Term
|
Definition
conception to 6 weeks
lung bud appears |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
6-16 weeks gestation
tracheal bronchial tree forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
17-25 weeks gestation
respiratory bronchioles formed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AKA Sacular Phase
26 weeks gestation-birth
surfactant first appears
alveolar sacs begin to form |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
birth to 8-10 years
more and more alveoli formed up until 10 years of age |
|
|
Term
| What organs are contained within the thoracic cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is contained within the mediastinum? |
|
Definition
| Thymus gland, pericardial sac, heart, trachea, major arteries/veins |
|
|
Term
| What structures is the mediastinum a passageway for? |
|
Definition
| esophagus, thoracic duct, nersvous system components |
|
|
Term
| what are the two pleural membranes? |
|
Definition
parietal pleura--outermost pleural membrane
visceral pleura--inner pleural membrane |
|
|
Term
| Thoracic wall layers from outside in |
|
Definition
Skin
Sub Q Fat
Fascia
Intercostal Muscle
Ribs
Parietal Pleura
Visceral Pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid accumulation in the pleural space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lubircation
decreased friction
airtight seal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rib motion during breathing |
|
Definition
| move up and out like a bucket handle |
|
|
Term
| Sternum motion during breathing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Active muscles of inspiration |
|
Definition
Diaphragm
External Intercostals |
|
|
Term
| Accessory muscles of ventilation |
|
Definition
sternocleidomastoids
scalenes
pectoralis
trapezius |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
none typically used as it's a passive process
abdominals and internal intercostals used in forced expiration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
up & down
side to side
expands and contracts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bifurcation point of the trachea
very sensitive |
|
|
Term
| Layers of the tracheobronchial tree from outside in |
|
Definition
adventitia
hyaline cartilage
submucosal glands
mucosa
*trachealis muscle runs down posterior side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where the bronchi enter the lungs |
|
|
Term
| Number of divisions contained in the conducting airway zone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Respiratory zone divisions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cilia in the respiratory tract |
|
Definition
not in the respiratory zone, none after terminal bronchioles
beat to force mucus out |
|
|
Term
| layers of the bronchial wall from the outside in |
|
Definition
connective tissue
cartilage
smooth muscle, which contains bronchial glands
lamina propria
basement membrane
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
goblet and serous cells
sol layer
gel layer |
|
|
Term
| How many alveoli are at the end of each alveolar duct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
really flat squamos epithelia
250 micrometers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| manufacture and store surfactant |
|
|
Term
| What holds the mouth of the alveoli open? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| openings in the alveolar septa that allow air to move between the alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| openings to a secondary respiratory bronchiole |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the majority of the lungs resistance |
|
Definition
| the first 6 branches of the airway |
|
|
Term
| what part of the airway comprises dead space in the airway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to the velocity of air as it travels to the alveoli |
|
Definition
| velocity of air decreases |
|
|
Term
| From the pharynx to the terminal bronchioles gas moves by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Beyond the terminal bronchioles gas moves by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in velocity/change in pressure |
|
|
Term
| Pulmonary circulation path |
|
Definition
lungs receive all output from right side of heart
pulmonary trunk--> right and left pulm. arteries--> main arteries--> lobar arteries--> segmental arteries--> arterioles--> capillaries--> venules--> veins--> pulmonary vein--> left atrium |
|
|
Term
| What is bronchial circulation? |
|
Definition
| nutritive blood flow to the lung that is not involved in gas exchange |
|
|
Term
| Diameter of pulmonary capillaries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long does a RBC spend in the capillary network? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the capillaries in the lung arranged? |
|
Definition
| In parallel so resistance is low |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surfactant--> type 1 cell wall--> basement membrane--> interstitial space--> capillary wall endothelium--> plasma--> erythrocyte |
|
|
Term
| Efferent innervation of the lung |
|
Definition
| comprised of the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic & parasympathetic) |
|
|
Term
| Afferent innervation of the lungs |
|
Definition
stretch and irritant receptors
via vagus nerve |
|
|
Term
| Some defenses of the airway |
|
Definition
mucus
brownian motion
turbinates act as filters
sneezing |
|
|
