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| the branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others |
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| process of forming impressions of others |
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| effects of physical appearance |
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| -good looking ppl tend ot appear like they are more sociable |
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organized clustes of ideas about categories of social events and ppl
-ppl place other ppl in categories and these categories influence the process of person perception |
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| widely held beliefs that pl have certain characteristics b/c of their membership in a particular group |
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| occurs when ppl estimate that they have encountered more confirmations of an association between social traits than they have actually seen |
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| ppl see what they want to see and over estimate how they see it |
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| inferences taht ppl draw about the causes of events, others behavior, and their behavior |
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| causes of behavior to personal dispositions,traits, abilities, and feelings |
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| causes of behavior to situational demands and environmental constraints |
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| your view of your own behavior can be quite different from the view of someone else observing you |
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| fundamental attriution error |
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| refers to observers bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others behavior |
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| tendency to attribute one's successes to personal factors and one's failures to situational factors |
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| involves putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships |
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| involves putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining ones identity in terms of the groups one belongs to |
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| refers to positive feelings toward another |
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| key factors in attraction |
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| physical attractiveness, similarity effects, reciprocity effects, romantic ideals |
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| involves liking those who show they like you |
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| complete absorption in another that includes tender sexual feelings and the agony and ecstasy of intense emotion |
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| warm, trusting, tolerant affection for another whose life is deeply intertwined with one's own |
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| ppls intimate relationships in adulthood follow the same form as their attachments in infancy |
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| relatively easy to get close to others and described their love relatinos as trusting |
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| anxious ambivalent attachment |
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| preocupation with love accoumpanied by expectations of rejection and described their love relations as volatile and marked by jealousy |
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| difficult to get close to others and described their love relations as lacking intimacy |
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| positive or negative evaluations of objects of thoughts |
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| source, message, channel, reciever |
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| source factors for persuasion |
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-high credibility
-expertise on the subject
-trustwothiness |
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| message factors in persuasions |
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-fear appel versus logic
-one sided vs.two sided argument
-# of strong or weak arguements
-repetition |
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| channel factors in persuasions |
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-in person
-on television or radio
-via newspaper or magazine
-via computer |
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| reciever factors or persuasions |
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-personality
-expectations
-strength of preexisting attitudes
-prior knowledge of the issues |
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| learning theory with attitude formation |
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-classical, operant conditioning
-observational learning |
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| dissonance theory of attitude formation |
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| inconsistency among attitudes propels ppl in the direction of attitude change |
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| exists when related attitudes or beliefs are inconsistent |
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| central role of the elaboration likelihood model |
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| persuation based on content and logic of the message then careful processing of the information and the result is more durable attitude change |
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| Peripheral route of elaboration likelihood model |
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| persuasion based on nonmessage factors such as attractiveness, redibility, emotion then minimal processing of the information the result is less durable attitude change |
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| ppl yield to real or imagined social pressure |
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| form of compliance that occurs when ppl follow direct commands, usually from someone ina position of authority |
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| ppl are less likely to provide neede help when they are in groups then when they are alone |
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| 2 reasons for less productivity when the group increases |
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| reduced efficiency and social loafing |
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| a reduction in effort by individuals when they work in groups as compared to when they work by themselves |
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group discussion strengthens a groups dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decisiion in the direction
-groups take riskier decisions then individuals |
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| members of a cohesive group emphasize cconcurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision |
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| strength of the liking relationships linking group members to each other and to the group itself |
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