Term
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Definition
| a smooth layer of cartilage covering the epiphyses of bones and found only in synovial joints |
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Term
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Definition
| a small fluid-filled sac in the shoulder, elbow and knee joints that provides a cushioning effect during movement |
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Term
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Definition
| the small bones of the wrist |
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Term
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Definition
| the small narrow bones of the hand |
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Term
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Definition
| a joint where the material between bones consists of cartilage that allows some movement between bones |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the skull, the bones that surround the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| movement away from the body midline |
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Term
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Definition
| movement toward the body midline |
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Term
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Definition
| turning the distal end of a bone in a circle |
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Term
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Definition
| a tough, fibrous connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| the bone of the upper leg or thigh |
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Term
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Definition
| a joint where the material between bones consists of fibrous connective tissue that allows very little or no movement between them |
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Term
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Definition
| the smaller of two bones of the lower leg |
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Term
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Definition
| bending the foot or toes upward |
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Term
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Definition
| decreasing the angle between bones (bending a joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes downward toward the ground |
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Term
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Definition
| the upper, winged-shaped bone of the pelvic girdle |
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Term
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Definition
| the inferior bone of the pelvic girdle |
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Term
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Definition
| a crescent-shaped cartilage that helps to stabilize joint movements |
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Term
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Definition
| a flattened tendon, it functions as a fascia that joins muscles together or joins muscle to bone |
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Term
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Definition
| a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the marrow cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone cell that is mobile and secretes bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone cell that dissolves bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| a bone cell that is stationary, locked within bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue that forms the outermost layer of a bone |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the skull, 2 bones at the top of the head |
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Term
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Definition
| the bone that forms the kneecap |
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Term
| phalanges of the fingers or toes |
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Definition
| the small narrow bones of the fingers or toes |
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Term
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Definition
| the long, narrow shaft portion of long bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the anterior part of the pelvic girdle |
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Term
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Definition
| a cartilaginous joint that is the point of fusion for two pubic bones |
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Term
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Definition
| the bone of the forearm (lower arm) that is in line with the thumb |
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Term
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Definition
| 4 vertebrae that fuse in early childhood into a single bone forming the dorsal wall of the pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| a division of the skeleton that includes the bones of the appendages and pectoral and pelvic girdles |
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Term
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Definition
| a division of the skeleton that includes the bones that are located along or near the central vertical axis of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| the muscle tissue that forms the muscles attached to bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a joint containing the synovial fluid within a sac of connective tissue allowing for the most movement between bones relative to fibrous joints and cartilaginous joints |
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Term
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Definition
| the fluid produced by the synovial membrane, which provides lubrication and a shock-absorbing cushion in synovial joints |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a band of fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone |
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Term
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Definition
| turning a body part outward |
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Term
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Definition
| turning a body part inward |
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Term
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Definition
| the first 7 bones of the vertebral column, numbered C1 to C7 from superior to inferior |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrocartilaginous disc located between verterbrae |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 vertebrae of the lower spine, numbered L1 to L5 |
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Term
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Definition
| 12 vertebrae of the thorax, numbered T1 to T12; each one articulates with a pair of ribs |
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Term
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Definition
| the spinal column; 31 vertebrae in a linear formation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 3-5 fused vertebrae that form the tailbone |
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Term
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Definition
| bone tissue (connective tissue) consisting of compacted, hardened mineral salts and collagen arranged in circular layers around a central bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increasing the angle between bones (straightening a joint) |
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Term
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Definition
| part of the skull, the bone of the forehead |
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Term
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Definition
| the bone of the brachium (upper arm) |
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Term
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Definition
| two facial bones between each orbit and the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| tough bands of fibrous tissue that stabilizes joints |
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Term
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Definition
| the 2 legs; left and right |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an internal chamber within the diaphysis; medullary cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| the upper jaw bone of the face |
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Term
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Definition
| two facial bones forming the bridge of the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| turning the palm downward |
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Term
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Definition
| soft, gel-like connective tissue within spongy bone where blood cells are manufactured |
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Term
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Definition
| turning a bone on its own axis |
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Term
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Definition
| the bone forming the shoulder blade |
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Term
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Definition
| bone tissue consisting of thin plates of hardened bone forming an interlocking meshwork, with blood-rich, red bone marrow in between plates |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the larger of the two bones of the lower leg |
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Term
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Definition
| the lateral bone of the forearm, which is not in line with the thumb |
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Term
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Definition
| the 2 arms; left and right |
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Term
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Definition
a facial bone forming part of the nasal septum |
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Term
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Definition
| cartilage located at the lower end of the sternum, which attaches to the diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue rich in fat, which occupies the marrow cavity of bones |
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Term
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Definition
| two facial bones forming part of the cheek |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an inabilty to coordinate muscles while executing a voluntary movement |
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Term
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Definition
| lacking development or wasting |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| deformities arising during development |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| muscle tenderness or pain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal, slow growth of long bones resulting in unusually short,stocky limbs |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal condition of joint stiffness |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation and degenration of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of teh big toe |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a calcium deposit (or stone) within a bursa |
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Term
| carpal tunnel syndrome (CPS) |
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Definition
| repetitive stress injury in which the nerves of the wrist generate pain impulses due to inflammation of synovial sheaths |
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Term
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Definition
| dropping of the wrist; wrist drop |
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Term
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Definition
| deterioraion or softening of cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| prolonged, involuntary muscular contractions |
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Term
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Definition
a congenital fissure of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of an intervertebral disk |
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Term
| Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (DMD) |
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Definition
| a congenital condition resulting in progressive muscular weakness and deterioration |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the cartilages of the elbow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints (usually the big toe joints), causing localized pain; gouty arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
| a rupture of an intervertebral disk, resulting in the protrusion of tissue against spianl nerves, which generates pain |
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Term
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Definition
| a deformity of the spine characterized by the presence of a hump; hunchback |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the lateral tendon of the elbow; tennis elbow |
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Term
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Definition
a deformity of the spine characterized by an anterior curve of the lumbar area |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited condition resulting in excessive cartilage formation at the epiphyseal plates, forming long arms and legs |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the maxilla |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a meniscus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a malignant tumor of bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| a spasm or twitching of a muscle or muscle group |
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Term
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Definition
| protrusion of a muscle thrtough its fascia |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| viral infection of bone that causes deformities of the skeleton resulting from the acceleration of bone loss; Paget's disease |
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Term
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Definition
| a form of arthritis characterized by an age-related deterioration of joints that is accompanied by erosion of cartilage and painful inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of bone and associated cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| a benign tumor of the bone, in which the bone contains fibrous connective tissue that surrounds bone |
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Term
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Definition
| an inherited condition resulting in impaired growth and fragile bones, leading to progressive skeletal deformation and frequent fractures; brittle bone syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| a gradual and painful softening of bones |
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Term
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Definition
a painful infection caused by bacteria, characterized by inflammation of the red bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excessive formation of dense bone, which crowds out marrow cavities and leads to cutting off blood supply to the bone; marble bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| paralisys of both legs and the lower part of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of many muscles simultaneously |
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Term
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Definition
| paralysis of all 4 appendages |
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Term
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
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Definition
| a form of arthritis characterized by progressive, gradual joint deterioration that is caused by an autoimmune response |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| trauma to the spinal cord often resulting in paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the intervertebral joints |
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Term
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Definition
| an injury resulting from stretching a ligament beyond its normal range, tearing its collagen fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| an injury resulting from stretching a muscle beyond its normal range, tearing muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| cancer of the synovial membrane in a joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of a tendon and the synovial membrane that surrounds it |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture of a joint to aspirate (suction) fluids from the synovial cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| breaking of an abnormally stiff joint during surgery to increase range of motion |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical fixation (stabilization) of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray film of a joint after injection of air, contrast media or both |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a joint or total joint replacement |
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Term
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Definition
| surgery of a joint using the arthroscope |
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Term
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Definition
| endoscopic visual examination of a joint cavity using fiber optic instrument, called the arthroscope |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into a joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into a bursa |
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Term
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Definition
| a field of therapy that mainly involves manipulation of the vertebral column |
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Term
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Definition
| a specialist in chiropractic |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of a joint cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a joint cartilage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a defect in the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical entry into the cranium |
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Term
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Definition
| exicision of an intervertebral disk |
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Term
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Definition
| a diagnostic procedure that records the strength of muslce contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into fascia |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of part of a vertebra known as the lamina, often as part of treatment for a herniated disk |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of muscle tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| closing a muscle with sutures |
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Term
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Definition
| construction and fitting or orthopedic appliances to assist in patient movement |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician specializing in orthotics |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| surgical breaking of a bone to correct a defect |
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Term
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Definition
| a physician trained in osteopathy; osteopathic surgeon |
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Term
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Definition
| a medical field that emphasizes the relationship between the musculoskeletal system and overall health with an emphasis on preventative medicine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a physician trained in podiatry; chiropodist |
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Term
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Definition
| medical field specializing in treating the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| an artifical substitute for a missing body part |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into the verterbral column |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical connection of adjacent vertebrae; spondylosyndesis |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of a joint's synovial membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of a muscle and its tendon |
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Term
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Definition
| closing a tendon with sutures |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| anterior cruciate ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| herniated nucleus pulposus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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