Term
| Sandifer's Syndrome/Reflux |
|
Definition
| head/neck extension, arching torso |
|
|
Term
| Benign Neonatal Myoclonus |
|
Definition
| Rhythmic jerking movements while asleep, no post-ictal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| twist head to 1 side, lasts minutes-days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nystagmus, head bobbing, torcollis b/c brain stem irritation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| upper body, no LOC, Toddlers |
|
|
Term
| Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pain, anger, fright --> cyanosis/LOC --> rapid recovery. Toddlers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Don't respond & don't recall the next morning. Toddlers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cluster of clonic seizures @4-7 months, Cognitive & developmental impairment, poor prognosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benign Neonatal Familial Convulsions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy |
|
Definition
| Morning generalized myoclonic seizures, Poor prognosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trisomy 21: hypotonia, cardiac defects (ASD, VSD, AV septal defect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 45 XO: short, gonadal dysgenesis, coarctation risk, horseshoe kidney |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 47 XXY: Hypogonadism, Male external genitalia, female fat & hair distribution, tall & slender |
|
|
Term
| Fragile X Syndrome (Gen, Pathophys, Sx) |
|
Definition
| FMR1 promoter TriNuc repeat, pruning: MR, autism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| del(4P): hypotonia, scalp, heart defects, seizures, dysmorphic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| del(17)p(13.3), LIS1: Lissencephalic Brain, spasticity, microcephaly, MR, seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| del(7): pulmonary stenosis |
|
|
Term
| Prader-Willi & Angelman Syndrome (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| del(15): Hypotonia, Hypogonadism, Obese, MR |
|
|
Term
| Kinesigenic Dystonic Choreatheosis |
|
Definition
| "Physical exertion--> dystonia |
|
|
Term
| DDX Chronic Progressive HA |
|
Definition
| Hydrocephalus, tumors, congenital malformations, CNS infection, subdural hematoma, HTN, Drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Migraine, Tension HA, Cluster HA, Epileptic syndromes, neuralgias |
|
|
Term
| General Etiology of Headaches |
|
Definition
| Vascular (migraines, cluster), muscular (tension), Intracranial Pressure (high or low), Inflammatory/Infectious (URI, meningitis), Neuralgia (neurogenic), Psychogenic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1)Language/Communication delay 2)Cognitive problems 3)Restricted Interest & repetitive behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mild form of autism manifesting w/o disorders of communication or cognition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-Linked, mortal to male fetus, females have retardation by age 4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| perceiving stimulation that doesn't exist |
|
|
Term
| Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) |
|
Definition
| Genes: NO Synthetase, FVII, plasminogen activator inhibitor, lymphotoxin: Inflammation, coagulation & abnormal vascular response --> Cerebral palsy. Dx: Cystic structures surrounding ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Retarded communication, not sitting up, early development of handedness, hyper/hypotonia, schizencephaly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genetic: Periventricular leukomalacia, schizencephaly, Rh & ABO hemolytic disease, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, maternal/natal infection, prematurity, substance abuse, toxins (Pb), acidosis, trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| calm, apathetic, unexcitable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Distractability, Irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of ideas, Agitation/goal-directed Activity, Sleeps less, Talkativeness/pressured speech |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subclinical bipolar disorder lasting 2+ yrs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| SIGECAPS 5/8+ Depression for 2 wks: Sleep Disturbance, loss of Interest Guilt/worthlessness, Energy loss, Concentration loss, Appetite change, Psychomotor retardation/agitation, Suicidal ideations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mild depression lasting 2+ yrs |
|
|
Term
| ElectroConvulsive Therapy (Use, SE) |
|
Definition
| Tx-Refractory depression, Disorientation, anterograde & retrograde amnesia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sx of PTSD for less than 1 mo |
|
|
Term
| Cluster A Personality Disorders |
|
Definition
| "Weird" Paranoid, Schizoid (voluntary social withdrawal), Schizotypal (interpersonal awkwardness w/ odd beliefs) |
|
|
Term
| Cluster B Personality Disorders |
|
Definition
| "Wild" Antisocial/Sociopath, Borderline (unstable relationships, croses social boundaries, impulsive, emptiness), Histrionic (Scarlet O'Hare: emotionality, attention seeking), Narcissistic |
|
|
Term
| Substance DEPENDENCE (3/7) |
|
Definition
| Tolerance, withdrawal, Large amounts & for more time, Persistent desire to cut down, overwhelms time & energy spent, Occupation/Social life suffers, use despite awareness of it being a problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Failure to fulfil obligations, Physically hazardous circumstances, Legal problems, Continued use despite problems it causes |
|
|
Term
| Separation Anxiety Disorder |
|
Definition
| Fear of separation from primary attachment figure 1mo+ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refuse to speak in social situations for 1mo+. Preschool aged |
|
|
Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Def) |
|
Definition
| Inappropriate/excessive worry in multiple settings for 6 mos+ |
|
|
Term
| Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Strep (PANDAS) |
|
Definition
| Strep molecular mimicry --> autoimmune attack on basal ganglia. Sx: OCD, tics, chorea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Produce NE that projects to forebrain & amygdala |
|
|
Term
| Interomediolateral Column |
|
Definition
| modulates the sympathetic system |
|
|
Term
| SSRI (SE, Withdrawal, Tox) |
|
Definition
| Nausea, Diarrhea, H/A, agitation/anxiety, Mania. Withdrawal: Flu-like sx, malaise, head & finger "zinging." Serotonin Syndrome: Confusion & hallucinations, Hyperthermia, HTN & Tachy, Myoclonus, clonus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Histamine:Sedation AntiAcH:Anhidrosis, Blurred vision, Other:Arrhythmias,HypoTN, Orthostasis. Serotonin Syndrome. 1-wk supply is lethal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agitation & Anxiety; insomnia, GI, H/A. Serotonin Syndrome. hypertensive crisis w/TYRAMINE-containing foods. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mania + major depression OR subthreshold depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Major depression + mania OR hypomania |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| STEROIDS, cocaine, HIV, SLE, Hypoxia, MS, stroke. Most common for 50+ |
|
|
Term
| Rostral & Caudal Raphe Nuclei |
|
Definition
| Project serotonergic neurons, especially to the forebrain & midbrain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fear of interacting w/unfamiliar people & negative evaluation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MI, PE, Hyperthyroid, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Pheochromocytoma, Caffeine intoxicatoin, Stimulant abuse or sedative withdrawal (benzos), PTSD, Specific or Social phobias, OCD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intrusive thoughts that are distressing/inappropriate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Major Depression, phobias, panic, tourette |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Random, non-repetitive movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Slow writhing mvmt in digits, sometimes face/neck |
|
|
Term
| Tourette's Disorder (Sx, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Motor, vocal tics. Exacerbated by tension/stress. Tx: Dopamine antagonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constipation, Respiratory depression, Pruritus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduced therapeutic effect of a medication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Withdrawal symptoms following abstinence from subst |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Misperception of something that is there |
|
|
Term
| Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Alcoholism --> Thiamine/B12 deficiency --> Wernicke: Opthalmoplegia, ataxia & confusion. Followed by Korsakoff:Memory loss & personality change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anxiety & depression, precede psychosis by ~5 yrs. If present, indicates a poorer prognosis than rapid-onset psychosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| PARANOID: Good prognosis, less severe & less (-) DISORGANIZED: Incoherence, inappropriate affect CATATONIC: Catatonic stupor, unresponsive Residual: Primarily negative sx |
|
|
Term
| Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| Hallucinations, Delusions, Thought Disorder (incoherence, false connections), Disorganized Behavior, Stereotypic & Bizarre Behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary movement of head, trunk, limbs (worm-like tongue movements), tics & blinking, jaw mvmt. Associated with neuroleptic/antipsychotic treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia vs Schizophreniform D. vs Schizoaffective D. vs Schizotypal PD vs Schizoid PD |
|
Definition
| SCHIZOPHRENIA: SCHIZOPHRENIFORM D.: Schizophrenia Sx for 1 to 6mos BRIEF PSYCHOTIC D: Schizophrenia Sx less than 1mo SCHIZOAFFECTIVE D: Schizophrenia + Mood Disorder SCHIZOTYPAL PD: |
|
|
Term
| Mental Status Exam Components |
|
Definition
| ABC STAMP LICKER Appearance, Behavior, Cooperation, Speech, Thought, Affect, Mood, Perception, LOC, Insight, Cognition, Knowledge, Endings, Reliability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Psychomotor disturbance w/ physical rigidity, negativism, stupor. Occurs in Schizophrenia, mood disorders & mental disorders |
|
|
Term
| Brief Psychotic D. --> Schizophreniform D. --> Schizophrenia |
|
Definition
| Brief Psychotic D= <1 month, Schizophreniform D= 1-6 months, Schizophrenia= 6 months+ |
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia Treatment Principles |
|
Definition
| 2nd gen Antipsychotic --> 1st gen antipsychotics. Montherapy ideal, mood stabilizers/antidepressant adjunctive tx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quietapine, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thioridazine, Haloperidol, Fluphenazine, Chlorpromazine (-azine's + Haloperidol) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| I. Anxiety, tremor, nystagmus, elevated HR, BP, temp, Gran Mal Seizures. II. Alc. Withdrawal Delirium: @ day 3: CARDIAC ARYTHMIAS, Delirium, hallucinations, autonomic hyperactivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disulfiram, Naltrexone, Acamprosate (dependence), Benzodiazepines (withdrawal tx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nicotine replacement, Bupropion, Varenicline |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Motor, Sensory, Fits/Convulsions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Extension of R hip when concentrating on flexing L hip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kg/m^2. Underweight: <19, Normal: 19-25, Overweight: 25-30, Obese: 30-40, Morbidly Obese: 40+ |
|
|
Term
| Bulimia Nervosa v. Binge Eating Disorder v. Anorexia |
|
Definition
| BN: Normal-low wt, binge 2x/wk for 3mos, +/-Purging, distressed by body image BED: Normal-high wt, binge 2x/mo for 6 mos, distressed by body image Anorexia: BMI <17.5 and/or amenorrhea, subjective binging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| I WATCH DEATH Infection, WithdrAwal, Trauma, Cns pathology, Hypoxia, Deficiency of vitamins, Endocrinopathies(Ca, T, ACTH), Acute vascular insults, Toxins (Benadryl, TCAs, Dopaminergics), Heavy metals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IMPAIRED ATTENTION, incoherence, hallucinations. Acute, fluctuating, reversible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alzheimer's, Frontotemporal D., Lewy Body D, MS, Hydrocephalus, Vascular dementia, Trauma, B12/Folate/Thiamine deficiency, Infections. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ATTENTION INITIALLY INTACT, Language (apraxia, agnosia, aphasia), executive functions, short term memory loss, disorientation. Insidious, persistent & chronic. |
|
|
Term
| Frontotemporal Dementia (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| Tau & Ubiquitin(Motor neuron variant) mechanisms. Sx: Varied- behavioral, parkinsonian, aphasia forms. Early-onset dementia, focal atrophy of frontal & temporal lobes, |
|
|
Term
| Progressive Supranuclear Palsy |
|
Definition
| Tau protein mediated. Sx: Oculomotor deficits, executive function>language & visuospatial. |
|
|
Term
| Dementia w/Lewy Bodies (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| ApoE4, Presenillin. Alpha-Synuclein & Ubiquitin aggregates-> lewy bodies. Hallucinosis, akinetic rigidity. "Between Parkinson's & Alzheimer's" |
|
|
Term
| Alzheimer's Disease (Gen, Sx, Pathophys, Path) |
|
Definition
| Linkage: betaAmyloid Precursor Protein, Presenillin 1&2, ApoE4, Tau. Nucleus Basalis atrophy --> low AcH. Sx: Deficit of memory & language, delusions. Neurofibrillary tangles, cortical atrophy, amyloid plaques |
|
|
Term
| Alzheimer's Disease Treatment |
|
Definition
| Cholinesterase inhibitors (Donepezil), Glutamate Receptor Antagonists (Memantine), VitE. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| VERTICAL NYSTAGMUS, elevated HR,BP, temp |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lesion to Upper midbrain (thalamus, internal capsule) & cerebral white matter-> Extension of arms & legs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lower midbrain or upper pons lesion. -> extension of legs, flexion & adduction of arms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cold water-> fast nystagmus beat away from stimuli, warm water beat to stimuli. |
|
|
Term
| Glasgow Coma Score Elements |
|
Definition
| Eye Opening (1-4), Verbal (1-5), Motor (1-6) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elevate head, avoid hypovolemia, oxygenation, Normal-high BP, +/- Hypothermia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stroke, hemorrhage, BILAT subdural hematomas, ICP high, Hypoxia (MI), Hypo/hyperglycemia, hypo/hypernatremia, hypothyroid, seizures, drugs, organ failure, infections |
|
|
Term
| Initial HIV Treatment Regiment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| BILATERAL BELLS PALSY, HA, seizures, Myelitis (spinal cord inflammation), Brachial plexitis, Meningioencephalitis (inf. of brain + meninges) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aphasia, poor recall (vs. recognition), executive function (Cortical disease) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B12 deficiency, Thyroid, Depression, Syphilis, EtOH & Drug abuse, Meningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Spinal Cord/UMN Disease): weakness, spasticity, hyperreflexia. GU incontinence, ED. DDx: B12 deficiency |
|
|
Term
| HIV Distal Sensory Polyneuropathy (Sx, DDx) |
|
Definition
| Symmetrical progression of pain & anesthesia. DDx: B12, thyroid, diabetes, EtOH |
|
|
Term
| Toxoplasmosis Gondi Infection (Sx, Dx, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Subacute HA onset, confusion, focal weakness, seizures. Dx:CD4<200, Antibody+, MRI focal lesion. Tx: Pyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine |
|
|
Term
| Primary CNS Lymphoma (Pathophys,Dx) |
|
Definition
| EBV, B-Cell lymphoma. Dx: Toxoplasmosis Ab (-) and (+)EBV in CSF, Head MRI w/focal thallium (+) lesion |
|
|
Term
| Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy-PML (Pathophys, Sx) |
|
Definition
| JC Virus infection of oligodendroglia --> Demyelination. Sx: Progressive focal neuro deficit +/- seizures. CD4<100. |
|
|
Term
| Cryptococal Meningitis (Sx, Dx, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Fungus, pidgeon poo. Sx: non-specific-HA, fever, malaise, +/- meningismus & AMS. ELEVATED ICP. Dx: Antibody+, LP: elevated WBC, india ink(+). Tx: Amphotericin B,Flucytosine, Fluconazole |
|
|
Term
| CMV Infection (Sx, Dx, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Retinitis, colitis, esophagitis, various neuropathies. Dx:CD4<50, LP: Antibody (+), multiple MRI lesions. Tx: Gancyclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir |
|
|
Term
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Sx: Muscle rigidity, fever, leukocytosis, AMS, myoglobinemia. Associated w/Neuroleptics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lung, Breast, Melanoma > others |
|
|
Term
| Glioblastoma (Pathophys/Sx, Grade) |
|
Definition
| Adult, #1 most common. Rapid growth (HERNIATION)-> necrosis (w/PSEUDOPALISADES)-> VEGF (Neovascular). WHO Grade IV |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adult, #2. Arachnoid cell tumor esp @ brain involutions. Hist: Concentric spindle cells, PSAMMOMA BODIES. WHO Grade I |
|
|
Term
| Schwannoma/Acoustic Neuroma |
|
Definition
| Adult, #3. Schwann cell. Esp @cerebello-pontine angle (CN8). NF2 |
|
|
Term
| Oligodendroglioma (Gen, Hist) |
|
Definition
| Adult, rare. Del (1p & 19q) good prognosis. Hist: Fried egg, chicken-wire capillaries. |
|
|
Term
| Pilocytic Astrocytoma (Morph, Sx) |
|
Definition
| Child. Benign, Circumscribed & Good prognosis. Supra/Infratentorial. Sx: Ataxia, HA, N/V, wide gait (Cerebellum & brainstem) |
|
|
Term
| Medulloblastoma (Hist, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Child, malignant (Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor[PNET]). Hist: Small round blue cells, pseudorosettes. Tx: Radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Child, 4th ventricle (can't resect) & hydrocephalus. Hist: Perivascular pseudorosettes. |
|
|
Term
| Hemangioblastoma (Gen, Pathophys, Hist, Assoc DZs) |
|
Definition
| Child, Von Hippel Lindenau Dz. VHL LoF -> hypoxia signal -> VEGF -> vascularity. Hist: Foamy cells. Associations: Renal carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, benign organ cysts. |
|
|
Term
| Neurofibromatosis 1 (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| NF1 gene. Sx: cafe au lait, optic gliomas, cutaneous nerve tumor-> PLEXIFORM NERUROFIBROMAS (malignant potential) |
|
|
Term
| Neurofibromatosis 2 (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| NF2 gene. Sx: Bilat. acoustic neuromas, multiple meningiomas |
|
|
Term
| Tuberous Sclerosis (Gen, Sx) |
|
Definition
| TSC1/TSC2. Tumor of subependymal ventricle lining. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Enzyme cleaves IgA antibodies. S Pneumo, H flu, Neisseria Meningitidis (all cause meningitis) + n. gonorrhea |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophil migration mechanism |
|
Definition
| IL-1 & TNF chemokines -> selectin tethering -> Integrin anchoring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Active resistance to hip flexion & knee extension. Suggests meningitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Passive flexion of head -> active hip flexion. Suggests meningitis |
|
|
Term
| Bacterial Meningitis Lumbar Puncture |
|
Definition
| Opening Pressure: 20-50 cmH20, WBC: 2k+ & left shift, Glucose: <34mg/dL or 23% blood ratio. Protein: >220 mg/dL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacterial: STREP PNEUMO, GBS, Neisseria Meningitidis, Listeria Monocytogenes, HFlu. Viral: Coxackievirus, echovirus, HSV, HIV, WNV, VZV |
|
|
Term
| Strep Pneumo Meningitis (Vec, Tx, Virulence Factors) |
|
Definition
| #1. Vector: sinuses, middle ear, bactremia. Tx: Corticosteroid + Penicillin (if S) -> 3rd Gen Cephalosporin. VF IgA Protease, PneumoSurfaceProtein blocks complement factor B. Vaccine |
|
|
Term
| Listeria Monocytogenes (Sx,Tx,Risk) |
|
Definition
| Sx: Less acute, less nuchal rigidity. Tx: Amp/Penicillin, Aminoglycosides. Risk: Immunocompromised, Pregnant/neonate, Old |
|
|
Term
| Brain Abscess (Risk,Sx,Tx) |
|
Definition
| Risk: Contiguous or Hematogenous spread Sx: HA, Fever, neuro deficit, sezure. Polymicrobial. Tx: Vanco, metronidazole, 3rd Gen Cephalosporin, Corticosteroids. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Coxackie & Echovirus. Late Summer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Neonatal: 100% mortal. Adult: Temporal lobe, all ages. Tx: "-cyclovir's" |
|
|
Term
| Viral Meningitis Dx (Hist, LP) |
|
Definition
| LP: Lymphocytosis, Normal pressure, Gluc, Prot. Hist: Inclusion bodies, microglial nodule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Meningitis triad + AMS, Seizures, weakness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| #1 St. Louis Encephalitis, WNV (DX: IgM), La Crosse Encephalitis, EEE, WEE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Org:Adenovirus, Enterovirus, HSV, S. Aureus, Pneumococcus, H Flu, n. gonorrhea, CHLAMYDIA. Sx: Viral-serous, Bacterial-purulent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Org: S. Aureus, Strep, pseudomonas, enterobacter, acanthamoeba, ONCHOCERCIASIS, fungus, HSV. Sx: Pain, foreign body sensation, limbic injection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| #1HSV, Syphilis, Lyme Dz, HIV OIs:TB, Toxo, CMV, Candida. |
|
|
Term
| Endophthalmitis (Orgs, Sx, Tx) |
|
Definition
| Orgs:Coag(-)Staph, S.Aureus, Candida. Sx: Pain with movement, blurred vision, conjunctival injection. Tx: Vitrectomy, aggressive tx. |
|
|
Term
| Neural Tube-derived tissues |
|
Definition
| CNS + ventral root, oligodendroglia (myelin), astrocytes (support cells), ependyma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Alar-Aft": Dorsal neural tube ->afferent nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Basal-bow": ventral neural tube ->efferent nerves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "stem cell cables" that RADIATE to cortex, guide migration of cortex neurons |
|
|
Term
| Arnold-Chiari Malformation |
|
Definition
| Spina bifida-associated cerebellar herniation through foramen magnum->hydrocephalus |
|
|
Term
| Neural Crest-derived tissues |
|
Definition
| PNS neurons + dorsal root, adrenal glands, melanocytes, eye&ear&olfactory tissues, CN's, Anterior pituitary/Rathke's pouch. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Failure of complete vertebral arch fusion |
|
|
Term
| Spina Bifida w/Myeloschisis |
|
Definition
| Exposure of bare neural tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Confusion & hallucinations, Hyperthermia, HTN & Tachy, Myoclonus, clonus |
|
|
