Term
| What is the most common etiology of acute bronchitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Viruses that cause acute bronchitis (6) |
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Definition
| Influenza, parainfluenza, RSV, coronavirus, adenovirus, and rhinovirus in this order |
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Term
| Bacteria that cause acute bronchitis (8) |
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Definition
| bordatella pertussis, bordatella parapertussis, branhamella catarrhalis, H influ, strep pneumo |
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Term
| Atypical bacteria that cause acute bronchitis (4) |
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Definition
| mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, legionella species |
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Term
| Yeast and fungi that cause acute bronchitis (6) |
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Definition
| blastomyas dermatitidis, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, cocciodioides immitus, cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum |
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Term
| Noninfectious triggers that cause acute bronchitis |
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Definition
| asthma, air pollution, ammonia, cannabis, tobacco, trace metals, others |
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Term
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Definition
| Infectious or noninfectious trigger leads to bronchial epithelial injury, causes inflammatory response, and airway hyperresponsiveness and mucus production |
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Term
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Definition
| Cough: begins w/i 2 days, may last 2-8 wks |
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Term
| Other s/sx of acute bronchitis (9) |
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Definition
| Sputum, dyspnea, wheezing, CP, fever, hoarseness, malaise, rhonchi and rales |
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Term
| Describe sputum in acute bronchitis |
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Definition
| Clear, white, yellow, green, or tinged with blood |
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Term
| Should there be evidence of consolidation in PE for acute bronchitis? |
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Definition
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Term
| DDx for acute bronchitis (4) |
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Definition
| Chronic bronchitis, pna, postnasal drip syndrome, asthma |
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Term
| How are sx of chronic bronchitis differentiated from acute bronchitis |
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Definition
| Cough and sputum production on most days of the month for at least 3 months of the year during 2 consecutive years |
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Term
| Diagnostic tests used to r/o DDx in a pt suspected to have acute bronchitis |
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Definition
| CXR, spirometry and PFTs, pulse ox |
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Term
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Definition
| usually sx tx only, can use NSAIDS, protussives or antitussives |
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Term
| What does protussive tx do? |
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Definition
| makes cough more effective - used to encourage cough and clear airways |
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Term
| What does antitussive tx do? |
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Definition
| suppresses cough - used if significant discomfort |
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Term
| Are bronchodilators helpful to tx acute bronchitis? |
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Definition
| Not unless severe mucous type airflow obstruction |
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Term
| When is an antibiotic recommended to tx acute bronchitis? |
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Definition
| Comorbidity, >65 yo w/ 2 of the following or >80 yo w/ 1 - hospitalized in the past yr, DM, CHF, or current glucocorticoid use |
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Term
| tx for acute bronchitis w/ etiology of bordetella pertusis? |
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Definition
| MAcrolide abx in 1st wk: erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin |
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Term
| Common side effect of macrolide abx? |
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Definition
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Term
| tx for acute bronchitis if influenza A is the etiology? |
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Definition
| Neurminidase inhibitors in 1st 48hrs - tamiflu (oseltamivir), relenza (zanamivir) |
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Term
| Should amantadine (symmetrel) or rimantidine (flumadine)be used? |
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Definition
| no - viruses have dev. resistance to them |
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Term
| What dx would you consider if consolidation is present? |
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Definition
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