Term
| What data is collected when it comes to vital statistics? |
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Definition
| Births, deaths, and abortions |
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Term
| What data is NOT collected when it comes to vital statistics? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Can your information be shared with other people or corporations? |
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Definition
| No, it is confidential and is not allowed unless you give consent. |
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Term
|
Definition
| unprotected sex where there is an exchange of fluids. |
|
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Term
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Definition
| It is NOT spread by a vector(insect). |
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Term
| Which diseases have been eradicated? |
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Definition
| Small Pox and Polio (in the western hemisphere) |
|
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Term
| What has not been eradicated? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Are animals a reservoir for measles? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are animals a reservoir for? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the ways HIV can be transmitted?? |
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Definition
-Sexual Contact
-Sharing/Using unclean needles
-Breast Feeding/prenatal |
|
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Term
| Is there a cure for AIDS? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease DOES NOT originate in animals?? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does HIV/AIDS originate from?? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does Ebola originate from? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does Monkey Pox and Hantavirus originate from? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does West Nile Virus and hemorrhagic fevers originate from? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the purpose of the census? |
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Definition
| To gather information about the general population |
|
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Term
| What is a difference between vital statistics and the census? |
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Definition
Vital statistics:Ongoing
Census:Every 10 years |
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Term
| What is white-footed mice a reservoir for? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria is found in cattle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the reservoir for Legionnaires disease? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main source of cholesterol? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What age can Anthersclerosis affect? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Can cancer arise from a virus? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Where can cancer arise from?? |
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Definition
| DNA mutations from chemicals, viruses and radiation. |
|
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Term
| What causes the 1/3 of all cancer deaths? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the major cause of disability? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is NOT a known cause of birth defects? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is known to cause birth defects? |
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Definition
| infectious agents, drugs, and chemicals |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Environmental agents that cause birth defects. |
|
|
Term
| What infectious diseases cause birth defects? |
|
Definition
| Syphilis, rubella, and taxoplasmosis |
|
|
Term
| What drugs cause birth defects? |
|
Definition
-Thalidomide:limb deformities
-Accutane:acne
-Diethylstilbestrol:hormone |
|
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Term
| When is newborn screening done? |
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Definition
| When it benefits the newborn and if there is a confirmed diagnosis that will then be followed by available treatment and follow-up. |
|
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Term
| What are chemical teratogens? |
|
Definition
-Alcohol:fetal alcohol syndrome
-Tobacco:premature
-Cocaine/heroin: withdrawl symptoms |
|
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Term
| What is the goal of genomic medicine? |
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Definition
| To analyze the whole of human DNA and construct a map. |
|
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Term
| What are some findings that the Human Genome Project found? |
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Definition
-How genes effect metabolism of some drugs, resulting if the person needs a lower or higher dose.
-Able to design drugs specific for a persons genetic make-up
-Attacking tumor growth by a drug that attack cellular mechanisms for certain mutations. |
|
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Term
| What are the major killers of the past? |
|
Definition
-Bubonic Plague
-Tuberculosis
-Small pox
-cholera
-typhus
-Yellow Fever
-Diptheria
-Measles
-Influenze |
|
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Term
| What are infectious agents? |
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Definition
| Bacteria,Viruses, and parasites. |
|
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Term
| What infectious agents are from bacteria? |
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Definition
| Tuberculosis,cholera,staph,strep,syphilis,dysentry,typnoid,tetanus, and diptheria. |
|
|
Term
| What infectious agents are from viruses? |
|
Definition
| small pox, polio, hepatitus,measles,rabies, AIDS, and yellow fever. |
|
|
Term
| What is the chain of infection? |
|
Definition
-Pathogen
-Reservoir
-Means of transmission
-Susceptible host |
|
|
Term
| How can an infection be transmitted? |
|
Definition
-by air/aerosol
-touching contaminated object and putting it to your mouth/eyes/nose
-Contaminated food/water-fecal-oral route
-vectors
-sexual contact |
|
|
Term
| How does public health combat infectious diseases? |
|
Definition
-Epidemiologic surveillance
-Contact tracing
-Immunization and treatment of infected patients to prevent spread
-Necessary quarantine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fatal disease of the nervous system caused by a virus, reservoir is dogs/wild animals. |
|
|
Term
| What are some primary prevention techniques people use to prevent the spread of rabies? |
|
Definition
Immunizing dogs/cats beforehand and baiting wild animals to take an oral rabies vaccine.
-Killed/tested and areas surveyed for any spreads |
|
|
Term
| What is secondary prevention people use after rabies is contracted by the dog or person? |
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Definition
-An already affected dog has the virus affect is brain which then travels to the salivary glands. If it already has brain involvement it will be dead in a couple of days.
-For people, immediate hospitalization with a series of shots over a months time. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| an RNA virus, so it constantly changes to elude the human immune system. So vaccines always need to be updated yearly. |
|
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Term
| How did the incidence of tuberculosis decline? |
|
Definition
| An early public health movement. Where they improved slum housing, sanitation, pasturization of milk. |
|
|
Term
| Who was MOST susceptible to tuberculosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are chronic diseases? |
|
Definition
-The leading cause of death and disease
-Has multiple risk factors
-Long period onset
-Possibility of secondary prevention |
|
|
Term
| What is cardiovascular disease? |
|
Definition
| The event of a stroke or heart disease |
|
|
Term
| What kind of cholesterol do you want? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of LDL do you want? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of HDL do you want? |
|
Definition
High
-exercise would raise it
-smoking lowers is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is hypertension and cardiovascular disease connected? |
|
Definition
| If you have high blood pressure, it is one of the many risk factors that can lead to cardiovascular disease. |
|
|
Term
| What is a borderline high-blood pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal/below blood pressure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-"childhood onset"
-failure to produce insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-"adult onset"
-insulin resistance
-correlates to obesity |
|
|
Term
| How are genetic disease caused? |
|
Definition
-chromosomal abnormalities
-May be caused to new mutations in the DNA |
|
|
Term
| How can the environment the chances of a DNA mutation? |
|
Definition
-environment can effect severity
-anencephaly and spina bifida
-folic acid supplements reduce risk |
|
|
Term
| What does new born screening look for? |
|
Definition
| -Metabolic abnormalities? |
|
|
Term
| What Metabolic abnormalities does Newborn screening look for? |
|
Definition
-PKU and hypothyroidism
-Most are autosomal recessive
-Early diagnosis-prevention/reduce damage |
|
|
Term
| What is carrier screening? |
|
Definition
Looking for recessive genes in high-risk populations
-Tay-Sachs in Jews
-Sickle Cell in african americans |
|
|
Term
| What is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act? |
|
Definition
| Prevents discrimination by health insurers on the basis of DNA.To encourage people to be more willing to participate in research studies without fearing that it will be used against them. |
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