Term
| True or False: Keratin is a protein. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between keratinized or non-keratinized epithelial tissue? |
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Definition
| Non-keratinized epithelial tissue DOES NOT have the protein keratin. In moisture rich environments, keratin would not be suitable. |
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Term
| What are the three types of matrix when describing connective tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is stratified squamous epithelium tissue located? |
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Definition
| The outer part of the skin. |
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Term
| True or False: the outer part of the skin in non-keratinized. |
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Definition
| False. It is keratinized as the role of the skin is to protect. Keratin repels water whcih aids in protection of the skin. |
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Term
| True or False: Fibroblasts are the most numerous of connective tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three Connective Tissue Fibers? |
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Definition
| Collagen, Elastin, Reticulin |
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Term
| How many different types of Fibrous Connective Tissue are there? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the composition of Matrix? |
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Definition
| Ground substance and Fiber |
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Term
| Describe Ground Substance: |
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Definition
Loquid, gel, semi-hard, or hard.
It is arround the three different types of fibers (collagen, elastic and reticular.) |
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Term
| Describe Dense Regular Fibrous Connective Tissue. |
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Definition
Made of collagen fibers.
The configuration is a regular parallel pattern
It is the srtongest of the 6 Fibrous Connective Tissues
It is found in tendons. |
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Term
This phrase describes what?
"Sttatifies Squamous Keratinized Epithelium with Dense Irregular Fibrous Connective Tissue." |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe Dense Irregular Fibrous Connective Tissue. |
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Definition
Made of collagen
Pattern is irregular
It is found in the deeoest part of the dermis (skin), and deep fascia. |
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Term
| Name the 6 types of Fibrous Connective Tissue |
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Definition
| Dense Regular, Dense Irregular, Reticular, Elastic, Loose Areolar, Adipose |
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Term
| What is the function of the integumentary system? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Most superficial. Depth ranges from 0.5mm (eyelids) to 5mm (back).
It is keratinized, stratified, squamus epithelium.
It regenerates every 35 days.
It is avasvular and ammervated. |
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Term
| the 4 words that describe the Epidermis are: |
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Definition
"KESS"
Keritinized, Stratified, Squamous, Epithelium |
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Term
| There are 2 Divisions of the Epidermin that are important for us to know. They are: |
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Definition
| Stratum Corneum and Stratum Basale |
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Term
| Describe the Stratus Corneum: |
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Definition
| It is the outermost 25-30 layers of the epidermis. It consists of flat, dead, kerotinocytes. They are constantly sloughing off. |
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Term
| Describe the Stratum Basale: |
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Definition
It is the deepest layer of the Epidermis.
It is a single layer containing stem cells.
Stem cells undergo cell division (mitosis.) |
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Term
| Compare and Contrast Thin and Thick Skin on TB p124 |
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Definition
BOTH are part of the Epidermis.
*The thick skin has the 5th layer called the stratus lucidum. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the Eipdermis.
Consists of 4 distinct and different layers.
Over most areas of the body's skin. |
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Term
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Definition
Part of the Epidermis.
Has an added 5th layer called Stratus Ldidum.
Located in areas of great friction such as the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. |
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Term
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Definition
It is the deepest part of the skin.
It is the thicker part of the skin.
It consists of 2 different and distinct layers of Connective Tissue.
It is innervated (has nerves.)
It is vascular (Has blood vessels.) |
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Term
| Name 2 differences between Epidermis and Dermis. |
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Definition
The Epidermis is both avascular and annervated.
The Dermis is both vascular and innervated. |
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Term
What are the 2 layers of the Dermis and what type of tissue are they made of?
see TBp117 |
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Definition
The two layers are: Papillary and Reticular.
They are COnnective Tissue.
They are DIFFERENT types of connective tissue. |
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Term
The Papillary Layer is one of 2 different and distinct types of connective tissue of the Dermis.
What type of connective tissue is the Papillary Layer? |
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Definition
Areolar Connective Tissue.
(Fine elastic fibers containing small "finger type" projections called the dermal papillae.)
The papillay layer projects up into the epidermis and forms the ridges we know as fingerprints. |
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Term
The Reticular Layer is one of 2 different and distinct types of connective tissue of the Dermis.
What type of connective tissue is the Reticular Layer? |
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Definition
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue.
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue is, along with Regular Connective Tissue, is one of the toughest of connective tissue.
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue is made of collagen fibers arranged in an irregular (rather than parallel) pattern.
The Reticular Layer of the Dermis is the greatest percent of the Dermis. |
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Term
| True or False: The Hypodermis is part of the skin. |
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Definition
FALSE.
It is UNDER (hypo) the skin.
It is also called sub-cutaneous.
It is also called called superficial fascia. |
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Term
| What type of Connective Tissue comproses the Hypodermis? |
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Definition
| Loose Areolar AND Adipose Connective Tissue |
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Term
| Describe Loose Areolar Connective Tissue. |
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Definition
It's not the strongest of the 6 types of Connective Tissue.
It has a combination of SOME collagen, elastin and reticular fibers. |
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Term
| What is the primary function of Loose Areolar Connectve Tissue? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the two appendages of the skin?
See TB pp 117-132 |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the characteristics of the hair and nails, appendages of the skin: |
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Definition
Protective
Cells of epidermis spread down into dermis forming a GERMINAL MATRIX (site of cell division.) |
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Term
| Where is the Germinal Matrix found? |
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Definition
In the appendages of the skin.
The appendages of the skin are Hair and Nails. |
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Term
| What is the function of the Germinal Matrix? |
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Definition
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Term
| Arrector Pili are accessory/appendages of the skin. What are some of the characteristics of arrector pili? |
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Definition
They are Smooth Muscle.
They are attached to the hair.
As a response to stress or fright (goosebumps) the muscle pulls the shaft perpendicular to the skin so they "stand up!" |
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Term
| What are the two types of sweat glands? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of Eccrine Sweat Glands: |
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Definition
| Helps to control body core temperature. |
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Term
| What is the function of Apocrine Sweat Glands? |
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Definition
| They help to control core temperature as well, but at puberty a "scent" emerges. |
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Term
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Definition
They are Glandular Epithelium.
They are Exocrine glands.
They are SEBACEOUS glands.
They secrete Oil called Sebum. |
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Term
| What is the function of the Skin Glands, which are glandular epithelium? |
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Definition
| The sebum that is secreted is protective. |
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Term
| What type of protective oil does the glandular epithelium, skin glands, secrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of gland is a Sweat Gland? |
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Definition
| Sudoriferous (Think "odor"/sweat) |
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Term
| How many mililiters, mL's, of sweat/presperation, is secreted a day on average? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| In the external auditory canal. |
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Term
| True or False: Earwax is called Cerumen. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cermenous glands are glandular epithelium, skin glands. What do they secrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| True or Flase: The number of melanocites is greatest in people of drak skin color. |
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Definition
| False. Among the races, the number of melanocites is about the same. The determination of skin color is the response of the melonocites due to sun exposre. Darker skin colored people's melaninocytes produce melanin in a greater amount. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of pigment in patches |
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Term
| In Inflammation and wound healing, which two skin structres are involves? |
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Definition
| The Epidermis and Dermis. |
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Term
| In Inflammation and wound healing, how does the Epidermis respond? |
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Definition
| The basal (basale) cells that perform mitosis migrate across and replicate filling the damaged tissue in cleanly. |
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Term
| In Infalmmation and wound healing, how does the Dermis respond? |
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Definition
| Connective tissue maintains itself through fibroblasts synthesizing fibers and matrix. If a wound gaps sufficiently, the epidermis cells can't bridge the gap and the scar the forms is from dense irregular connective tissue. It is fiberous and uneven. |
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Term
| There are 5 types of PARALLEL muscle shapes. Name them: |
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Definition
TG p. 12
1. Flat; 2. Sphincter; 3. Fusiform; 4. Strap; 5. Triangular |
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Term
Nama an example of each PARALLEL muscle shape:
1. Flat; 2. Sphincter; 3. Fusiform; 4. Strap; 5. Triangular |
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Definition
TG p. 12
1. Flat=Frontalis
2. Sphincter=orbicularis oculi
3. Fusiform=brachialis
4. Strap=sartorius
5. Triangular=trapezius |
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Term
There are 3 types of PENNATE muscle shapes.
Name them: |
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Definition
TG p. 12
1. Unipennate; 2. Bipennate; 3. Multipennate |
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Term
Name an example of each PENNATE muscle shape:
1. Unipennate; 2. Bipennate; 3. Multipennate |
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Definition
TG p.12
1. Unipennate=tibialis posterior
2. Bipennate=lumbricals
3. Multipennate=deltoid |
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Term
| REVIEW: WHat are the three types of muscle tissue? |
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Definition
| 1. Cardiac; 2. Smooth; 3. Skeletal |
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Term
| What are three functions of [skeletal] muscle tissue are we most concerned with? |
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Definition
| 1. Movement; 2. Heat Regulation; 3. Posture |
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Term
| What are the 4 properties of Muscle Tissue? |
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Definition
Electrically Excitable
Contractility
Extensibility
Elasticity |
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Term
Describe the 4 Properties of Muscle:
1. Electrically Excitable
2. Contractility
3. Extensibility
4. Elasticity |
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Definition
1. Electrical Excitability = responds to the nerve impulse stimulation
2. Contractility=Generates tension - both in shortening and elongation phases
3. Extensibility=the ability of the tissue to stretch/elongate
4. Elasticity=the ability to return a lengthened/stretched state to its resting position. "Snap back" |
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Term
| True or Flase: A muscle fiber is a muscle cell. |
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Definition
True. The terms fibers and cells are interchangeable.
The fiber/cell is the functional unit of the muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
A facile is a bundle of 100's of individula muscle cells called fibers.
A fasicle is wrapped in connective tissue (fascis) called perimysium. |
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Term
| What are the three layers of Connective Tissue - Fascia - that cover skeletal muscle? |
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Definition
1. Epimysium (epi-upon)
2. Perimysium (peri-around)
3. Endomysium (endo-within) |
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Term
Descrine the location of the 3 types of Fascia, connective tissue, that surrounds the skeletal muscle.
1. Epimysium; 2. Perimysium; 3Endomysium |
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Definition
1. Epimysium = covers the entire muscle
2. Perimysium = covers each fasicle
3. Endomysium = covers each muscle fiber |
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Term
| REVIEW: What type(s) of connective tissue is fascia comprised of? |
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Definition
| Loose Aereolar and Adipose |
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Term
As we move below the skin we encounter subcutaneus tissue or SUPERFICIAL Fascia. Deeper to the superficial fascia is the DEEP Fascia. Deep fascia transitions in to TENDONS.
Name the types of Connective Tissue associates with each layer/type. |
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Definition
Superficial Fascia - Hypodermis - Subcutaneus = Loose Areolar and Adipose.
Deep Fascia = Dense Irregular
Tendon = Dense Regular |
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Term
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Definition
A strong, tough cord harnessing muscle to bone.
It is made of Dense Regular C.T. |
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Term
|
Definition
A broad flat sheet of C.T.
It usually merges with the fiberous wrappings of another muscle.
Ex: Linea Alba |
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