Term
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Definition
| it is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| distinguishing one illness from another |
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Term
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Definition
| the apparent causation and developmental history of an illness |
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Term
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Definition
| a forecast about the probable course of an illness |
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Term
| Criteria of Abnormal Behavior |
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Definition
Deviance - straying form social norms
Maladaptive Behavior - impairment of everyday adaptive behavior
Personal Distress - personal distress |
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Term
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Definition
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder. Used to set criteria for diagnosis.
Axis I: clinical syndromes
Axis II: personality disorders or mental retardation
Axis III: general medical conditions
Axis IV: psychosocial and environmental problems
Axis V: global assessment of functioning (GAF) scale |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of disorders marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety |
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Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) |
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Definition
| a chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat |
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Term
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Definition
| marked by a persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that presents no realistic danger |
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Term
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Definition
| fear of going out to public |
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Term
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) |
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Definition
| persistent, uncontrollable intrusions of unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and urges to engage in senseless rituals (compulsions) |
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Term
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
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Definition
| enduring psychological disturbance attributed to the experience of a major traumatic event |
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Term
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Definition
| the percentage of twin pairs or other pairs of relatives that exhibit the same disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| genuine physical ailments caused in part by psychological factors, especially emotional distress |
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Term
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Definition
| physical ailments that cannot be fully explained by organic conditions and are largely due to psychological factors |
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Term
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Definition
| marked by a history of diverse physical complaints that appear to be psychological in origin |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by a significant loss of physical function (with no apparent organic basis), usually in a single organ system |
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Term
| Hypochondriasis (Hypochondria) |
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Definition
| characterized by excessive preoccupation with one's health and incessant worry about developing physical illness |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of disorders in which people lose contact with portions of their consciousness or memory, resulting in disruptions in their sense of identity |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden loss of memory for important personal information that is too extensive to be due to normal forgetting |
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Term
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Definition
| when people lose their memory for their entire lives along with their sense of personal identity |
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Term
| Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) (Multiple Personality Disorder) |
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Definition
| the coexistence in one person of two or more largely complete, and usually very different, personalities |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of disorders marked by emotional disturbances of varied kinds that may spill over to disrupt physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes |
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Term
| Bipolar Disorder (Manic-Depressive Disorder) |
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Definition
| emotional extremes at both ends of the mood continuum of both depression and mania |
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Term
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Definition
| emotional extremes at just one end of the mood continuum |
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Term
| Major Depressive Disorder |
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Definition
| where people show persistent feelings of sadness and despair and a loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of disorders marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and deterioration of adaptive behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| false beliefs that are maintained even though the clearly are out of touch with reality |
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Term
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Definition
| sensory perceptions that occur in the absence of a real, external stimulus or are gross distortions of perceptual input |
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Term
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Definition
| delusions of persecution, along with elusions of grandeur |
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Term
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Definition
| striking motor disturbances ranging from muscular rigidity to random motor activity |
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Term
| Disorganized Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| a particularly severe deterioration of adaptive behavior is seen |
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Term
| Undifferentiated Schizophrenia |
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Definition
| idiosyncratic mixtures of schizophrenic symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| behavioral deficits, such as flattened emotions, social withdrawal, apathy, impaired attention, and poverty of speech |
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Term
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Definition
| behavioral excesses or peculiarities such as hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and wild flights of ideas |
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Term
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Definition
| excess dopamine activity is the neurochemical basis for schizophrenia |
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Term
| Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis |
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Definition
| schizophrenia is caused in part by various disruptions in the normal maturation processes of the brain before or at birth |
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Term
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Definition
| the degree to which a relative of schizophrenic patient displays highly critical or emotionally over-involved attitudes toward the patient |
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Term
| Anxiety Disorder Subtypes |
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Definition
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Phobic Disorder
Panic Disorder
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
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Term
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Definition
Major Depressive Disorder
Unipolar Disorder
Bipolar Disorder |
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Term
| Schizophrenic Disorder Subtypes |
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Definition
Paranoid Schizophrenia
Catatonic Schizophrenia
Disorganized Schizophrenia
Undifferentiated Schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal syndromes found only in a few cultural groups |
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Term
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Definition
| severe disturbances in eating behavior characterized by preoccupation with weight concerns and unhealthy efforts to control weight |
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Term
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Definition
| intense fear of gaining weight, disturbed body image, refusal to maintain normal weight, and use of dangerous measures to lose weight |
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Term
| Restricting Type Anorexia Nervosa |
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Definition
| where people drastically reduce their intake of food |
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Term
| Binge-Eating/Purging Type Anorexia Nervosa |
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Definition
| where individuals attempt to lose weight by forcing themselves to vomit after meals, by misusing laxatives and diuretics, and by engaging in excessive exercise |
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Term
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Definition
| habitually engaging in out-of-control overeating followed by unhealthy compensatory efforts, such as self-induced vomiting, fasting, abuse of laxatives and diuretics, and excessive exercise |
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Term
| Representativeness Heuristic |
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Definition
| basing the estimated probability of an event on how similar it is to the typical prototype of that event |
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Term
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Definition
| when people estimate that the odds of two uncertain events happening together are greater than the odds of either event happening alone |
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Term
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Definition
| basing the estimated probability of an event on the ease with which relevant instances come to mind |
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