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| deal with emotinoal conflict or internal/external stressors by actions rather than reflections or feelings |
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| individual deals with emotional conflict or internal/external stressors by turning to others for help (ex: share problems with others, but not make them someone elses responsibility) |
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| deal with probems by dedication to the needs of otehrs (receives gradification vicariously or from the response of others) |
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| experience the emotional reactions in advance of, or anticipating consequences of, possible future events and considering realistic, alternative responses or solutions |
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| excessive daydreaming as a substitute for human relationships, more effective action, or problem solvin |
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| attributes exaggerated negative quailities to self or others |
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| transfer feeling about, or a response to, one object onto another substitute object that is less threatening |
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| breakdown of usual integrated functions of consciousness, memory, perception of self or the environment, or sensory/motor behavior |
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| help-rejecting complaining |
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| complain or make repetitious requests for help that disguise covert feelings of hostility or reproach toward others, which are then expressed by rejecting the suggestions, advice, or help that others offer |
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| emphasize amusing or ironic aspects of the conflict or stressor |
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| attribute exaggerated positive qualities to others |
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| excessive use of abstract thinking or making generalizations to control or minimize disturbing feelings |
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| seperates ideas from feelings originally associated with them; lose tuse with feelings associated with a given idea (ex: traumatic event) while remembering cognitive elements (ex: descriptive details) |
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- indirectly or unassertively expressin aggresion toward others
- overt compliance masking covert resistance, resentment, hostility
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| falsly attributes to another his/her own unacceptable feelins, impulses, thoughts |
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| projective identification |
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- falsely attributes to another his/her own feelings, impulses thoughts,
- unlike simple projections, individual remains aware of his/her own affects or impulses, but misattributes them as justifiable reactions to the other person
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| conceals true motivations of his/her own thoughts, actions, feelins through elaboration of reassuring or self-serving but incorrect explanations |
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| substitutes behavior, thoughts, or feelings that are diametrically opposed to his or her own unacceptable thoughts or feelings |
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| expelling disturbing wishes, thoughts, or experiences from conscious awareness |
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| express his/her feelings and thoughts directly in a way that is not coercive or manipulative |
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| reflects his own personal thoguhts, feelings, motivation, behavior, and responding appropriately |
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| compartmentalize opposite affect states and failing to integrate the positive and the negative quailities of the self or others into coesive images |
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| channeling potentially maladaptive feelins or impulses into socially acceptly behavior (ex: contact sports) |
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| intentionally avoiding thinking about disturbing problems, wishes, feelings, experiences |
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| words or behavior designed to negate or make amends symbolically for unacceptable thoughts, feelings, actions |
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