Definition
| invention of steam engine by James Watt |
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Term
| Industrial Revolution began in England because |
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Definition
| its colonial empire was a source of raw material |
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Term
| Adam Smith's wealth of Nations |
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Definition
| emphasized concept englightened self interest |
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Term
| Malthus's "law of population held that |
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Definition
| population growth will enivitably outstip food production, leading to natural calamity, war, famine, plague |
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Term
| Recardo's "iron law of wages" |
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Definition
| held that wages of workers always hover around the subsistance level |
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Term
| economic conclusions of MAlthus and Ricardo |
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Definition
| led many to believe that the workers deserved what they got |
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Term
| Europe by 1830 can be described as a continant that |
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Definition
| was divided into two political camps, liberals and conservatives |
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Term
| Major issue dividing England and her colonies in 1776 |
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Definition
| taxes and cost of upkeep of the colonies |
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Term
| Outcome of American Revolution |
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Definition
| new country most democratic since ancient Athens |
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Term
| France under Louis XVI can be described as a |
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Definition
| nation with large national debt |
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Term
| Major accomplishment of french revolution |
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Definition
| creation limited constitutional monarchy |
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Term
| Second phase of French Revolution can be described as |
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Definition
| a period of extreme change |
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| One of Napoleans major domestic reforms |
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Definition
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| Declaration of the Rights of man and citizen included guarntee of |
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Definition
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| One major change in Europe between 1789 and 1815 was the |
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Definition
| Influence of Napoleons reforms in much of western and central Europe |
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Term
| In period from 1815-1830, Europe |
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Definition
| accepted some changes and rejected other changes started by the French Revolution |
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Term
| Neoclassicsm in Literature continued after 1800 in works of |
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Definition
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Term
| Frances revolutionary leaders favored neoclassism because |
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Definition
| they thought the style morally uplifting |
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Term
| David's painting The Coronation can be described as |
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Definition
a work of political propaganda
[image] |
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Term
| French painter Ingres best remembered as |
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Definition
a portrait painter who caught his subjects distinctive appearance and social class markers
[image] |
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Term
| Who introduce neo-classical architecture to United States |
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Definition
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| Romantic writers and artists expressed |
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Definition
| an admiration of creative non-conformity |
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Term
| The Sturm and Drang movement |
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Definition
storm and stress, started in Germany none correct
[image] |
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Term
| Relationship between romanticisism and nationalism |
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Definition
| intertwined in their early years |
|
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Term
| English literary Romanticism was launched by the writings of |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Novel exemplifies romantic reaction against enlightement rationalism is |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Major ways nature represented in romantic painting |
|
Definition
pastoral and sublime
[image] |
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Term
| Themes and subjects in Romantic paintings |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In his paintings Constable., |
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Definition
emphasized the play of sunlight
[image] |
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Term
| Which painters use of color anticipated the impressionists |
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Definition
|
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| Painter exemplifed romantic style in Germany |
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| Gericaults painting of the Raft of the Medusa portrays theme of the |
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breakdown of civilization
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| The painting Liberty leading the people by Delacroix |
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combines realism and naturalism
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| German Idealism distinguishes between |
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| the world that can be understood by science and world understood by intuition |
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| Hegel's ideas influenced which of the following groups |
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| MArxists, who borrowed concept of dialectic operating in history |
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| Which composer most famous for perfecting the art song, or lied |
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| symbolized romantic rebel willing to try anything |
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| Romanticism grew out of the |
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| rejection of enlightenments ideas |
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| According to Hegel history revolves around |
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| Modernism was a cultural movement that |
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| rejected both greco-roman classiscm and the judeo-christian tradition |
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| 3 major forces helped shape events between 1871 and 1914 were |
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| imperialism, militarism, and nationalism |
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| Comparing first and second industrial revolutions |
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| Scientific research played a larger role in the second revolution than in the first industrial revolution |
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| In the period between 1871 and 1914, many Europeans moved to the cities because |
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| urban jobs paid better than those in the country |
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| Women in growing second industrial revolution |
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| found new careers, including teaching, nursing, and retailing |
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| Social change between 1871 and 1914 |
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| establishment of public school system |
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| France, Great Britain, Russia |
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| Unlike Germany and France, Great Britian during the 1871-1914 period |
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| had more success reforming the living conditions of the poor |
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| City that epitomized modernism |
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| As Industrial revolution came to Russia |
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| government became more represive and dictatorial |
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| one of major causes of late 19th century imperialism |
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| industrialized nations required new markets |
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| Who developed theory of universal collective unconcious |
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| Immediate cause of WWI was a quarrel between |
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| Early modernism yearning to move to an uncertain future with an optimism was reinforced by |
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| advances in science and technology |
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| Neitzche's life and thought are ironical in what way |
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| although opponent of strong german state, his writings were later taken up by the nazies, for unified germany |
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| explored beneath the surface of human motives to find underlying truth |
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| Freud though human personality was |
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| the product of an inescabable struggle between inborn instincts and culturaly created conciousness |
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| 3 styles of early modenrist literature were |
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| naturalism, decadence, expressionism |
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| Kate Chopin can be described as |
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| writer moving away from romanticism toward realism and naturalism |
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| Zola's novels express naturalism by |
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| exploring serious social issues |
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| Ibsen's the doll's house is written in which style |
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| The hero in Huysman's Against nature expresses what decadence means by |
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| cultivationg unfashionable exotic pleasures |
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| Example of expressionism in literature |
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| Strindberg's the dream play |
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| Kafka's Metamorphisis and the Trial modernist theme |
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| person victimized by forces beyond the individual humans control |
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| First scientist to win two nobel prize |
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| Max Plack is credited with |
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| establishing quantum theory of radiation |
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| explained behavior of electrons at subatomic level |
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| groundbreaking research became basis new science of genetics |
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| Impressionist painters were innovative because they painted out of doors, they were influenced by |
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| although first critics of impressionist painting ridiculed style monets painting impression:sunrise |
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| [image]became rallying cry for fellow artists |
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| moving beyond impressionism to greater concentration on form |
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| one result of impressionist movement |
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| art was freed to move in many directions |
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| LEading painters of post-impressionism |
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| cezANNE, gaugin, van gogh |
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| Cezannes paintings pointed the way to 20th centuries |
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| Van Gogh launched postimpressionist trend in painting called |
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| Expressionism in painting means |
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| representing the emotions |
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| 1st impresionist artist to imitate ukiyo-e prints |
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| Architect coined phrase form follows function |
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| defined domestic architecture in 1910, disciple of sullivan |
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| defined public building for 20th century |
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| arnold schoenburd and igor stravisky wrote atonal ballads |
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| 3 unique contributions to western music by americans |
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| an era when the masses became powerful historical force |
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| pioneer stream of conciousness |
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| novel debt to hardboiled detective fiction |
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| hemingways the sun also rises |
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| modernist symbol reflected hollowness of contemporary life |
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| anguish as black man in a white world |
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| Brechts three penny opera |
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| authors philosophy groundwork for logical positivism |
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| individual responsibility |
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| school of philosophy concerned with defining terms and clarifying statmenets |
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| scientist head team 1st atomic bomb |
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| 1st art style launched by young soviet uniion |
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| modrian stij movement, composition blue and yellow |
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protest against francos unbridled warfare, modernist cubist style, conflict totalitarianism and human freedom
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| international-style architecture characterized by |
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| pioneered montage technique |
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| photographs farm security administration |
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| duke ellingtons such sweet thunder inspired by |
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| composers mechanical ballet inspired by machine-oriented culture |
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| greatest legacy mass culture 20th century orson welle film |
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| created ballet draws on a shaker folk tune |
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| country not apart of american bloc cold war |
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| not a reason cold war excalated |
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| creation of the common market |
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| not original member of of common market |
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| mao zedong socialist system |
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| characteristic late modernism |
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| investing works with spiritual metaphysical meaning |
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| civilizations arise from deep seeded modes of thought |
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| revival of feminist movement |
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| earliest theorist black identity |
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| the fall, camus dealt with |
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| Assination MLK influence james baldwin |
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| realistic existential nobels about intellectual fragmentation in the modern world |
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| shared existentialism bleak vision |
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| New york museum elevated avant garde |
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| jacksons pollocks drip paintingq |
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| liberates the spirit of the artist |
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| jasper johns and robert rauschenberg |
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| louise nevelson, scupltor |
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style remeniscent of abstract expressionism
[image] |
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| insists on God behing God |
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| coined term "leap of faith" |
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| deeper linguistic structure inuitively grasped |
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| too much rage for white literary critics |
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| trials of salem, sybolize communist investigation undertaken by activities committee |
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| artist guided by "truth of materials" |
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| angry young men movement (play) |
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| artist birthed "hard edge" |
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| scoffed at by critics connected it to dada |
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| neorealism film movement director |
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| post modern literture latin american made famous by |
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| maxine hong kingston writings |
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| evils racism, exploitation in america |
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| opera marco polo- asian cultures |
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| phillip pearlstein famous paintings |
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| art styles of post modernism |
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| neorealism,neoexpressionism, neoclassicim |
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| classical aspect of post modernism |
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Definition
| philip c johnsons At&T building |
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| philip glass john adams composers famous for |
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| young british artists YBA |
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| attention grabbing associated with scandal |
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| peace treaties israel 1970's |
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| theocratic government after shah deposed 1979 |
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| unlike cold war, war on iraq |
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| paradigm shift exchange of one worldview for another |
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| 1983 black woman abused by black men victimized by white society |
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| book length poem revisted homers epics carribean 1900s |
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| artist horse dominant subject |
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| late modern abtraction, leading post WWII african american painters |
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| artist designed most visited monument in us |
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| rock and roll hall of fame cleveland ohio |
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| first woman archtect receive prtizker prize |
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""refers to lower-middle and working class- an era when masses became powerful historical force |
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| spring 1917 event occurred helped determine outcome of WWI |
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| russian revolution and U.S. entry in war on side of allies |
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| democratic system in German between Versailles treaty and rise of Hitler |
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| Which became totalitarian after WW1 |
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| european country suffered most from great depression |
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| lenin and marx agreed about all of following except |
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| dedicated communist elite is necessary to to initiate revolutionary change |
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| Fascit leader of Italy 1930s |
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| WWII began with Germany's invasion of |
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| Pioneer stream of conciousness writing |
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| Which novel owed debt to popular hard-boiled detective fiction in 1930s |
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Definition
| Hemingway's "The Sun also rises" |
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| Novel was a satire of Stalinist Russia |
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Definition
Orwells "Animal Farm" "to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole."
The Soviet Union he believed, had become a brutal dictatorship, built upon a cult of personality and enforced by a reign of terror. In a letter to Yvonne Davet, Orwell described Animal Farm as his novel "contre Stalin" [4] |
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| Langston Hughes Poetry refelected |
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| his anguish at being a black man in a white world |
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| author groundwork of logical positivism |
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| Head of team that built first atomic bomb |
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| Bayles Historical and critical dictionary can best be described as |
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| an encylopedic work arragned in a systematic form |
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| philosopes all of following reforms except |
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Definition
womens suffrage
did call for (religious toleration, education, rational justice system |
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god created universe set certain laws of natur ein motion and therafter never interfered
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| newton's theory of the universe |
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| monunmental work 17 texts |
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| ___ as a limited monaarchy became a model for philosophes |
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| Engravers mezzontint technique came from |
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| originators of laisez fair economics |
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| physiocrats and adam smith |
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| EMpress MAria thesa of Austria |
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| attempted to reform her government and army |
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| Outstanding example of enlightened despotism in Age of reaosn |
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| Originator of rococo style painting |
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Wattieau specialized in antics of the aristocracy |
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| splendid example of rococo interior |
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| salon de la princesse- hotel, paris |
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| Technological inovation associated with Hogarth's art |
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Definition
| first to run off multiple engravings of his paintings |
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| which painting style Jacques louis David primary exponent |
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| Montesqui's most enduring idea in the spirit of the laws is that |
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| seperationg of power and prevent govt from becoming tyrannical |
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| Age of reason new literary form |
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| Eitenth century novelists generally wrote about |
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