Term
| Which of the following best describes the sequence of the policy-making model process presented by the Kraft/Furlong policy process? |
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Definition
| Agenda setting, policy formulation, policy implementation, policy evaluation |
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Term
| The policy making stage in which public needs are selected for consideration by a legislative body of government: |
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| During the _________ stage of policymaking, legislators rely on policy analysts to develop and study possible policy alternatives for them to consider |
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Term
| _________ are tools, approaches, or methods that policy makers have available to use in order to formulate a policy. |
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Definition
| The government requiring certain activities be done, and if not, assessing penalties |
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Term
| The __________ theory of policymaking emphasizes the formal and legal parts of governmental structure |
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Definition
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| Political systems theory explains policymaking as a process of |
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Definition
| Interaction between the government institutions and the larger social, economic, and cultural context in which they operate |
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Term
| __________ refers to the occasion when the public is aware of and discussing an issue even though politicians may not be discussing the issue |
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| ________ portrays public policy as the product of a continuous struggle among organized interest groups. |
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Term
| The policymaking stage during which new issues are identified as problems for government to address is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the president's major forum for agenda setting and stating the coming years priorities? |
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Definition
| The State of the Union Address |
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Term
| Which of the policy typologies identified by Lowi refers to the situation where government spends money to provide grants or programs without regard to where the money will come from to pay for it? |
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Definition
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Term
| The Occupational Health and Safety Administration spells out the kind of things that buisness and industry must do to protect workers. This is an example of what kind of policy? |
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Definition
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Term
| A (an) ______ instrument of public policy collects revenues from one group and spends it on services for a different group. |
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Definition
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Term
| Kingdon’s _______ refers to three independent sets of activities related to problems, policy proposals, and politics that may converge and bring a public issue onto the agenda. |
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Definition
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Term
| Analyzing problems, studying possibly policy alternatives, and evaluating the efficient or effectiveness of policies are examples of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Making modest changes in policy is known as what? |
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Definition
| Incremental decision making |
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Term
| Which is the correct sequence in the policy analysis process? |
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Definition
| Analyze problem, analyze policy alternatives, develop criteria, assess |
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Term
| Which of the following conduct different kinds of policy analysis that is often very helpful to the policy making process? |
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Definition
| All of the above (Government agencies, interest groups, think tanks) |
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Term
| A growing sector of private organizations that conduct policy research often used by government policymakers are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following illustrates an operational measure of the safety of a community? |
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Definition
| All of the above (index crime rates, automobile crashes per capita, how safe residents report they feel) |
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Term
| A _______ approach to policy analysis focuses on understanding the underlying conditions that are causing a public problem, while the______ approach focuses more on how to alleviate shorter term symptoms of the problem. |
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Definition
| root cause; proximate cause |
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Term
| _______involves defining the problem. Indicating goals and objectives to be sought, considering a range of alternatives, and evaluating each alternative before recommending a particular solution. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is an example of data that could be collected to study the root causes of poverty |
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Definition
| The number of students that drop out of high school |
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Term
| Which of the following is most likely to conduct political forms of policy analysis |
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Definition
| National Rifle Association |
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Term
| Which of the following policy analysis criteria is used if the acceptability of a particular alternative to interest groups, the general public, or politicians is a concern? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following policy analysis criteria would be used if a fair and just evaluation were a concern? |
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Definition
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Term
| _______involves making more minor or modest policy changes. |
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Definition
| Incremental decision making |
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Term
| The purpose of policy analysis is: |
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Definition
| Provide information and impartial assessments of options to aid the policy-making process |
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Term
| Which of the following best defines the rational-comprehensive approach to policymaking? |
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Definition
| Rigorous, complete analysis of the problem and the likely impacts of proposed policies |
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Term
| Policy analysts study the nature of the problem. Which statement below best defines what this refers to? |
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Definition
| The severity, scope and causes of the problem |
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Term
| Market incentives as tools or instruments of policy are defined as |
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Definition
| A special category of taxing or imposing fees to encourage consumers or companies to change behavior |
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Term
| The U.S. government administers the Medicare program. Which of the following describes the type of policy tool being used in this situation? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3. When developing policy alternatives to address a problem, the policymaker should examine______ which refers to how well the policy has worked in a state, pilot test, or other smaller-scale attempt to implement it. |
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Definition
| Real-world or parallel situations |
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Term
| ________ are observable ways to define a problem. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following illustrates an operational measure of school quality? |
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Definition
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Term
| Indicators of sustainability refer to _________the data that attempt to measure a community’s progress toward the goal of sustainability. |
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Definition
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Term
| Governments may invest in training programs for their own staff or for the public. This policy design tool is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ involves finding solutions to a problem by spontaneously sharing ideas without initial regard to practicality or feasibility. |
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Definition
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Term
| Public Service announcements on television or radio represent what form of government policy tool? |
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Definition
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Term
| When government encourages you to buy a home by allowing you to take an interest deduction, it is using which policy instrument? |
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Definition
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Term
| A city that encourage citizens to serve on a community sustainability advisory panel so that they will develop greater awareness and engagement is using a _________ policy tool. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the early 1990s, the state of Wisconsin pilot tested a variety of welfare reform programs such as Workfare and Learnfare. These programs helped the federal government reform its major welfare program in 1996. This is an example of: |
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Definition
| Use of real-world situations to develop policies |
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Term
| President Obama’s health care reform plan included funding for many pilot projects and special studies that will be used to select future policy options to use on a more widespread basis. The funding of these efforts is an example of the policy tool called ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| When determining how to respond to rising energy costs, policymakers assessed the likely environmental, healthy, and safety impacts of energy exploration, development, and use. This an example of: |
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Definition
| Applying risk assessment approaches to analyze policy options |
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Term
| Not every state has laws that require motorcyclists to wear helmets even though they have been shown to reduce the severity of injuries in the event of an accident. States without these laws have weighed the criterion of ________ more strongly than effectiveness. |
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Definition
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Term
| With the scarcity of government resources in the past several years, the evaluative criterion of _______ has become more and more important. |
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Definition
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Term
| Do federally funded abstinence-only programs actually prevent teenage pregnancy? This is a question that relates to the _________ of that policy alternative. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ refers to the availability and reliability of technology needed for policy implementation. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which statement best describes the relationship of policy analysis to the policy process model? |
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Definition
| Policy analysis supports the policy process at several points by increasing understanding of problems and possible solutions. |
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Term
| Cost/benefit analysis is a useful tool in policy analysis. It can be used to: |
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Definition
| Analyze the efficiency of various possible policy alternatives |
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Term
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Definition
| The important aspects of the policy proposal on which you will make comparisons |
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Term
| The “cousin” of cost-benefit analysis does not attempt to assign dollar values to potential benefits, but instead assumes they will occur and looks for the cheapest way to achieve them. |
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Definition
| Cost effectiveness analysis |
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Term
| ________ focuses on analyzing policy results and outcomes. |
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Definition
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Term
| A difficult relatively infrequent type of policy analysis that systematically examines conflicts and concerns about policy alternatives from the standpoint of values and rights is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| A college student could be working as a waiter and earing $20,000 annually. However, he is attending college and forgoing that income. This is an example of the ________ to attend college, a cost that the student hopes will be worth the investment in the long run. |
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Definition
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Term
| The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) uses ________ to determine the level of chemicals and other pollutants that can be present in water and still be considered safe to drink. |
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