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| any material that can be used as basis or source of energy. Primarily, |
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| is capacity to do work and is required for life processes |
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| is something that can produce heat, power life, move object, or produce electricity |
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| Natural material, supply the needed energy |
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| natural sources of power that can regenerate themselves in a short period of time |
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| Solar, Wind, Hydropower, Geothermal, Biomass |
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| Harnessed from the sun using solar panel convert sunlight into electricity |
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| produced by wind turbines that spin when wind blows, particularly in open areas with strong winds |
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| relies on movement of water, such as rivers or dams, and is one of the oldest and most dependable energy sources |
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| from the heat beneath the Earth's surface, used for heating or generate electricity in power plants |
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| derived from organic material like plants and waste, which can be be burned or converted into biofuel like ethanol alternative to gasoline |
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| cannot be replenished in a short period and are finite |
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| Fossil fuel, nuclear energy, coal, natural gas, Oil |
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| Consist of coal, oil, and natural gas, formed from remains of ancient plants and animals buried under layers of sediments |
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| for electricity generation and industrial processes, making it most abundant energy sources |
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| refined into gasoline and other petrochemical, crucial role in transportation and various industries |
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| used for heating and electricity generation, emits less carbon dioxide compared to coal and oil |
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| through nuclear fusions where atoms are split to release energy, produce minimal gas emission but nuclear waste poses significant environmental challenges |
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| Significant environmental impact of energy use, primarily from burning fossil fuels like coal and oils. combustion releases harmful pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter into the atmosphere |
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| respiratory diseases and environmental issues like acid rain, damage ecosystem and infrastructure |
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| Occurs during extraction and processing energy resources. Oil spills. can devastate marine life and contaminate water supplies |
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| Through development of infrastructure for fossil fuel extraction and renewable energy project deforestation for biomass energy or land clearing for solar farms |
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| covers portion of Earth's surface, 71% |
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| 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen (H2O) |
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| transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance |
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| most common liquid on Earth |
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| Vital compound, essential for all forms of life on Earth |
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| exist in 3 states: liquid solid(ice) and gas(_____ vapor) |
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| 69% glaciers and ice caps, 30% underground in aquifers, and less than 1% lakes, rivers and swamps |
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| leads to increased water demand and pollution as cities expand and more people required clean water |
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| major contributor, excessive water usage for irrigation depleting aquifers and affecting local ecosystem |
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| often discharge contaminants into rivers and lake, degrades water quality |
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| driven by human action, alters precipitation pattern and intensifies drought |
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| Deforestation and Land use |
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| disrupt natural water cycle, reduce groundwater recharge and increase runoff |
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