Term
| Elements used to produce a plain radiograph |
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Definition
| Electromagnetic waves are emitted from the machine and interact with the patient - detected by a receptor |
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Term
| Things that can affect the image |
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Definition
1. The amount of current used
2. the beam energy
3. exposure time
4. screen/film response
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Term
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Definition
| objects closer to source appear larger than those closer to the fim- posterior larger than anterior |
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Term
| The more black the structure the less radiodense |
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Definition
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Term
| The more white the structure, the more radiodense |
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Definition
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Term
| Reason to take front CXR as PA |
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Definition
| To reduce heart shadow magnification and provide an accurate hear size |
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Term
| Lateral film orienatation |
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Definition
| patient on left side, right exposed first so right ribs look larger |
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Term
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Definition
| critically ill unable to sit or stand for the typical PA view |
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Term
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Definition
| The AP will bring the heart closer to the chest wasll, making it appear larger, also flatten the ribs and diaphragm |
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Term
| PA and Lateral radiograph findings: |
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Definition
1. Inspiratory effort
2. Trachea and mediastinum
3. heart and great vessels
4. lungs
5. costophrenic angles/diaphragm |
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Term
| Mediastinum considered wide if: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
level of 8-10th rib posteriorly
5-6th rib anteriorly |
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Term
Small bowel normal values:
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Definition
should be:
-3cm or less across
-folds 3 mm or less
-loops no more than 6mm apart
-no more than 3 air-fluid level bowels
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Term
| Large Bowel normal values: |
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Definition
-transverse colon less than 6cm
-cecum less than 9cm
-plicae semilunaris-extend part way acrosss lumen
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Term
AP supine/upright characteristics
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Definition
1. gas pattern/bowel shape or comments about bowel
2. organ shape and size
3. calcification
4. psoas margin
5. bones
6. Basilar lung fields or diaphragm
7. Soft tissue |
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Term
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Definition
1. long (2 ends + shaft)
2. Short (six-sided)
3. Flat
4. Irregular (many sides)
5. sesamoid (depends on stress placed on bone) |
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Term
| Two architectural types of bones |
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Definition
1. Compact (dense)
2. Cancellous (spongy) |
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Term
| In considering an radiograph abnormality you must have: |
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Definition
| two views of each area and they should be right angles of eachother |
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Term
| Anterior column of the spine: |
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Definition
| anterior longitude ligament and ventral half of vertebral body |
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Term
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Definition
| Posterior vertebral body and posterior longitude ligament |
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Term
| Posterior column of the spine |
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Definition
| Everything posterior to middle and anterior |
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Term
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Definition
1. Joint spaces
2. Soft tissue
3. Bone density
4. Bone integrity, alignment, cortex
5. Spine alignment/curvature |
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Term
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Definition
| open wound overlying the fracture |
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Term
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Definition
| CLosed skin overlying the fracture |
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Term
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Definition
| Total loss of congruity b/w articular surfaces of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| any less-than-total loss of congruity b/w articular surfaces |
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